Nanoplatform for synergistic therapy constructed via the co-assembly of a reduction-responsive cholesterol-based block copolymer and a photothermal amphiphile.

The goal of combination cancer therapy, including chemo-phototherapy, is to achieve highly efficient antitumor effects while minimizing the adverse reactions associated with conventional chemotherapy. Nevertheless, enhancing the contribution of non-chemotherapeutic strategies in combination therapy is often challenging because this requires multiple active ingredients to be encapsulated in a single delivery system. However, most commonly used photothermal reagents are challenging to be loaded in large quantities and have poor biocompatibility.

Dose-Response Relationship of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists on HbA1c and Body Weight in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

Objective: To explore the dose-response relationship of GLP-1 RAs in reducing HbA1c, body weight, and incidence of adverse events among T2DM patients.

Methods: This systematic review and network meta-analysis followed the PRISMA guidelines. We conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science for articles published up to October 20, 2024.

Anti-Tumor Effect and Mechanism Study of Caloric Restriction, Achieved by Time-Restricted Feeding, in Mice.

Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic effects and explore the mechanisms behind caloric restriction achieved through time-restricted feeding (CR) in inhibiting mouse tumors, providing a theoretical basis and data support for future CR diet-assisted anticancer treatment protocols.

Methods: C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice were divided into four cell line groups. Each group was further split into normal diet (ND) and a CR diet groups.

Reconstruct incomplete relation for incomplete modality brain tumor segmentation.

Different brain tumor magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) modalities provide diverse tumor-specific information. Previous works have enhanced brain tumor segmentation performance by integrating multiple MRI modalities. However, multi-modal MRI data are often unavailable in clinical practice.

Resistance mechanisms and potential therapeutic strategies in relapsed or refractory natural killer/T cell lymphoma.

Natural killer/T cell lymphoma (NKTCL) is a malignant tumor originating from NK or T cells, characterized by its highly aggressive and heterogeneous nature. NKTCL is predominantly associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection, disproportionately affecting Asian and Latin American populations. Owing to the application of asparaginase and immunotherapy, clinical outcomes have improved significantly.

A multifunctional nanocomposite coated with a BSA membrane for cascaded nitric oxide therapy.

Gas therapy based on nitric oxide (NO) has emerged as a potential therapeutic approach for cancer, and in conjunction with multi-mode combination therapy, offers new possibilities for achieving significant hyperadditive effects. In this study, an integrated AI-MPDA@BSA nanocomposite for diagnosis and treatment was constructed for PDA based photoacoustic imaging (PAI) and cascade NO release. Natural NO donor L-arginine (L-Arg) and photosensitizer (PS) IR780 were loaded into mesoporous polydopamine (MPDA).

Ainsliadimer A induces ROS-mediated apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells via directly targeting peroxiredoxin 1 and 2.

The peroxiredoxin (PRDX) family is a class of antioxidant enzymes with peroxidase activity. Human PRDXs currently have six members (PRDX1-6), which are gradually becoming potential therapeutic targets for major diseases such as cancer. In this study, we reported ainsliadimer A (AIN), a sesquiterpene lactone dimer with antitumor activity.

Multimodal Warnings Design for In-Vehicle Robots under Driving Safety Scenarios.

In case of dangerous driving, the in-vehicle robot can provide multimodal warnings to help the driver correct the wrong operation, so the impact of the warning signal itself on driving safety needs to be reduced. This study investigates the design of multimodal warnings for in-vehicle robots under driving safety warning scenarios. Based on transparency theory, this study addressed the content and timing of visual and auditory modality warning outputs and discussed the effects of different robot speech and facial expressions on driving safety.

Design of Proactive Interaction for In-Vehicle Robots Based on Transparency.

Based on the transparency theory, this study investigates the appropriate amount of transparency information expressed by the in-vehicle robot under two channels of voice and visual in a proactive interaction scenario. The experiments are to test and evaluate different transparency levels and combinations of information in different channels of the in-vehicle robot, based on a driving simulator to collect subjective and objective data, which focuses on users' safety, usability, trust, and emotion dimensions under driving conditions. The results show that appropriate transparency expression is able to improve drivers' driving control and subjective evaluation and that drivers need a different amount of transparency information in different types of tasks.

Biomarkers for predicting the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Immune checkpoint blockade has vastly changed the landscape of cancer treatment and showed a promising prognosis for cancer patients. However, there is still a large portion of patients who have no response to this therapy. Therefore, it's essential to investigate biomarkers to predict the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Long Noncoding RNA HOTAIRM1 Promotes Immunosuppression in Sepsis by Inducing T Cell Exhaustion.

Sepsis is an acute life-threatening disorder associated with multiorgan dysfunction that remains the leading cause of death in intensive care units. As sepsis progresses, it causes prolonged immunosuppression, which results in sustained mortality, morbidity, and susceptibility to secondary infections. Using a mouse model of sepsis, we found that the long noncoding RNA HOTAIRM1 (HOXA transcript antisense RNA myeloid-specific 1) was highly expressed in mice during the late phase of sepsis.

Detection and significance of main anchoring villus in early pregnancy.

Objective: To find and explore the relationship among the length of the embryo's main anchoring villus and the week of gestation, embryonic crown-rump length (CRL), and maternal blood human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) during early pregnancy using ultrasound.

Methods: A total of 108 women with singleton pregnancies underwent ultrasound examination of the fetus during the early months of their pregnancy (5 -13  weeks of pregnancy). The main anchoring villus was detected using HD-Flow and SlowflowHD mode ultrasound.

A bioluminescence reporter mouse strain for in vivo imaging of CD8 T cell localization and function.

CD8 T cells play a critical role during adaptive immune response, which often change locations and expand or contract in numbers under different states. In the past, many attempts to develop CD8T cells that express luciferase in vivo have involved the use of viral transduction, which has drawbacks of hardly tracked via detection of luciferase signal in untouched natural states. Here, we generate a transgenic mouse model via CRISPR-mediated genome editing, C57BL/6-CD8a knock-in mice(CD8a-Aka mice), as a novel tool for non-invasive imaging of CD8 T cells, which expressed a highly sensitive luciferase-Akaluciferase.

Robot Transparency and Anthropomorphic Attribute Effects on Human-Robot Interactions.

Anthropomorphic robots need to maintain effective and emotive communication with humans as automotive agents to establish and maintain effective human-robot performances and positive human experiences. Previous research has shown that the characteristics of robot communication positively affect human-robot interaction outcomes such as usability, trust, workload, and performance. In this study, we investigated the characteristics of transparency and anthropomorphism in robotic dual-channel communication, encompassing the voice channel (low or high, increasing the amount of information provided by textual information) and the visual channel (low or high, increasing the amount of information provided by expressive information).

Anatomic evidence shows that lymphatic drainage exists in the pituitary to loop the cerebral lymphatic circulation.

Respiratory infections can result in intracranial infections and unknown neurological symptoms. The central nervous system lacks classical meningeal lymphatic (circulation) drainage, and the exact underlying mechanisms of how immune cells from the peripheral lymphatic system enter the central nervous system (CNS) remain unknown. To determine whether the perinasal lymphatic system or lymphatic vessels are involved in cerebral immune defence and play a role in causing CNS infections (especially respiratory tract-related infections), we performed an anatomic study to investigate the drainage differences between the perinasal and intracerebral lymphatic systems by using injection of Evans blue and anatomic surgery, together with immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence assays.

Fault diagnosis in a current sensor and its application to fault-tolerant control for an air supply subsystem of a 50 kW-Grade fuel cell engine.

The safety, reliability and stability of air supply subsystems are still problems for the commercial applications of fuel cells; therefore, engine fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control are essential to protect the fuel cell stack. In this study, a fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control method based on artificial neural networks (ANNs) has been proposed. The offline ANN modification model was trained with a Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) algorithm based on other sensors' signals relevant to the current sensor of a 50 kW-grade fuel cell engine test bench.

Serum Calprotectin Levels and Outcome Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients with Diabetes and Acute Coronary Syndrome.

BACKGROUND A retrospective study of data from a prospective clinical registry was conducted to evaluate the prognostic role of serum calprotectin in patients with diabetes who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute coronary syndrome (ACS). MATERIAL AND METHODS Data were retrieved for 273 patients with diabetes mellitus who underwent PCI for primary ACS in a single center. Serum calprotectin levels were measured before PCI.

Methane and Nitrous Oxide Flux after Biochar Application in Subtropical Acidic Paddy Soils under Tobacco-Rice Rotation.

Biochar amendment is a good means of mitigating methane (CH) and nitrous oxide (NO) emissions. However, the effects of biochar amendment on NO and CH reduction in soil under rotation with different soil moisture contents is not well understood. To understand CH and NO flux from soil with biochar amendment under water-unsaturated and water-saturated conditions, a field experiment was conducted in a tobacco-rice rotation field in subtropical China to investigate NO and CH emissions following soil amendment with tobacco straw biochar at rates of 0, 10, 40 and 80 t·ha (B0, B10, B40 and B80, respectively).

GC/MS-based metabolomics strategy to analyze the effect of exercise intervention in diabetic rats.

Metabolomics was used to explore the effect of exercise intervention on type 2 diabetes. The rat model of type 2 diabetes was induced by an injection of streptozocin (30 mg/kg), after fed with 8-week high-fat diet. The rats were divided into three groups: the control group, the diabetic model group (DM) and the diabetes + exercise group (DME).

Exercise protects against diabetic cardiomyopathy by the inhibition of the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway in rats.

To explore the protective effect of exercise training on the injury of myocardium tissues induced by streptozotocin (STZ) in diabetic rats and the relationship with endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), the male sprague-dawley (SD) rats were fed with high-fat and high-sugar diet for 4 weeks, followed by intraperitoneal injection of STZ, 40 mg/kg, to establish a diabetes model, and then 10 rats were randomly selected as diabetes mellitus (DM) controls and 20 eligible diabetic rats were randomized into two groups: low-intensity exercise training (n = 10) and high-intensity exercise training (n = 10). After 12 weeks of exercise training, rats were killed and serum samples were used to determine cardiac troponin-I (cTn-I). Myocardial tissues were sampled for morphological analysis to detect myocardial cell apoptosis, and to analyze protein expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), and caspase-12.

Treadmill exercise alleviates diabetic cardiomyopathy by suppressing plasminogen activator inhibitor expression and enhancing eNOS in streptozotocin-induced male diabetic rats.

Objective: To investigate the biological mechanism of the effect of different intensity exercises on diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Methods: 87 raise specific pathogen SPF healthy 6-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats, fed 6 weeks with high-fat diet for rats were used, and a diabetic model was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin - randomly selected 43 rats were divided into Diabetic control group (DCG,  = 10), Diabetic exercise group 1 (DEG1,  = 11), Diabetic exercise group 2 (DEG2,  = 11) and Diabetic exercise group 3 (DEG3,  = 11). The rats in DEG1 were forced to run on a motorized treadmill, the exercise load consisted of running at a speed of 10 m/min, the exercise load of the rats in DEG2 were running at a speed of 15 m/min, the exercise load of the rats in DEG3 were running at a speed of 20 m/min, for one hour once a day for 6 weeks.

Reciprocal activation between PLK1 and Stat3 contributes to survival and proliferation of esophageal cancer cells.

Background & Aims: Aberrant activation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat)3 and overexpression of polo-like kinase (PLK)1 each have been associated with cancer pathogenesis. The mechanisms and significance of dysregulation of Stat3 and PLK1 in carcinogenesis and cancer progression are unclear. We investigated the relationship between Stat3 and PLK1 and the effects of their dysregulation in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells.