Profile of miRNAs induced during sheep fat tail development and roles of four key miRNAs in proliferation and differentiation of sheep preadipocytes.

Background: The fat tail of sheep is an adaptive trait that facilitates their adaptation to harsh natural environments. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been demonstrated to play crucial roles in the regulation of tail fat deposition.

Methods: In this study, miRNA-Seq was employed to investigate the expression profiles of miRNAs during different developmental stages of sheep fat tails and elucidate the functions of differentially expressed miRNAs (DE miRNAs).

Low Serum Apolipoprotein A1 Levels Impair Antitumor Immunity of CD8+ T Cells via the HIF-1α-Glycolysis Pathway.

An immunosuppressive microenvironment promotes the occurrence and development of tumors. Low apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) is closely related to tumor development, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. This study investigated the association between serum ApoA1 levels and the immune microenvironment in endometrial, ovarian, and lung cancers.

Comparison of the effect of levonorgestrel-intrauterine system with or without oral megestrol acetate on fertility-preserving treatment in patients with atypical endometrial hyperplasia: A prospective, open-label, randomized controlled phase II study.

Objective: To compare the effects of levonorgestrel-intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) with or without oral megestrol acetate (MA) versus MA alone on fertility-preserving treatment in patients with atypical endometrial hyperplasia (AEH).

Methods: This was a single-center phase II study with an open-label, randomized, controlled trial conducted between July 2017 and June 2020 at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China. A total of 180 patients (18-45 years) with primary AEH were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to the MA (N = 60), LNG-IUS (N = 60), or MA + LNG-IUS (N = 60) groups, in which the patients received MA (160 mg orally daily), LNG-IUS, or MA + LNG-IUS (MA 160 mg orally daily plus LNG-IUS), respectively.

The Small Non-coding RNA Contributes to the Environmental Adaptation and Pathogenicity of .

Introduction: (LM) is an important food-borne pathogen, and the risk of its ingestion is a serious public health issue. The better its environmental adaptation mechanisms and pathogenicity are understood, the better the risk it poses can be countered. The regulatory role of the small non-coding RNA (sRNA) in the environmental adaptation and pathogenicity of LM is still unclear and this study investigated that role through its biological function.

Prevalences and Characteristics of Spp. Infection in Sheep in Pastoral Areas of the Tianshan, Xinjiang, China.

Introduction: Nematodes of the genus are commonly reported parasites that can cause trichuriasis in many animals, which leads to inflammation, intestinal bleeding and reductions of productivity in livestock. Knowledge of the prevalence of infestation in the Tianshan ovine population and of the nematode species parasitising the population is not exhaustive, and this study aimed to expand the knowledge.

Material And Methods: A total of 1,216 sheep slaughtered in five pasture areas in the Tianshan Mountains of Xinjiang were investigated and a phylogenetic analysis based on the mitochondrial gene was performed to clarify the genetic relationships of the various species.

The small RNA STnc1480 contributes to the regulation of biofilm formation and pathogenicity in Salmonella typhimurium.

Salmonella Typhimurium (STM) is one of the most important food-borne bacteria that seriously harms livestock and human beings, which is capable of regulating the expression of its own genes in a variety of ways to adapt to a wide variety of adverse environmental stresses. To understand the regulatory roles of sRNA STnc1480 on the capability of STM, the STnc1480 gene-deficient strain △STnc1480 and its complement strain △STnc1480/STnc1480 were generated, and the impacts of STnc1480 gene deficiency on the capability of responding to different environmental stresses, biofilm(BF)formation and pathogenicity were analyzed, respectively. Then the target genes that were regulated by STnc1480 were also analyzed and explored.

Molecular Characteristics and Potent Immunomodulatory Activity of Fasciola hepatica Cystatin.

Cystatin, a cysteine protease inhibitor found in many parasites, plays important roles in immune evasion. This study analyzed the molecular characteristics of a cystatin from Fasciola hepatica (FhCystatin) and expressed recombinant FhCystatin (rFhcystatin) to investigate the immune modulatory effects on lipopolysaccharide-induced proliferation, migration, cytokine secretion, nitric oxide (NO) production, and apoptosis in mouse macrophages. The FhCystatin gene encoded 116 amino acids and contained a conserved cystatin-like domain.

Volumetric apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) histogram metrics as imaging biomarkers for pretreatment predicting response to fertility-sparing treatment in patients with endometrial cancer.

Objectives: To investigate the feasibility of volumetric apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) histogram analysis for prediction of fertility-sparing treatment (FST) response in patients with endometrial cancer (EC).

Methods: Pretreatment data of 54 EC patients with FST were retrospectively analyzed. Treatment response at each follow-up was pathologically evaluated.

A Novel LysR Family Factor STM0859 is Associated with The Responses of Typhimurium to Environmental Stress and Biofilm Formation.

subsp. serovar Typhimurium (ST) is an intracellularly parasitic bacterium. This zoonotic pathogen causes food poisoning and thus imposes a severe threat to food safety.

sRNA STnc150 is involved in virulence regulation of Salmonella Typhimurium by targeting fimA mRNA.

Small RNAs (sRNAs) are essential virulent regulators in Salmonella typhimurium (STM). To explore the role of sRNA STnc150 in regulating STM virulence, we constructed a STnc150 deletion strain (ΔSTnc150) and its complementary strain (ΔSTnc150/C). Then, we compared their characteristics to their original parent strain experimentally, identified the target genes of STnc150 and determined the expression levels of target genes.

Molecular detection and genetic diversity of bovine papillomavirus in dairy cows in Xinjiang, China.

Background: Bovine papillomatosis is a type of proliferative tumor disease of skin and mucosae caused by bovine papillomavirus (BPV). As a transboundary and emerging disease in cattle, it poses a potential threat to the dairy industry.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to detect and clarify the genetic diversity of BPV circulating in dairy cows in Xinjiang, China.

Clinical and reproductive outcomes of uterine smooth muscle tumor of uncertain malignant potential: a single-center retrospective study.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical outcomes, histopathological features, and obstetric and oncological outcomes of uterine smooth muscle tumor of uncertain malignant potential (STUMP).

Methods: We conducted a single-center, database review of patients with STUMP between January 2001 and December 2015. We investigated the clinical, operative, histopathologic, recurrence, and fertility outcomes of the included cases.

Occurrence of Gastrointestinal Parasites in Camels in the Tianshan Mountains Pastoral Area in China.

Introduction: Gastrointestinal parasites are some of the most common pathogens which are seriously harmful to the camel's health. The infection status of gastrointestinal parasites in camels () in the Tianshan Mountains pastoral area in China is still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the species and infection intensity of gastrointestinal tract parasites in local camels.

Treatment efficiency of comprehensive hysteroscopic evaluation and lesion resection combined with progestin therapy in young women with endometrial atypical hyperplasia and endometrial cancer.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of comprehensive hysteroscopic evaluation and lesion resection combined with progestin therapy in young patients with endometrial atypical hyperplasia (EAH) and early stage endometrial cancer (EEC) who wished to preserve their fertility.

Methods: Patients with EAH (n = 120) or well-differentiated EEC (n = 40, FIGO stage IA, without myometrial invasion) were retrospectively included. All patients received constant oral progestin combined with hysteroscopic evaluation every 3 months until achieving complete response (CR).

A20-mediated deubiquitination of ERα in the microenvironment of CD163 macrophages sensitizes endometrial cancer cells to estrogen.

Continuous estrogen signaling is thought to be the main mechanism causing endometrial cancer (EC). Studies have demonstrated that CD163 macrophages could promote the development of estrogen-dependent EC, but the mechanisms involved remain unclear. We found that CD163 macrophages were the dominant macrophages in atypical endometrial hyperplasia and cancer, and their infiltration was positively associated with ERα expression.

Five cases of uterine perivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComas) and review of literature.

Objectives: Perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa) is a rare condition and the recognition of this condition is limited. Here we report five cases of uterine PEComa to add to the limited understanding of this rare condition.

Methods: Five cases from Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University were diagnosed as uterine PEComas.

Hypoxia is involved in the reduction of HtrA3 in patients with endometrial hyperplasia and cancer.

Endometrial cancer (EC) has recently become a major gynecological cancer and endometrial hyperplasia increases the risk for developing EC. Previous studies have reported that human high temperature requirement factor A3 (HtrA3), a member of ATP independent serine proteases family, is involved in endometrial carcinogenesis. However, the underlying mechanism of HtrA3 function is unclear in endometrial hyperplasia and cancer.

Risk factors for ovarian involvement in young and premenopausal endometrioid endometrial cancer patients.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the incidence of ovarian malignant involvement in young and premenopausal endometrioid endometrial cancer and study the possible risk factors.

Methods: Premenopausal patients 45 years of age or younger with endometrioid endometrial cancer treated at the OB/GYN Hospital of Fudan University between 2009 and 2013 were identified. The incidence of ovarian malignant involvement in young and premenopausal endometrioid endometrial cancer patients were calculated and the possible risk factors were investigated.

Risk Factors for Unsuccessful Office-Based Endometrial Biopsy: A Comparative Study of Office-Based Endometrial Biopsy (Pipelle) and Diagnostic Dilation and Curettage.

Study Objective: To determine the risk factors for Pipelle diagnostic failure, which might help healthcare providers choose the appropriate protocol for endometrial evaluation individually.

Design: A single-center prospective study (Canadian Task Force classification II).

Setting: The Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University.

Estrogen and high-fat diet induced alterations in C57BL/6 mice endometrial transcriptome profile.

Unopposed estrogen stimulation and insulin resistance are known to play important roles in endometrial cancer (EC), but the interaction between these two factors and how they contribute to endometrial lesions are not completely elucidated. To investigate the endometrial transcriptome profile and the associated molecular pathway alterations, we established an ovariectomized C57BL/6 mouse model treated with subcutaneous implantation of 17-β estradiol (E2) pellet and/or high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks to mimic sustained estrogen stimulation and insulin resistance. Histomorphologically, we found that both E2 and E2 + HFD groups showed markedly enlarged uterus and increased number of endometrial glands.

Increased TET1 Expression in Inflammatory Microenvironment of Hyperinsulinemia Enhances the Response of Endometrial Cancer to Estrogen by Epigenetic Modulation of GPER.

Insulin resistance (IR) has been well studied in the initiation and development of endometrial endometrioid carcinoma (EEC). As yet, it has been largely neglected for estrogen sensitivity in local endometrium in hyperinsulinemia-induced systemic microenvironment. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of insulin in regulating estrogen sensitivity and explore the potential mechanisms in insulin-driven inflammatory microenvironment.