Structure Elucidation and Immunostimulatory Activity Evaluation of a Galactoglucan from Hance.

Hance has a medicinal history of thousands of years in treating cough, diabetes, and gastrointestinal system diseases, and it is also a medicine food homology (MFH) plant in China. To evaluate the pharmacological activities of polysaccharides from the rhizomes of , polysaccharides were initially obtained by hot-water extraction and the ethanol precipitation method. A homogenous polysaccharide designated as AOP-w was isolated by a DE-52 column.

Analysis of Herbal Constituents and In Vivo Pharmacokinetics of Gegen-Huangqi Decoction in Rat Plasma Using HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS and HPLC-QQQ-MS/MS.

The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, gegen-huangqi (GH) decoction, has been employed for over 200 years, notably for its therapeutic effects in treating conditions such as atherosclerosis and diabetes mellitus. Despite its long-standing use, comprehensive studies on the chemical constituents of GH and their in vivo pharmacokinetics (PK) remain limited. This study aimed to profile the bioactive compounds present in GH decoction and to explore their PK characteristics using HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS.

Glycyrrhizic acid and patchouli alcohol in Huoxiang Zhengqi attenuate intestinal inflammation and barrier injury via regulating endogenous corticosterone metabolism mediated by 11β-HSD1.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Ulcerative colitis (UC), a chronic inflammatory bowel disease, has become a significant public health challenge due to the limited effectiveness of available therapies. Huoxiang Zhengqi (HXZQ), a well-established traditional Chinese formula, shows potential in managing UC, as suggested by clinical and pharmacological studies. However, the active components and mechanisms responsible for its effects remain unclear.

Fabrication of sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin/glabridin inclusion complex for promoting bioactivities.

As the main active compound of Glycyrrhiza glabra L., glabridin (GLD) has been shown to have multiple bioactivities, whereas the clinical application of GLD is restricted by its low water solubility. In this study, GLD was encapsulated into a sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin (SBE-β-CD)-based inclusion complex (SBE-β-CD/GLD) by the freeze-drying method.

Arctigenin induces activated HSCs quiescence via AMPK-PPARγ pathway to ameliorate liver fibrosis in mice.

Arctigenin (ATG), a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, is a natural lignan compound extracted from the seeds of burdock (Arctium lappa L, Asteraceae). As a natural product with multiple biological activities, the effect and mechanism of ATG against liver fibrosis are not fully elucidated yet. In current work, we first discovered that ATG could improve CCl-induced liver injury reflected by lower plasma ALT and AST levels, liver coefficient and pathological scoring of ballooning.

Sub-high amylose maize starch: an ideal substrate to generate starch with lower digestibility by fermentation of Qu.

Background: The fermentation of Qu (FQ) is a novel method to modify the properties of starch to expand its application and especially to increase the resistant starch (RS) content. Using waxy maize starch (WMS) as a fermentation substrate can increase the RS content significantly but it may be time consuming and not cost effective due to the almost negligible RS content of WMS. To solve this problem, we hypothesized that sub-high amylose starch (s-HAMS), with an amylose content close to 50% could be an ideal substrate for FQ.

Increases the Level of Endoreplication of Plants through Its Interactions with and .

As a plant-specific endoreplication regulator, the SIAMESE-RELATED () family (a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor) plays an important role in plant growth and development and resistance to stress. Although the genes of the maize () family have been studied extensively, the (Zm00001eb231280) gene has not been reported. In this study, the function of this gene was characterized by overexpression and silencing.

Modulation of macrophages by a phillyrin-loaded thermosensitive hydrogel promotes skin wound healing in mice.

Background: Impaired wound healing in traumatic skin injuries remains a severe clinical challenge due to impaired re-vascularization, harmful bacteria infection, and inflammation dysregulation. Macrophages are recognized as prominent immune cells in tissue regeneration and wound healing. Consequently, the modulation of macrophages provides a promising therapeutic target for wound healing disorders.

Development and validation of a sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the assay of 12 substances in rat plasma and its application to rat pharmacokinetics of Epimedium and Psoraleae Fructus herb pair after oral administration.

Epimedium (EM) and Psoraleae Fructus (PF) are a traditional herb combination often used as a fixed form to treat osteoporosis disease in the clinic. However, the intricate interactions of this pair remain unknown. In our study, we undertook a comprehensive examination of their compatibility behaviors.

Newborn screening for primary carnitine deficiency using a second-tier genetic test.

Objectives: Newborn screening (NBS) for primary carnitine deficiency (PCD) exhibits suboptimal performance. This study proposes a strategy to enhance the efficacy of second-tier genetic screening by adjusting the cutoff value for free carnitine (C0).

Methods: Between January 2021 and December 2022, we screened 119,898 neonates for inborn metabolic disorders.

Novel HPD mutation p.A244V compound with p.T219M causing tyrosinemia type III in a Chinese girl and review of the genotype-phenotype spectrum.

Background: Hereditary tyrosinemia type III (HT III) is an extremely rare form of tyrosinemia, characterized by autosomal recessive inheritance and biallelic mutations in the HPD gene. The clinical presentation of HT III is variable and poorly understood, with symptoms ranging from developmental delay and intellectual impairment to seizures and intermittent ataxia. This study aimed to provide further insights into the clinical and genetic characteristics of HT III.

[Research and Design of Calibration Device for Medical Test Lung].

In order to solve the problems of quality control and traceability of medical test lung for meeting the calibration conditions of JJF 1234-2018 for , the calibration device and method are researched for compliance and airway resistance of medical test lung in this paper. A calibration device for medical test lung is designed using constant volume active piston technology to simulate human breathing. Through comparison experiment, the deviation between this device and the similar foreign device can be found.

Synthesis of the Isodityrosine Moiety of Seongsanamide A-D and Its Derivatives.

The concise and highly convergent synthesis of the isodityrosine unit of seongsanamide A-D and its derivatives bearing a diaryl ether moiety is described. In this work, the synthetic strategy features palladium-catalyzed C(sp)-H functionalization and a Cu/ligand-catalyzed coupling reaction. We report a practical protocol for the palladium-catalyzed mono-arylation of β-methyl C(sp)-H of an alanine derivative bearing a 2-thiomethylaniline auxiliary.

Pharmacokinetic and metabolite profile of orally administered anemoside B4 in rats with an improved exposure in formulations of rectal suppository.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Pulsatilla chinensis (Bunge) Regel is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine used to treat intestinal amebiasis, malaria, vaginal trichomoniasis, and bacterial infections. Anemoside B4 (AB4), a pentacyclic triterpenoid saponin, is one of the primary bioactive substances in Pulsatilla chinensis (Bunge) Regel, and gavage administration of AB4 to animals has been demonstrated to exhibit anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral actions. However, AB4 exposure in plasma is very low after oral administration, and the biotransformation of AB4 in vivo after oral administration remains unknown.

Starch granular size and multi-scale structure determine population patterns in bivariate flow cytometry sorting.

Bivariate flow cytometry (FC) sorting with forward scatter (FSC) and side scatter (SSC) is a recently established novel technique to separate starch granules. However, the forming mechanism of starch FC-dependent population patterns (i.e.

Incorporating second-tier genetic screening for multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency.

Background: Newborn screening (NBS) for multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MADD) has poor sensitivity. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of incorporating second-tier genetic screening for MADD.

Methods: A total of 453,390 newborns were screened for inherited metabolic disorders using tandem mass spectrometry from January 2017 to May 2022.

["Six-step strategy" for effective compounds in Chinese medicinal prescriptions based on in vitro-in vivo integration and its application in research on component-based Chinese medicine].

The discovery and identification of effective components are pivotal in the research on Chinese medicinal prescriptions. Given two basic conditions for effective components in Chinese medicinal prescriptions, i.e.

Screening and follow-up results of fatty acid oxidative metabolism disorders in 608 818 newborns in Jining, Shandong province.

To investigate the incidence and gene mutation characteristics of fatty acid oxidative metabolism disorders in Jining area of Shandong province , and to evaluate the therapeutic effect. Blood samples of newborns were collected in Jining of Shandong province between July 14, 2014 and December 31, 2019. Tandem mass spectrometry was used to determine the levels of carnitine and acylcarnitine in the blood to screen for fatty acid oxidative metabolism disorder.

Huangjinsan ameliorates adenine-induced chronic kidney disease by regulating metabolic profiling.

Chronic kidney disease is an increasingly serious public health problem worldwide. Our recent studies have shown that Huangjinsan has a renal protective effect on chronic kidney disease, but the specific mechanism by which this effect occurs is not clear. To study the therapeutic effect of Huangjinsan on chronic kidney disease and to explore its possible mechanism of action through nontargeted metabolomics methods, a chronic kidney disease rat model was induced by adenine, and the Huangjinsan extract was given by oral gavage.

The Novel Chinese Medicine JY5 Formula Alleviates Hepatic Fibrosis by Inhibiting the Notch Signaling Pathway.

Advanced liver fibrosis can lead to cirrhosis, resulting in an accelerated risk of hepatocellular carcinoma and liver failure. Fuzheng Huayu formula (FZHY) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula treated liver fibrosis in China approved by a Chinese State Food and Drug Administration (NO: Z20050546), composed of bge., (Carr.

Simultaneous Quantification of Four Compounds in Rat Plasma by HPLC-MS/MS and Its Application to Pharmacokinetic Study after Oral Administration of Pomegranate Flowers.

Pomegranate flowers (PFs) were reported to possess various biological activities such as antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activities, and using to treat diabetes. Although chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of PFs have been studied, unfortunately, there was no report on the pharmacokinetic profile of PFs in vivo. In this study, a selective high-performance liquid chromatography triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-QQQ-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for simultaneous quantification of four compounds (corilagin, ellagic acid, gallic acid and brevifolincarboxylic acid) in rat plasma after oral administration of PFs.

Systematic investigation on the anti-rheumatoid arthritis material basis and mechanism of Juan Bi Tang. Part 1: Integrating metabolic profiles and network pharmacology.

Previously, our cooperative team confirmed the chemical composition and anti-rheumatoid arthritis (RA) efficacy of Juanbi-Tang (JBT), a clinically and historically used traditional Chinese medicine formula, in two model animals. In this study, we developed an in vivo-in silico strategy to elucidate the anti-RA material basis and mechanism of JBT. With the aid of high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-Q-TOF), the metabolic profiles were investigated in normal and collagen-induced arthritis RA rats following oral administration of JBT.

Increased detection of primary carnitine deficiency through second-tier newborn genetic screening.

Background: Newborn screening for primary carnitine deficiency (NBS) is commonly implemented worldwide; however, it has poor sensitivity. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of improving screening by including a second-tier genetic assay.

Results: An Agena iPLEX assay was developed to identify 17 common SLC22A5 mutations in Chinese populations and was applied in NBS as a second-tier screening.

Identification of the absorbed ingredients and metabolites in rats after an intravenous administration of Tanreqing injection using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry.

The metabolic profiles of Tanreqing injection, which is a traditional Chinese medicine recommended for complementary administration to treat a novel coronavirus, have remained unclear, which inhibit the understanding of the effective chemical compounds of Tanreqing injection. In this study, a sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry method was used to identify the compounds and metabolites in various biosamples, including plasma, bile, liver, lung, kidney, urine, and feces, following the intravenous administration of Tanreqing injection in rats. A total of 89 compounds were characterized in the biosamples of Tanreqing injection-treated rats including 25 precursor constituents and 64 metabolites.

Efficacy and Metabolism of the Antimalarial Cycleanine and Improved Antiplasmodial Activity of Semisynthetic Analogues.

Bisbenzylisoquinoline (BBIQ) alkaloids are a diverse group of natural products that demonstrate a range of biological activities. In this study, the antiplasmodial activity of three BBIQ alkaloids (cycleanine [compound 1], isochondodendrine [compound 2], and 2'-norcocsuline [compound 3]) isolated from the Oliv. medicinal plant traditionally used for the treatment of malaria in Nigeria are studied alongside two semisynthetic analogues (compounds 4 and 5) of cycleanine.