Intelligent Generic High-Throughput Oscillatory Shear Technology Fabricates Programmable Microrobots for Real-Time Visual Guidance During Embolization.

Microrobots for endovascular embolization face challenges in precise delivery within dynamic blood vessels. Here, an intelligent generic high-throughput oscillatory shear technology (iGHOST) is proposed to fabricate diversely programmable, multifunctional microrobots capable of real-time visual guidance for in vivo endovascular embolization. Leveraging machine learning (ML), key synthesis parameters affecting the success and sphericity of the microrobots are identified.

Molecular Design of Phthalocyanine-Based Drug Coassembly with Tailored Function.

Coassemblies with tailored functions, such as drug loading, tissue targeting and releasing, therapeutic and/or imaging purposes, and so on, have been widely studied and applied in biomedicine. design of these coassemblies hinges on an integrated approach involving synergy between various design strategies, ranging from structure screening of combinations of "phthalocyanine-chemotherapeutic drug" molecules for molecular scaffolds, exploration of related fabrication principles to verification of intended activity of specific designs. Here, we propose an integrated approach combining computation and experiments to design from scratch coassembled nanoparticles.

Preparation of Nonfouling Zwitterionic Coatings by Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition under Ambient Pressure.

Nonspecific protein adsorption significantly impacts the performance of biomedical devices in both hemocompatibility and tissue compatibility. Polyzwitterionic coatings are a promising solution. However, conventional zwitterionic coatings always have to rely on sophisticated wet chemistry methods, leading to low controllability and high cost.

Tuning the Protonation Sensitivity of Weak Acidic Groups on a Zwitterionic Dendrimer for Selectively Targeting GD2-Overexpressed Tumor Cells in an Acidic Tumor Microenvironment.

Disialoganglioside (GD2) is one of the most popular overexpressed antigens for tumor cell targeting. However, GD2-specific antibodies often show unintended targeting to GD2-expressing health-maintaining cells due to the comparable binding affinities both at physiological pH and in a slightly acidic tumor microenvironment (TME). In this work, an affinity-switchable zwitterionic PAMAM G5 dendrimer (G5-3S) is developed for selective binding to GD2 only in a slightly acidic TME.

Metallic nano-warriors: Innovations in nanoparticle-based ocular antimicrobials.

Eye infection is one of the most important causes of blindness. Due to the particularity of ocular structure, the enhancement of bacteria resistance, and the significant side effects of long-term medication, it is difficult to treat ocular antimicrobial diseases. The efficacy of medications currently employed is progressively becoming more restricted.

Biomimetic nanocomplex based corneal neovascularization theranostics.

Corneal neovascularization (CNV) is a major cause of blindness worldwide. However, the recent drug treatment is limited by repeated administration and low drug bioavailability. In this work, SU6668 (an inhibitor of receptor tyrosine kinases) and indocyanine green (ICG) are loaded onto poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles, and then coated with anti-VEGFR2 single chain antibody (AbVr2 scFv) genetically engineered cell membrane vesicles.

Revolutionizing eye care: the game-changing applications of nano-antioxidants in ophthalmology.

Since the theory of free radical-induced aging was proposed in 1956, it has been constantly proven that reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by oxidative stress play a vital role in the occurrence and progression of eye diseases. However, the inherent limitations of traditional drug therapy hindered the development of ophthalmic disease treatment. In recent years, great achievements have been made in the research of nanomedicine, which promotes the rapid development of safe theranostics in ophthalmology.

Soluble Nanographene C: Synthesis and Applications for Synergistic Photodynamic/Photothermal Therapy.

Nanographene C, which consists of a planar graphenic plane containing 222 carbon atoms, holds the record as the largest planar nanographene synthesized to date. However, its complete insolubility makes the processing of C difficult. Here we addressed this issue by introducing peripheral substituents perpendicular to the graphene plane, effectively disrupting the interlayer stacking and endowing C with good solubility.

ICG-based laser treatments for ophthalmic diseases: Toward their safe and rapid strategy.

The eye is a very important organ, and keratitis, corneal neovascularization, floaters, age-related macular degeneration, and other vision problems have seriously affected people's quality of life. Among the ophthalmic treatments, laser photocoagulations have been proposed and have shown therapeutic effects in clinical settings. However, corneal thinning and bleeding lesions induced by laser damage have led to limit its applications.

A Synergistic Therapy With Antioxidant and Anti-VEGF: Toward its Safe and Effective Elimination for Corneal Neovascularization.

Corneal neovascularization (CNV) is one of the leading causes of blindness in the world. In clinical practice; however, it remains a challenge to achieve a noninvasive and safe treatment. Herein, a biocompatible shell with excellent antioxidant and antivascularity is prepared by co-assembly of epigallocatechin gallate/gallic acid and Cu (II).

B7H3 targeting gold nanocage pH-sensitive conjugates for precise and synergistic chemo-photothermal therapy against NSCLC.

Background: The combination of drug delivery with immune checkpoint targeting has been extensively studied in cancer therapy. However, the clinical benefit for patients from this strategy is still limited. B7 homolog 3 protein (B7-H3), also known as CD276 (B7-H3/CD276), is a promising therapeutic target for anti-cancer treatment.

A review on reactive oxygen species (ROS)-inducing nanoparticles activated by uni- or multi-modal dynamic treatment for oncotherapy.

Cancer seriously threatens human health. As compared to normal tissue cells, tumor cells are generally more susceptible to oxidative stress and accumulate higher concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Accordingly, nanomaterials-based therapies that boost intracellular ROS generation have recently been effective in targeting and eliminating cancer cells by causing programmed death.

An exploratory human study of superstable homogeneous lipiodol-indocyanine green formulation for precise surgical navigation in liver cancer.

The clinical applications of transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) conversion therapy combined with hepatectomy have been severely restricted by ill-defined tumoral boundaries and miniscule hidden lesions. Fluorescent surgical navigation is a promising method for overcoming these barriers. However, sufficient delivery of the fluorescent probe into the tumor region after long-term TAE is challenging due to blockade of the tumor-supplying artery.

Integrated Nanorod-Mediated PD-L1 Downregulation in Combination with Oxidative-Stress Immunogene Therapy against Cancer.

It is an engaging program for tumor treatment that rationalizes the specific microenvironments, activation of suppressed immune system (immune resistance/escape reversion), and synergistic target therapy. Herein, a biomimetic nanoplatform that combines oxidative stress with genetic immunotherapy to strengthen the therapeutic efficacy is developed. Ru-TePt nanorods, small interfering RNA (PD-L1 siRNA), and biomimetic cellular membrane vesicles with the targeting ability to design a multifunctional Ru-TePt@siRNA-MVs system are rationally integrated.

Nanosensitizer-mediated unique dynamic therapy tactics for effective inhibition of deep tumors.

X-ray and ultrasound waves are widely employed for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in clinic. Recently, they have been demonstrated to be ideal excitation sources that activate sensitizers for the dynamic therapy of deep-seated tumors due to their excellent tissue penetration. Here, we focused on the recent progress in five years in the unique dynamic therapy strategies for the effective inhibition of deep tumors that activated by X-ray and ultrasound waves.

mA reader hnRNPA2B1 drives multiple myeloma osteolytic bone disease.

Bone destruction is a hallmark of multiple myeloma (MM) and affects more than 80% of patients. Although previous works revealed the roles of N-methyladenosine (m6A) reader hnRNPA2B1 in the development of tumors, whether hnRNPA2B1 regulates bone destruction in MM is still unknown. Alizarin red S staining, TRAP staining, ELISA and quantitative real-time PCR assays were used to evaluate osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis .

Ruthenium-Based Metal-Organic Nanoradiosensitizers Enhance Radiotherapy by Combining ROS Generation and CO Gas Release.

A lack of targeting accuracy and radiosensitivity severely limits clinical radiotherapy. In this study, we developed a radiosensitizer comprised of Ru-based metal-organic nanostructures (ZrRuMn-MONs@mem) to optimize irradiation by maximizing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and CO release in X-ray-induced dynamic therapy (XDT). The well-designed nanostructures increase the direct absorption of radiation doses (primary radiation) and promote the deposition of photons and electrons (secondary radiation).

Metal Ion-Based Supramolecular Self-Assembly for Cancer Theranostics.

Metal-ion-based self-assembly supramolecular theranostics exhibit excellent performance in biomedical applications owing to their potential superiorities for simultaneous precise diagnosis, targeted drug delivery, and monitoring the response to therapy in real-time. Specially, the rational designed systems could achieve specific self-assembly through complexation or ionic interaction to improve tissue-specific accumulation, penetration, and cell internalization, thereby reducing toxicities of drugs in diagnostics and therapy. Furthermore, such imaging traceable nanosystems could provide real-timely information of drug accumulation and therapeutic effects in a non-invasive and safe manner.

A clinical trial of super-stable homogeneous lipiodol-nanoICG formulation-guided precise fluorescent laparoscopic hepatocellular carcinoma resection.

Background: Applying traditional fluorescence navigation technologies in hepatocellular carcinoma is severely restricted by high false-positive rates, variable tumor differentiation, and unstable fluorescence performance.

Results: In this study, a green, economical and safe nanomedicine formulation technology was developed to construct carrier-free indocyanine green nanoparticles (nanoICG) with a small uniform size and better fluorescent properties without any molecular structure changes compared to the ICG molecule. Subsequently, nanoICG dispersed into lipiodol via a super-stable homogeneous intermixed formulation technology (SHIFT&nanoICG) for transhepatic arterial embolization combined with fluorescent laparoscopic hepatectomy to eliminate the existing shortcomings.

Superior Fluorescent Nanoemulsion Illuminates Hepatocellular Carcinoma for Surgical Navigation.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the fifth most common cancer worldwide, poses a severe threat to public health. Intraoperative fluorescence imaging provides a golden opportunity for surgeons to visualize tumor-involved margins, thereby implementing precise HCC resection with minimal damage to normal tissues. Here, a novel-acting contrast agent, which facilely bridges indocyanine green (ICG) and lipiodol using self-emulsifying nanotechnology, was developed for optical surgical navigation.

Global Burden, Incidence and Disability-Adjusted Life-Years for Dermatitis: A Systematic Analysis Combined With Socioeconomic Development Status, 1990-2019.

Background: Dermatitis is an important global health problem that not only affects social interaction and physical and mental health but also causes economic burden. Health problems or distress caused by dermatitis may be easily overlooked, and relevant epidemiological data are limited. Therefore, a better understanding of the burden of dermatitis is necessary for developing global intervention strategies.

Application of Self-Assembly Nanoparticles Based on DVDMS for Fenton-Like Ion Delivery and Enhanced Sonodynamic Therapy.

Upon harnessing low-intensity ultrasound to activate sonosensitizers, sonodynamic therapy (SDT) induces cancer cell death through the reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated pathway. Compared with photodynamic therapy (PDT), SDT possesses numerous advantages, including deeper tissue penetration, higher accuracy, fewer side effects, and better patient compliance. Sinoporphyrin sodium (DVDMS), a sonosensitizer approved by the FDA, has drawn abundant attention in clinical research, but there are some deficiencies.