Vine Tea Extract Enhanced the Fermentation of Skimmed Milk by .

Vine tea extract (VTE), from the traditional Chinese herbal tea, was added to reconstituted skimmed milk; the mixture was fermented with , and fermentation characteristics, flavonoid content, antioxidant capacity (AOC), and viability of were measured. 2 mg/mL VTE promoted growth and 8 mg/mL VTE inhibited growth, an effect consistent with observed pH changes. Total flavonoid content and AOC increased with increasing VTE dosage.

Glucose binds and activates NSUN2 to promote translation and epidermal differentiation.

Elevations in intracellular glucose concentrations are essential for epithelial cell differentiation by mechanisms that are not fully understood. Glucose has recently been found to directly bind several proteins to alter their functions to enhance differentiation. Among the newly identified glucose-binding proteins is NSUN2, an RNA-binding protein that we identified as indispensable for epidermal differentiation.

Dynamic changes in RNA mA and 5 hmC influence gene expression programs during macrophage differentiation and polarisation.

RNA modifications are essential for the establishment of cellular identity. Although increasing evidence indicates that RNA modifications regulate the innate immune response, their role in monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation and polarisation is unclear. While mA has been widely studied, other RNA modifications, including 5 hmC, remain poorly characterised.

Efficacy and safety of Lianhua Qingwen granule in the treatment of non-influenza viral pneumonia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter clinical study.

Objective: To observe the effectiveness and safety of Lianhua Qingwen granule in the treatment of non-influenza viral pneumonia.

Methods: This study was a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Subjects who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were clinically diagnosed with viral pneumonia (negative for influenza virus) were randomly divided into the Lianhua Qingwen granule trial group and placebo control group.

Preparation of tobacco pyrolysis liquids in subcritical/supercritical ethanol and their application in the aroma enhancement of heated cigarettes.

For the aroma enhancement research of heated cigarettes, it is worth exploring whether tobacco can be pyrolyzed into pyrolysis liquids containing a large number of volatile aroma components. In this study, tobacco pyrolysis liquids were prepared in subcritical/supercritical ethanol, and their applications in the aroma enhancement of heated cigarettes were investigated. The optimal conditions of supercritical liquefaction reactions were determined by optimizing the reaction time, liquid/solid mass ratio and temperature conditions.

Mitochondrial disturbance related to increased caspase-1 of CD4T cells in HIV-1 infection.

Background: In HIV-1 infection, more than 95% of CD4T cells die of caspase-1 mediated pyroptosis. What governs the increased susceptibility of CD4T cells to pyroptosis is poorly understood.

Methods: Blood samples were obtained from 31 untreated HIV-infected patients (UNT), 29 antiretroviral therapy treated HIV-infected patients (ART), and 21 healthy control donors (HD).

Single-Nucleotide Resolution Mapping of -Methyladenine in Genomic DNA.

-Methyladenine (6mA) is a naturally occurring DNA modification in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Herein, we developed a deaminase-mediated sequencing (DM-seq) method for genome-wide mapping of 6mA at single-nucleotide resolution. The method capitalizes on the selective deamination of adenine, but not 6mA, in DNA mediated by an evolved adenine deaminase, ABE8e.

Research advances in crosstalk between muscle and bone in osteosarcopenia (Review).

Osteosarcopenia is a burgeoning geriatric syndrome and a familiar disease among older individuals. It is characterized by reduced skeletal muscle mass and bone mineral density due to osteoporosis and sarcopenia. Its clinical manifestations include reduced physical performance and individuals becoming prone to falls during the aging process resulting in fractures and hospitalization, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients and increases the risk of death.

Integrated traditional Chinese medicine intervention for delaying HIV morbidity: study protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial.

Background: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome is caused by humans and is high worldwide. Active antiretroviral therapy emerged in the late 1990s and is effective against AIDS. However, despite the extensive research on AIDS, there is still no vaccine or cure.

Accelerated Aging of T-Cell Subsets Among ART-Naïve HIV-Infected Chinese Men Who have Sex with Men: A Case-Control Study.

Background: Evidence of lymphopoiesis, exhaustion, and premature aging in Chinese patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is very limited.

Objective: To assess biological aging and immune senescence in Chinese healthy controls (HC) and ART-naïve HIV-infected men who have sex with men (MSM).

Methods: This case-control study was conducted in Beijing Ditan Hospital from March 2018 to June 2019.

The characteristics of overseas imported COVID-19 cases and the effectiveness of screening strategies in Beijing, China.

Background: In March 2020, the WHO declared the novel coronavirus outbreak a global pandemic. While great success in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) control has been achieved in China, imported cases have become a major challenge. This study aimed to describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of imported COVID-19 cases and to assess the effectiveness of screening strategies in Beijing, China.

Bio-based carbon materials with multiple functional groups and graphene structure to boost methane production from ethanol anaerobic digestion.

This study evaluated the effects of bio-based carbon materials on methane production by anaerobic digestion. The results showed that biochar and hydrochar can promote cumulative methane yield by 15% to 29%. However, there was no statistical significance (p > 0.

An enzyme-mediated bioorthogonal labeling method for genome-wide mapping of 5-hydroxymethyluracil.

DNA 5-hydroxymethyluracil (5hmU) is a thymine modification existing in the genomes of various organisms. The post-replicative formation of 5hmU occurs hydroxylation of thymine by ten-eleven translocation (TET) dioxygenases in mammals and J-binding proteins (JBPs) in protozoans, respectively. In addition, 5hmU can also be generated through oxidation of thymine by reactive oxygen species or deamination of 5hmC by cytidine deaminase.

Impact of immune checkpoint molecules on FoxP3 Treg cells and related cytokines in patients with acute and chronic brucellosis.

Background: The immunoregulatory functions of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the development and progression of some chronic infectious diseases are mediated by immune checkpoint molecules and immunosuppressive cytokines. However, little is known about the immunosuppressive functions of Tregs in human brucellosis, which is a major burden in low-income countries. In this study, expressions of immune checkpoint molecules and Treg-related cytokines in patients with acute and chronic Brucella infection were evaluated to explore their impact at different stages of infection.

Promoting potential direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) and methanogenesis with nitrogen and zinc doped carbon quantum dots.

Although it has been demonstrated that one-dimensional, two-dimensional, and three-dimensional carbon nanomaterials can improve the CH production of anaerobic digestion (AD), the effect of zero-dimensional carbon nanomaterials on AD have not been reported. To expand the application of carbon nanomaterials in AD, the effect of zero-dimensional carbon nanomaterials-carbon quantum dots (CDs) on various feedstocks (c.a.

Functional role of Tet-mediated RNA hydroxymethylcytosine in mouse ES cells and during differentiation.

Tet-enzyme-mediated 5-hydroxymethylation of cytosines in DNA plays a crucial role in mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs). In RNA also, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) has recently been evidenced, but its physiological roles are still largely unknown. Here we show the contribution and function of this mark in mouse ESCs and differentiating embryoid bodies.

Multiplex Tests for Respiratory Tract Infections: The Direct Utility of the FilmArray Respiratory Panel in Emergency Department.

Background: The FilmArray Respiratory Panel with multiplex targets for respiratory pathogens has been widely used and verified in clinical trials in special test settings. However, it is necessary to evaluate the panel's performance at the point of care directly, in nonspecific test settings.

Methods: Patients with respiratory tract infections were enrolled from among emergency department visitors, and all steps, including the collection of specimens and testing, were performed by our clinicians.

MicroRNA‑93 promotes angiogenesis and attenuates remodeling via inactivation of the Hippo/Yap pathway by targeting Lats2 after myocardial infarctionω.

Inactivation of the Hippo pathway protects the myocardium from cardiac ischemic injury. MicroRNAs (miRs) have been reported to play pivotal roles in the progression of myocardial infarction (MI). The present study examined whether miR‑93 could promote angiogenesis and attenuate remodeling after MI via inactivation of the Hippo/Yes‑associated protein (Yap) pathway, by targeting large tumor suppressor kinase 2 (Lats2).

Quantitative Detection and Viral Load Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 in Infected Patients.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a public health emergency. The widely used reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method has limitations for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Methods: A total of 323 samples from 76 COVID-19-confirmed patients were analyzed by droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) and RT-PCR based 2 target genes (ORF1ab and N).

Serum levels of soluble CD163 and soluble CD14 following antibiotic therapy of patients with acute brucellosis.

Introduction: Soluble CD163 (sCD163) and soluble CD14 (sCD14) levels, monocyte/macrophage activation markers, are elevated in patient serum during Brucella infection. The aim of this study was to measure serum sCD163 and sCD14 levels during treatment for acute brucellosis to determine whether they can be used to monitor treatment efficacy.

Methodology: Blood samples were collected from 30 patients with acute brucellosis (disease duration < 8 weeks) before and after 6 weeks of antibiotic therapy as well as from a comparison group of 28 healthy control individuals.

Evaluation of the Diagnostic Accuracy of the CareStart™ Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency Rapid Diagnostic Test among Chinese Newborns.

Previous studies have shown that the CareStart™ G6PD Deficiency rapid diagnostic test has high diagnostic accuracy on G6PD deficiency in Africa and Thailand, but not in China. As there are regional differences of G6PD genotype distribution, we are attending to verify the effectiveness of the kit in Chinese population. The study cohort included 247 newborns admitted to our hospital for jaundice.

Chemical labeling - Assisted mass spectrometry analysis for sensitive detection of cytidine dual modifications in RNA of mammals.

RNA molecules carry diverse modifications that exert important influences in many cellular processes. In addition to the single modification occurring in either nucleobase or 2' hydroxyl of ribose in RNA, some dual modifications occur in both the nucleobase and 2' hydroxyl of ribose in RNA. 2'-O-methyl-5-methylcytidine (mCm), the dual modifications of cytidine, was first discovered from the tRNA of archaea.

Quantification and Single-Base Resolution Analysis of 1-Methyladenosine in mRNA by Ligation-Assisted Differentiation.

RNA modification, such as 1-methyladenosine (mA), affects the secondary structure of RNA and its ability to recognize specific reader proteins. Methods for detecting site-specific mA are in demand. We report here a ligation-assisted differentiation approach for quantitative detection of mA in mRNA with single-base resolution.