Law compliance decision making for autonomous vehicles on highways.

As autonomous driving advances, autonomous vehicles will share the road with human drivers. This requires autonomous vehicles to adhere to human traffic laws under safe conditions. Simultaneously, when confronted with dangerous situations, autonomous driving should also possess the capability to deviate from traffic laws to ensure safety.

Self-Calibration Method for Circular Encoders Based on Inertia and a Single Read-Head.

This article proposes a new self-calibration method for circular encoders based on inertia and a single read-head. The velocity curves of the circular encoder are fitted with polynomials and, based on the principle of circle closure and the periodicity of the distribution for angle intervals, the proportionality between the theoretical value and the actual value of each angle interval is obtained. In the experimental system constructed, the feasibility of the proposed method was verified through self-calibration experiments, repeatability experiments, and comparative experiments with the time-measurement dynamic reversal (TDR) method.

A Novel Method for Obtaining Analytical Parameters Based on Double-Flank Measurement.

Double-flank measurement is the most commonly used method for full inspection of mass-produced gears and has high measurement efficiency, but it cannot obtain the analytical parameters and is not helpful enough to evaluate the NVH performance of the gears. Based on the double-flank rolling tester with a new principle, a simulation method for double-flank measurement and a solving method for analytical parameters are proposed. Using the simulation method, the double-flank measurements without random error can be obtained through the collision detection algorithm.

Periodic static compression of micro-strain pattern regulates endochondral bone formation.

Developmental engineering based on endochondral ossification has been proposed as a potential strategy for repairing of critical bone defects. Bone development is driven by growth plate-mediated endochondral ossification. Under physiological conditions, growth plate chondrocytes undergo compressive forces characterized by micro-mechanics, but the regulatory effect of micro-mechanical loading on endochondral bone formation has not been investigated.

Targeting FGFR3 signaling and drug repurposing for the treatment of SLC26A2-related chondrodysplasia in mouse model.

Background: Mutations in Slc26a2 cause a spectrum of autosomal-recessive chondrodysplasia with a significant and negligible influence on the quality of life. It has been reported that Slc26a2 deficiency triggers the ATF6 branch of the UPR, which may, in turn, activate the negative regulator of the FGFR3 signaling pathway. However, the correlation between the deletion of Slc26a2 and the augmentation of downstream phosphorylation of FGFR3 has not been investigated .

A porous silicon composite with irregular silver nano-dendritic particles: a rapid optical sensor for trace detection of malachite green in freshwater fish.

This study focused on creating a SERS composite particle specifically designed for detecting malachite green. We synthesized silver nano-dendritic structures on p-type porous silicon using an external electric field, separating them from the silicon wafer. Ultrasonic crushing yielded irregular silver nanodendrite-modified porous silicon composite particles.

Online legal driving behavior monitoring for self-driving vehicles.

Defined traffic laws must be respected by all vehicles when driving on the road, including self-driving vehicles without human drivers. Nevertheless, the ambiguity of human-oriented traffic laws, particularly compliance thresholds, poses a significant challenge to the implementation of regulations on self-driving vehicles, especially in detecting illegal driving behaviors. To address these challenges, here we present a trigger-based hierarchical online monitor for self-assessment of driving behavior, which aims to improve the rationality and real-time performance of the monitoring results.

Study on the Measurability of Gear Analytical Parameters in Double-Flank Measurement.

Double-flank measurement is the most commonly used full inspection method on the shop floor. However, the double-flank measurement method cannot measure analytical parameters such as pitch deviations and profile deviations, and this limitation is a pain point in the field of gear measurement. This paper studies the measurability of the analytical parameters of gears based on the results of double-flank measurement, proposes the definition of measurable area, and gives the relationship between the size of the measurable area and the number of teeth and the pressure angle and the gear error.

A Normalized Absolute Values Adaptive Evaluation Function of Image Clarity.

The clarity evaluation function plays a vital role in the autofocus technique. The accuracy and efficiency of the image clarity evaluation function directly affects the accuracy of autofocus and the speed of focusing. However, classical clarity function values are sensitive to changes in background brightness and changes in object contour length.

Efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy combined with endoluminal radiofrequency closure in patients with varicose veins of lower extremities.

We aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy combined with endoluminal radiofrequency closure in patients with varicose veins of lower extremities (VVLEs); furthermore, we aimed to provide a theoretical basis for the effective management of VVLE patients in clinical work. From January 1, 2020, to March 1, 2021, 88 patients with VVLE admitted to Third Hospital of Shandong Province were included in this retrospective study. Depending on the type of treatment, the patients were divided into study groups and control groups.

Milk lipids characterization in relation to different heat treatments using lipidomics.

Heat treatment is an important processing technique related to milk quality and nutritional value in the dairy industry. In this study, changes in milk lipids in response to different heat treatments were comprehensively characterized using a lipidomic approach. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) were used to identify and quantify 29 classes and 788 different lipids.

C NMR detection of non-protein nitrogen substance adulteration in animal feed.

Illegal adulteration of melamine in animal feed and food has been widely studied. However, the risk of using substitute non-protein nitrogen substances still exists. In this study, we developed the C NMR method for the detection of non-protein nitrogen substance adulteration in animal feed.

Emission of terahertz plasmons from driven electrons in grated graphene.

Terahertz plasmon emission is the key to getting terahertz radiation, which has resulted in numerous studies on it. In this paper, we present the results of a theoretical investigation of terahertz plasmon emission by drifting electrons in a grated graphene system driven by an electric field by applying the Boltzmann's equilibrium equation method. The results show that plasmon frequencies from terahertz to infrared are generated by drifting electrons through the interaction between plasmons and electrons.

Genome-Wide DNA Methylome and Transcriptome Analysis of Porcine Intestinal Epithelial Cells upon Deoxynivalenol Exposure.

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a type of mycotoxin that is disruptive to intestinal and immune systems. To better understand the molecular effects of DON exposure, we performed genome-wide comparisons of DNA methylation and gene expression from porcine intestinal epithelial cell IPEC-J2 upon DON exposure using reduced representation bisulfite sequencing and RNA-seq technologies. We characterized the methylation pattern changes and found 3030 differentially methylated regions.

Coupling of plasmon and photon modes in a graphene-based multilayer structure.

We propose a graphene-based plasmonic heterostructure in which a new class of plasmon polariton modes can be realized via fundamental coupling of conventional graphene plasmons (GPs) and spoof surface plasmons or radiation modes. We name these electromagnetic modes coupled graphene plasmon polaritons (CGPPs). It is found that the properties of the CGPPs can be tuned by the geometry of the heterostructure, the material used to fill the holes, and the electron density in graphene.