Advances in Manganese-based nanomaterials for cancer therapy via regulating Non-Ferrous ferroptosis.

Ferroptosis, a regulated form of cell death distinct from apoptosis, was first identified in 2012 and is characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation driven by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Since its discovery, ferroptosis has been linked to various diseases, with recent studies highlighting its potential in cancer therapy, particularly for targeting cancer cells that are resistant to traditional treatments like chemotherapy and radiotherapy. While iron has historically been central to ferroptosis, emerging evidence indicates that non-ferrous ions, especially manganese (Mn), also play a crucial role in modulating this process.

Evolutionary engineering of : Crafting a synthetic methylotroph via self-reprogramming.

Methanol, as a non-edible feedstock, offers a promising sustainable alternative to sugar-based substrates in biochemical production. Despite progress in engineering methanol assimilation in nonmethylotrophs, the full transformation into methanol-dependent synthetic methylotrophs remains a formidable challenge. Here, moving beyond the conventional rational design principle, we engineered a synthetic methylotrophic through genome rearrangement and adaptive laboratory evolution.

Hyperthermophilic xylanase and thermophilicity analysis by molecular dynamic simulation with quantum mechanics.

Thermophilic xylanases catalyzing the cleavage of β-1,4-glycosidic bonds in xylan have applications in food, feed, biorefinery, and pulp industries. In this study, a hyperthermophilic endo-xylanase was obtained by further enhancement of thermal tolerance of a thermophilic GH11 xylanase originated from metagenome of bagasse pile based on rational design. Introducing N13F and Q34L to the previously reported X11P enzyme shifted the optimal working temperature to 85 °C and led to 20.

Engineered Polymeric Carbon Nitride for Photocatalytic Diverse Functionalization of Electronic-Rich Alkenes.

Engineered polymeric carbon nitride represents a promising class of metal-free semiconductor photocatalysts for organic synthesis. Herein, we utilized engineered polymeric carbon nitride nanosheets, which exhibit an increased specific surface area and band gap due to enhanced quantum confinement from vacancy enrichment. These nanosheets serve as a heterogeneous organic semiconductor photocatalyst to facilitate diverse functionalizations of electron-rich alkenes, including arylsulfonylation, aminodifluoroalkylation, and oxytrifluoromethylation.

Berberine-loaded mannosylerythritol lipid-B nanomicelles as drug delivery carriers for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori biofilms in vivo.

Eradication of Helicobacter pylori biofilm is crucial to the treatment of H. pylori infections, especially regarding the challenge of fast development of antibiotic resistance in H. pylori worldwide.

Tumor Microenvironment-Responsive Biodegradable Nanomedicine for Self-Enhanced Synergistic Chemo-, Photothermal, and Chemodynamic Therapy.

The nanoscale multidrug codelivery system for synergistic therapy is an effective strategy for tumor treatment. However, the low drug delivery efficiency and poor therapeutic effects limit its application. Here, based on the coordination effect of Artemisinin (Art), quercetin (Qc), and Fe, we had constructed a safe and efficient carrier-free hyaluronic acid (HA)-modified Art-Fe-Qc nanoparticles (AFQ@HA NPs) for enhanced chemotherapy/photothermal therapy (PTT)-chemodynamic therapy (CDT) synergistic therapy, which achieved an ultrahigh drug loading efficiency and a multifunction anticancer strategy.

Cellulosic ethanol stillage for methane production by integrating single-chamber anaerobic digestion and microbial electrolysis cell system.

Anaerobic digestion provides a solution to the inefficient use of carbon resources caused by improper disposal of corn stover-based ethanol stillage (CES). In this regard, we developed a single-chamber anaerobic digestion integrated microbial electrolysis cells system (AD-MEC) to convert CES into biogas while simultaneously upgrading biogas in-situ by employing voltages ranging from 0 to 2.5 V.

CRP and IHF act as host regulators in Royal Jelly's antibacterial activity.

Royal Jelly (RJ) is a natural substance produced by honeybees, serving not only as nutrition for bee brood and queens but also as a functional food due to its health-promoting properties. Despite its well-known broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, the precise molecular mechanism underlying its antibacterial action has remained elusive. In this study, we investigated the impact of RJ on the bacteria model MG1655 at its half-maximal inhibitory concentration, employing LC-MS/MS to analyze proteomic changes.

Carbon dots-facilitated on-demand dissolution of Ca-alginate hydrogel via site-specific mineralization for wound healing.

On-demand dissolution of hydrogels has shown much potential in easy and pain-free removal of wound dressings. This work firstly describes a type of carbon dots (CDs) for dissolving Ca-alginate hydrogel via site-specific mineralization method. The CDs were characterized by two features, which included presence of primary/secondary amine groups and generation of calcium crystals with Ca.

Green Synthesis of Alzheimer's Disease Probes Aftobetin and Analogues Enabled by Flow Technology and Heterogeneous Photocatalysis.

Aftobetin is a non-invasive diagnosis probe of Alzheimer's disease, that can bind with aggregated β-amyloid peptide in eye's lenses, used for early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease in a rapid and painless mode. The reported synthesis of this probe fell short in the aspects of greenness and economy due to the involvement of toxic Chromium(IV) oxidant, noble palladium catalyst, elevated reaction temperature, the long reaction time as well as the cumbersome workup. Herein, a holistic optimization of the synthetic process was achieved via the employment of flow technology and heterogenous photocatalysis.

Online monitoring lignocellulosic particles by focus beam reflectance measurement for efficient bioprocessing.

Lignocellulose presents a promising alternative to fossil fuels. Monitoring the mass and size changes of lignocellulosic particles without disrupting the process can assist in adjusting pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis, where conventional sieving methods fall short. A method utilizing focused beam reflectance measurement (FBRM) was developed to establish mathematical correlations between FBRM chord information (chord length and count) and particle characteristics (weight and size) quantified through sieving.

Engineering carbon source division of labor for efficient α-carotene production in Corynebacterium glutamicum.

Effective utilization of glucose, xylose, and acetate, common carbon sources in lignocellulose hydrolysate, can boost biomanufacturing economics. However, carbon leaks into biomass biosynthesis pathways instead of the intended target product remain to be optimized. This study aimed to enhance α-carotene production by optimizing glucose, xylose, and acetate utilization in a high-efficiency Corynebacterium glutamicum cell factory.

Variant-Localized High-Concentration Electrolyte without Phase Separation for Low-Temperature Batteries.

Dual-ion batteries (DIBs) present great application potential in low-temperature energy storage scenarios due to their unique dual-ion working mechanism. However, at low temperatures, the insufficient electrochemical oxidation stability of electrolytes and depressed interfacial compatibility impair the DIB performance. Here, we design a variant-localized high-concentration solvation structure for universal low-temperature electrolytes (ν-LHCE) without the phase separation via introducing an extremely weak-solvating solvent with low energy levels.

Anaerobic digestion integrated with microbial electrolysis cell to enhance biogas production and upgrading in situ.

Anaerobic digestion (AD) is an effective and applicable technology for treating organic wastes to recover bioenergy, but it is limited by various drawbacks, such as long start-up time for establishing a stable process, the toxicity of accumulated volatile fatty acids and ammonia nitrogen to methanogens resulting in extremely low biogas productivities, and a large amount of impurities in biogas for upgrading thereafter with high cost. Microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) is a device developed for electrosynthesis from organic wastes by electroactive microorganisms, but MEC alone is not practical for production at large scales. When AD is integrated with MEC, not only can biogas production be enhanced substantially, but also upgrading of the biogas product performed in situ.

Systems metabolic engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum to assimilate formic acid for biomass accumulation and succinic acid production.

Formate as an ideal mediator between the physicochemical and biological realms can be obtained from electrochemical reduction of CO and used to produce bio-chemicals. Yet, limitations arise when employing natural formate-utilizing microorganisms due to restricted product range and low biomass yield. This study presents a breakthrough: engineered Corynebacterium glutamicum strains (L2-L4) through modular engineering.