New genera and species of coniferous twig-inhabiting from China.

Species in the order M.E. Barr ex Minter (, ) develop on a wide range of host plants, but prefer conifers, such as species of and .

Mitochondrial genome and transcription of -like species reveal evolutionary aspects in protein-coding genes.

-related species are well-known bambusicolous fungi in class, with high value in traditional medicine for producing hypocrellin, as an anticipated photosensitiser. The complete mitogenomes of hypocrellin-producing strains were analysed in the present study, with functional gene variations through comparative genomics and transcriptomics. Five strains (ZZZ816, CNUCC1353PR, JAP103846, CNUCC C72, CNUCC C151) were sequenced, which indicated similar genome characteristics.

PB2 627V and HA 217 sites synergistically affect the lethality of H9N2 in mice.

The H9N2 subtype avian influenza virus (AIV) continues to propagate and undergo evolution within China, thereby posing a significant threat to the poultry industry. This study encompassed the collection of 436 samples and swabs in East China over the period spanning 2018 to 2019, from which 31 strains of the H9N2 subtype viruses were isolated and purified. We revealed that the HA and NA genes of the 31 isolates categorized within the Y280 branch, while the PB2 and M genes were associated with the G1 branch, and the remaining genes aligned with the F/98 branch.

Three new species of the genus (Hydnaceae, Cantharellales) from North China based on morphological and phylogenetic analysis.

possesses important ecological and economic value and has attracted extensive attention from mycologists. Macrofungal diversity is high in China, but species have not been thoroughly studied. In this study, based on morphological evidence and phylogenetic analyses of the nucleotide sequences of three loci (nrITS, nrLSU, and ), three new species of from North China were identified.

Bacteriophage defends murine gut from Escherichia coli invasion via mucosal adherence.

Bacteriophage are sophisticated cellular parasites that can not only parasitize bacteria but are increasingly recognized for their direct interactions with mammalian hosts. Phage adherence to mucus is known to mediate enhanced antimicrobial effects in vitro. However, little is known about the therapeutic efficacy of mucus-adherent phages in vivo.

Optimisation of hypocrellin production in -like fungi via genetic modification involving a transcription factor gene and a putative monooxygenase gene.

-like fungi, which are rare parasitic fungi found around bamboo, play an important role in traditional medicine. Their main active component, hypocrellin, is widely used in medicine, food, and cosmetics. By comparing strains with different hypocrellin yields, we identified a transcription factor () in the hypocrellin biosynthesis pathway.

Municipal pipeline networks as preferential vapor intrusion pathways: A review.

Recent reports show a rise in instances where municipal networks, such as sewer lines, serve as pathways for vapor intrusion (VI), enabling volatile organic compounds (VOCs) vapors to travel along these networks. These VOCs pose potential health risks to occupants of buildings connected to these networks. Currently, there's a lack of specific technical or regulatory guidance on identifying and assessing the VI risk associated with sewer as preferential VI pathways.

A Phylogenetic and Taxonomic Revision of , the Causal Agents of Anthracnose on .

Tea ( (L.) Kuntze) is one of the most important economic plants in China, and has many benefits for human health. Anthracnose is one of the most serious diseases of tea in China, and control of the fungus is important since most Chinese cultivars are susceptible to it.

Diversity and taxonomy of the genus (Amanitaceae, Agaricales) in the Yanshan Mountains, Northern China.

Globally, the species of are key components of ectomycorrhizal ecosystems. Some of them are widely known as poisonous or edible fungi. Although many new species from China have been described, the species diversity of Yanshan Mountains remains unknown.

Four new species of from China based on morphological and phylogenetic characterization.

() species are widely distributed globally and constitute a diverse group of pathogenic and endophytic fungi associated with a broad range of plant hosts. In this study, four new species of , i.e.

Simultaneous partial nitrification, denitrification, and phosphorus removal in sequencing batch reactors via controlled reduced aeration and short-term sludge retention time decrease.

Simultaneous bio-treatment processes of organic carbon (C)-, nitrogen (N)-, and phosphorus (P)-containing wastewater are challenged by insufficient carbon sources in the effluent. In the present study, two parallel anaerobic/aerobic sequencing batch reactors (R-1 and R-2) treating low C/N (≤4) wastewater were employed using different partial nitrification start-up strategies, controlled reduced aeration, and decreased sludge retention time. Advanced removal efficiencies for NH-N (≥96%), total nitrogen (TN, ≥86%), PO-P (≥95%), and COD (≥91%) were realized, with TN and PO-P effluent concentrations of 10.

A new study of : with two new species proposed and taxonomic status inferred by phylogenetic methods.

(, ) is a monotypic genus with a previously unknown systematic position. In this report, two new species are proposed, and These new taxa are proposed based on morphological characteristics evident via light microscopy and molecular data. Multi-locus phylogenetic analyses (ITS rDNA, nrLSU rDNA, , and ) show that specimens recently collected in Yunnan Province, China are closely related to .

Morphological Characteristics and Phylogeny Reveal Six New Species in Subgenus () from Yanshan Mountains, North China.

Species of the genus are key components of ectomycorrhizal ecosystems worldwide, some of which are famous edible fungi. Although many new species have been described in China, their diversity in North China is still poorly known. Based on the morphology observation of specimens and molecular phylogenetic analyses, combined with the current classification frame of , six new species of subgenus are proposed from the Yanshan Mountains in northern Beijing and northern Hebei Province of China in this study: viz.

Cage-modified hypocrellin against multidrug-resistant Candida spp. with unprecedented activity in light-triggered combinational photodynamic therapy.

Infections caused by multidrug-resistant fungi pose a devastating threat to human health worldwide, making new antifungal strategies urgently desired. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has gained increasing attention due to its potential in fighting against fungal infection. However, the preparation of highly efficient and water-soluble photosensitizers (PSs) for this purpose remains a challenge.

Three new species of (Agaricomycetes, Agaricales, Psathyrellaceae) from the Yanshan Mountains in China.

Three new species, , and , were found and described from Yanshan Mountains in China. The identification is based on morphological observation combined with phylogenetic analysis of ITS-LSU--. This study enriched the species diversity of in Yanshan Mountains and provided important data support for the systematic study of in the future.

Phylogenetic Position of -Like Endophytes on Bamboos and the Diverse Biosynthesis of Hypocrellin and Hypocrellin Derivatives.

The main active ingredients of the fruiting bodies of and are Hypocrellins, belonging perylenequinones with potential photodynamic activity against cancer and microbial diseases. However, the strains of and do not produce hypocrellins in culture, so resource exploitation of natural products was seriously restricted. In this study, a series of novel -like fungal endophyte strains, with varying sporulation ability and synthesizing diverse secondary metabolites, was isolated from different bamboos.

Species of on bamboos from China.

Twenty-seven isolates associated with asymptomatic tissues of bamboo (Bambusoideae, Gramineae) were isolated from Anhui, Beijing, and Guangxi in China. Based on multilocus (internal transcribed spacer [ITS], glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase [], chitin synthase [], actin [], beta-tubulin []) phylogenetic analyses and morphological characteristics, three species were distinguished, including two novel species, and , and one known species, , which is a first report for China. These species have hitherto only been discovered on Bambusoideae, indicating that they probably have host preference.

Targeted editing of transcriptional activator MXR1 on the Pichia pastoris genome using CRISPR/Cas9 technology.

A highly efficient and targeted clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 gene editing system was constructed for Pichia pastoris (syn Komagataella phaffii). Plasmids containing single guide RNA and the methanol expression regulator 1 (MXR1) homology arms were used to precisely edit the transcriptional activator Mxr1 on the P. pastoris genome.

New insights for enhancing the performance of constructed wetlands at low temperatures.

Constructed wetlands (CWs) have been widely utilized for various types of wastewater treatment due to their merits, including high cost-effectiveness and easy operation. However, a few intrinsic drawbacks have always restricted their application and long-term stability, especially their weak performance at temperatures under 10 °C (low temperatures) due to the deterioration of microbial assimilation and plant uptake processes. The existing modifications to improve CWs performance from the direct optimization of internal components to the indirect adjunction of external resources promoted the wastewater treatment efficiency to a certain degree, but the sustainability and sufficiency of pollutants removal remains a challenge.

Global identification of alternative splicing in Shiraia bambusicola and analysis of its regulation in hypocrellin biosynthesis.

Hypocrellins, as natural pigments from Shiraia bambusicola, have extensive applications in the agricultural, cosmetic, food, and feed industries, and play a vital role in photodynamic therapy for anticancer and antiviral treatments. However, environmental stresses are always the bottlenecks for increasing hypocrellin yield during the process of fermentation. Pre-mRNA alternative splicing (AS) is an essential mechanism in the defense of abiotic stresses in the animal and plant kingdom, but is seldom involved in fungi.

Three new species and a new combination of .

Triblidiaceae (Rhytismatales) currently consists of two genera: and . is the type genus and is characterised by melanized apothecia that occur scattered or in small clusters on the substratum, cleistohymenial (opening in the mesohymenial phase), inamyloid thin-walled asci and hyaline muriform ascospores. Before this study, only the type species, , had DNA sequences in the NCBI GenBank.

Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of various extracts from Engleromyces sinensis fruiting body.

Engleromyces sinensis, as rare macro-ascomycetes and traditional ethnomedicine in the southeast part of China, have been applied in anti-infection, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor for a long time. In this study, the antioxidant activities of ethyl acetate crude extract (EACE), acetone crude extract (ACE), 95% ethanol crude extract (ECE), methanol crude extract (MCE) and water crude extract (WCE) from E. sinensis fruiting body were investigated using conventional antioxidant assays in vitro for the first time.

Characterization and expression analysis of the WRKY gene family in moso bamboo.

The WRKY family of transcription factors (TFs) is one of the ten largest families of TFs in higher plants and has been implicated in multiple biological processes. Here, we identified 121 WRKY TFs in moso bamboo, including five novel members that were not annotated in the Phyllostachys edulis genomic database. Estimation of the divergence time of paralogous gene pairs revealed an important role of the recent whole-genome duplication in the expansion of the WRKY family.

Diversity and antimicrobial activity of culturable fungi from fishscale bamboo (Phyllostachys heteroclada) in China.

An important and useful bamboo species, fishscale bamboo (Phyllostachys heteroclada Oliver), is broadly distributed in Southeast China and has multiple purposes, including uses in cuisine, weaving, Chinese medicine and ecological protection. However, no previous studies have focused on the endophytes of this plant. In our article, a total of 127 fungal strains were first isolated from the healthy branches and leaves of common P.