Universal analyzer for measuring the orbital angular momentum spectrum of a randomly fluctuated beam.

The orbital angular momentum (OAM) of beams provides an additional degree of freedom and has been applied in various scientific and technological fields. Accurate and quantitative measurement of intensity distributions across different OAM modes, referred to as the OAM spectrum of a beam, is crucial. Here, we propose a straightforward and efficient experimental setup for measuring the OAM spectrum of a randomly fluctuating beam.

Quantitative determination of fractional topological charge based on the rotational Doppler effect.

The utilization of fractional-order vortex beams extends the diversity of optical field manipulation, permits for more flexible control over beam propagation, and provides novel applications in optical communications, edge enhancement imaging, and particle manipulation. However, compared with the integer-order vortex beams, the topological charge measurement techniques for fractional-order vortex beams are not well developed, impeding the further exploration of its applications. In this paper, the frequency signal of rotational Doppler effect and corresponding broadening behavior under the fractional-order vortex beam illumination were analyzed.

3D-Printed Bifunctional Scaffold for Treatment of Critical Bone Defects Based on Osteoimmune Microenvironment Regulation and Osteogenetic Effects.

The critical-sized bone defect resulting from trauma, tumor resection, and congenital deformity fails to undergo spontaneous healing due to its substantial size, while the ensuing inflammatory process and hypoxic environment further impede the regenerative process. Therefore, it has consistently presented a significant clinical challenge. In the present study, we incorporate a glycyrrhizic acid (GA)-functionalized hydrogel onto the surface of a Hydroxyapatite (Hap)-modified Polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffold to fabricate a composite scaffold.

Robust detection of a rotational Doppler shift with randomly fluctuated light.

The complex external environment, such as obstruction and turbulence, poses significant limitations on the applications of rotational Doppler detection. The active manipulation of randomly fluctuated light has been proven effective in mitigating external environmental perturbations. Here, as an example, a partially coherent source with petal-like focal (or far) field distribution is constructed specifically for detecting rotational Doppler frequency shifts.

A nanozyme-functionalized bilayer hydrogel scaffold for modulating the inflammatory microenvironment to promote osteochondral regeneration.

Background: The incidence of osteochondral defects caused by trauma, arthritis or tumours is increasing annually, but progress has not been made in terms of treatment methods. Due to the heterogeneous structure and biological characteristics of cartilage and subchondral bone, the integration of osteochondral repair is still a challenge.

Results: In the present study, a novel bilayer hydrogel scaffold was designed based on anatomical characteristics to imitate superficial cartilage and subchondral bone.

A visualized model for identifying optimal candidates for aggressive locoregional surgical treatment in patients with bone metastases from breast cancer.

Background: The impact of surgical resection of primary (PTR) on the survival of breast cancer (BC) patients with bone metastasis (BM) has been preliminarily investigated, but it remains unclear which patients are suitable for this procedure. Finally, this study aims to develop a predictive model to screen BC patients with BM who would benefit from local surgery.

Methods: BC patients with BM were identified using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database (2010 and 2015), and 39 patients were obtained for external validation from an Asian medical center.

Coherence singularity and evolution of partially coherent Bessel-Gaussian vortex beams.

For a partially coherent Bessel-Gaussian (PCBG) vortex beam, information regarding the topological charge (TC) is hidden in the phase of the cross-spectral density (CSD) function. We theoretically and experimentally confirmed that during free-space propagation, the number of coherence singularities is equal to the magnitude of the TC. In contrast to the Laguerre-Gaussian vortex beam, this quantitative relationship only holds for the case with an off-axis reference point for the PCBG vortex beam.

The association of diabetes status and bone mineral density among US adults: evidence from NHANES 2005-2018.

Backgrounds: We aimed to explore the relationship between diabetes status and bone mineral density (BMD) among adults with pre-diabetes and diabetes.

Methods: We collected and analyzed five cycles (2005-2006, 2007-2008, 2009-2010, 2013-2014, and 2017-2018) data from NHANES. We removed the individuals containing missing values.

Statistical properties of a partially coherent vector beam with controllable spatial coherence, vortex phase, and polarization.

We report on a partially coherent radially polarized power-exponent-phase vortex (PC-RP-PEPV) beam with various distributions of intensity, controllable coherence width, vortex phase, and polarization. The statistical properties of the PC-RP-PEPV beam depend on topological charge, power order, polarization states, and coherence width, which differ from those of conventional radially polarized beams. Here, the initial radial polarization state will transform to complex ellipse polarization state during propagation.

Review on fractional vortex beam.

As an indispensable complement to an integer vortex beam, the fractional vortex beam has unique physical properties such as radially notched intensity distribution, complex phase structure consisting of alternating charge vortex chains, and more sophisticated orbital angular momentum modulation dimension. In recent years, we have noticed that the fractional vortex beam was widely used for complex micro-particle manipulation in optical tweezers, improving communication capacity, controllable edge enhancement of image and quantum entanglement. Moreover, this has stimulated extensive research interest, including the deep digging of the phenomenon and physics based on different advanced beam sources and has led to a new research boom in micro/nano-optical devices.

A Novel Nomogram for Predicting Cancer-Specific Survival in Patients With Spinal Chordoma: A Population-Based Analysis.

Background: Chordoma is a rare malignant bone tumor, and the survival prediction for patients with chordoma is difficult. The objective of this study was to construct and validate a nomogram for predicting cancer-specific survival (CSS) in patients with spinal chordoma.

Methods: A total of 316 patients with spinal chordoma were identified from the SEER database between 1998 and 2015.

Analysis of risk factors for C5 nerve root paralysis after posterior cervical decompression.

Background: C5 nerve root paralysis is a nonnegligible complication after posterior cervical spine surgery (PCSS). The cause of its occurrence remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to analyse the incidence of and risk factors for C5 nerve root paralysis after posterior cervical decompression.

Enhanced wound repair ability of arginine-chitosan nanocomposite membrane through the antimicrobial peptides-loaded polydopamine-modified graphene oxide.

Skin wound healing is a complicated and lengthy process, which is influenced by multiple factors and need a suitable cellular micro-environment. For skin wound, wound dressings remain a cornerstone of dermatologic therapy at present. The dressing material can create an effective protective environment for the wound, and the interactions between the dressing and the wound has a great impact on the wound healing efficiency.

Identification of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition-Related lncRNAs that Associated With the Prognosis and Immune Microenvironment in Colorectal Cancer.

The expression of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is associated with the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in tumorigenicity, but the role of EMT-related lncRNA in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear. The clinical data and gene expression profile of CRC patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Differential expression analysis, Cox regression model, and Kaplan-Meier analysis were used to study the relationship between EMT-related lncRNAs and the prognosis of CRC.

Successful treatment of continuous ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament in the lumbar spine using percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic spinal decompression: a case report.

Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) of the lumbar spine is rare relative to that of the cervical spine but is often associated with more severe symptoms. Continuous lumbar OPLL is extremely rare. We herein describe a 48-year-old Chinese woman with lumbar spinal stenosis caused by continuous OPLL.

Young's double-slit experiment with a partially coherent vortex beam.

We perform a Young's double-slit experiment with a partially coherent vortex beam (PCVB) and explore its cross-spectral density (CSD) at the focal plane after passing through a double-slit. Our results reveal that the phase of the CSD distribution with respect to an on-axis reference point can simultaneously quantitatively characterize the sign and magnitude of the topological charge (TC) carried by such a beam. In particular, the magnitude of the TC is half of the number of coherence singularities and the sign of the TC is determined by the phase winding of the coherence singularities (i.

Risk factors, prognostic factors, and nomograms for bone metastasis in patients with newly diagnosed infiltrating duct carcinoma of the breast: a population-based study.

Background: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women, and it is also the leading cause of death in female patients; the most common pathological type of BC is infiltrating duct carcinoma (IDC). Some nomograms have been developed to predict bone metastasis (BM) in patients with breast cancer. However, there are no studies on diagnostic and prognostic nomograms for BM in newly diagnosed IDC patients.

Microscopic phase reconstruction of cervical exfoliated cell under partially coherent illumination.

Basic coherent diffraction imaging methods strongly rely on having a highly coherent illumination in order to reconstruct the phase accurately. However, regardless of considering the turbulent transport medium, the instability of the system or the generation mechanism of the light source, partially coherent illumination is more common in real case. In this paper, we proposed an efficient microscopic phase imaging method to study normal and abnormal cervical exfoliated cells.

Risk factors and nomogram for newly diagnosis of bone metastasis in bladder cancer: A SEER-based study.

Bladder cancer (BC) is the second most common urogenital malignant tumor. Bone metastasis (BM) is not common in BC patients, and there are only few studies on it. However, it was found in a clinical study that BM was related to the occurrence of bone complications and the decrease in survival rate.

Comprehensive analysis of a 14 immune-related gene pair signature to predict the prognosis and immune features of gastric cancer.

Background: As a new method for predicting tumor prognosis, the predictive effect of immune-related gene pairs (IRGPs) has been confirmed in several cancers, but there is no comprehensive analysis of the clinical significance of IRGPs in gastric cancer (GC).

Method: Clinical and gene expression profile data of GC patients were obtained from the GEO database. Based on the ImmPort database, differentially expressed immune-related gene (DEIRG) events were determined by a comparison of GC samples and adjacent normal samples.

Percutaneous pedicle screw fixation combined with selective transforaminal endoscopic decompression for the treatment of thoracolumbar burst fracture.

Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, safety, efficacy, and indications of percutaneous pedicle screw fixation (PPSF) combined with selective transforaminal endoscopic decompression (TED) in the treatment of thoracolumbar burst fracture (TBLF).

Methods: From August 2015 to October 2018, a total of 41 patients with single-segment TLBF (28 men and 13 women) were enrolled in this study. X-ray and computed tomography were obtained before surgery, 1 week after surgery, and 1 year after surgery to evaluate spinal recovery.

Independent risk factors evaluation for overall survival and cancer-specific survival in thyroid cancer patients with bone metastasis: A study for construction and validation of the predictive nomogram.

Bone is a frequent site for the occurrence of metastasis of thyroid cancer (TC). TC with bone metastasis (TCBM) is associated with skeletal-related events (SREs), with poor prognosis and low overall survival (OS). Therefore, it is necessary to develop a predictive nomogram for prognostic evaluation.