Antibiotic-impregnated calcium sulfate for the treatment of pediatric hematogenous osteomyelitis.

Background: Antibiotic-impregnated calcium sulfate has excellent curative efficacy in chronic osteomyelitis. However, its curative efficacy in pediatric hematogenous osteomyelitis has not been sufficiently studied. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the curative effects of antibiotic-impregnated calcium sulfate in the treatment of pediatric hematogenous osteomyelitis.

Culture-negative chronic hematogenous osteomyelitis in a two months old girl: a case report.

Background: Previous articles have focused on the diagnosis and treatment of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis. Here, we present a case of chronic hematogenous osteomyelitis in a 2-month-old girl. The diagnostic procedure was unusual and difficult due to negative culture results.

One-stage debridement and bone transport versus first-stage debridement and second-stage bone transport for the management of lower limb post-traumatic osteomyelitis.

Background: Treatment of lower limb post-traumatic osteomyelitis used to be a staged process, with radical debridement of bone and soft tissues at first stage, followed by a second-stage limb reconstruction operation to restore the limb integrity. Some studies recently reported that achieving infection eradication and limb reconstruction at single-stage seems to be an effective method for lower limb infection, but a comparative study remains lacking. This study aims to compare the results of radical debridement combined with a first/second-staged osteotomy and bone transport, for the management of lower limb post-traumatic osteomyelitis.

Unprecedented tibial bone lengthening of 33.5 cm by distraction osteogenesis for the reconstruction of a subtotal tibial bone defect. A case report and literature review.

Background: We present a case of an immense unprecedented tibial bone lengthening of 33.5 cm. The management of chronic osteomyelitis of the right tibia with subtotal tibial bone defect, talus defect and equinus ankle deformity.

Intramedullary reaming and irrigation and antibiotic-loaded calcium sulfate implantation for the treatment of infection after intramedullary nailing: a retrospective study of 19 cases.

Background: The incidence of intramedullary infection is increasing with increased use of intramedullary fixation for long bone fractures. However, appropriate treatment for infection after intramedullary nailing is unclear. The purpose of this study was to report the results of our treatment protocol for infection after intramedullary nailing: intramedullary nail removal, local debridement, reaming and irrigation, and antibiotic-loaded calcium sulfate implantation with or without segmental bone resection and distraction osteogenesis.

Single-stage treatment of chronic localized tibial osteomyelitis with local debridement and antibiotic-loaded calcium sulfate implantation: a retrospective study of 42 patients.

Background: Although various methods have been introduced, the management of chronic tibial osteomyelitis remains a challenge. This study aims to assess a combined treatment method, local debridement combined with antibiotic-loaded calcium sulfate implantation, for the management of the local (Cierny-Mader type III) tibial osteomyelitis.

Methods: Forty-two patients (43 limbs) with type III tibial osteomyelitis, from January 2012 to December 2018, who received the treatment method mentioned above were included in the study.

Extensive eggshell-like debridement technique plus antibiotic-loaded calcium sulphate for one-stage treatment of chronic calcaneal osteomyelitis.

Background: Management of chronic calcaneal osteomyelitis is challenging. At present, there is still no widely accepted, simple, and effective surgical method to eradicate the infection and prevent osteomyelitis recurrence. The objective of this study was to assess the outcomes of one-stage treatment of chronic calcaneal osteomyelitis with a shape-preserving debridement technique combined with antibiotic-loaded calcium sulphate.

Infected bone resection plus adjuvant antibiotic-impregnated calcium sulfate versus infected bone resection alone in the treatment of diabetic forefoot osteomyelitis.

Background: Managing with diabetic foot osteomyelitis (DFO) is challenging. Even after infective bone resection and thorough debridement, DFO is still difficult to cure and has a high recurrence rate. This retrospective study aims to compare the outcomes of two treatment methods, infected bone resection combined with adjuvant antibiotic-impregnated calcium sulfate and infected bone resection alone, for the treatment of diabetic foot osteomyelitis.

Calcium sulfate induced versus PMMA-induced membrane in a critical-sized femoral defect in a rat model.

Aimed to investigate the characteristics of CS-induced membrane in comparison with the PMMA-induced membrane. Cellular components, histological changes, growth factor expressions of IL-6, VEGF, BMP-2, and TGF-β1 in the two induced membranes were compared at 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks, respectively. We also compared the histological changes at the bone defects between CS and PMMA groups.

A rabbit model of implant-related osteomyelitis inoculated with biofilm after open femoral fracture.

Currently, animal models used in research on implant-associated osteomyelitis primarily use intramedullary fixation and initial inoculum of planktonic bacterial cells. However, these techniques have certain limitations, including lack of rotational stability and instable inoculation. To improve these models, the present study aimed to establish a novel rabbit model of implant-associated osteomyelitis using biofilm as the initial inoculum following plate fixation of the femoral fracture.

Serum TNF-α, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and IL-6 are more valuable biomarkers for assisted diagnosis of extremity chronic osteomyelitis.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the values of preoperative serum levels of white blood cell, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, IL-6, TNF-α and serum amyloid A for diagnosis of chronic osteomyelitis (COM) in Chinese patients.

Methods: All 586 eligible patients were included for analysis.

Results: Outcomes revealed that positive ratios of TNF-α, ESR and IL-6 lied in top three.

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) polymorphism rs689466 may contribute to the increased susceptibility to post-traumatic osteomyelitis in Chinese population.

Background: Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme is one of the major mediators during inflammation reactions, and COX-2 gene polymorphisms of rs20417 and rs689466 have been reported to be associated with several inflammatory diseases. However, potential links between the two polymorphisms and risk of developing post-traumatic osteomyelitis remain unclear. The present study aimed to investigate associations between the rs20417 and rs689466 polymorphisms and susceptibility to post-traumatic osteomyelitis in Chinese population.

Safe Zone of Posterior Screw Insertion for Talar Neck Fractures on 3-Dimensional Reconstruction Model.

Objective: To investigate the optimal posterior screw placement and the geometry of safe zones for screw insertion in the talar neck.

Methods: Computed tomography data for 15 normal feet were imported into Mimics 10.01 software for 3-dimensional reconstruction; 4.

Association of vitamin D receptor gene TaqI, BsmI, FokI and ApaI polymorphisms and susceptibility to extremity chronic osteomyelitis in Chinese population.

Previous studies have indicated that vitamin D receptor (VDR) TaqI, BsmI, FokI and ApaI gene polymorphisms are associated with the risk of several inflammatory diseases. However, potential association of the VDR gene polymorphisms with susceptibility to extremity chronic osteomyelitis remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate link between VDR gene polymorphisms and the risk of extremity chronic osteomyelitis in Chinese population.

Possibility of one-stage surgery to reconstruct bone defects using the modified Masquelet technique with degradable calcium sulfate as a cement spacer: A case report and hypothesis.

In addition to autologous bone graft, vascularized fibular autograft and Ilizarov bone transfer, the Masquelet technique is another effective method to reconstruct bone defects. This technique was initially proposed in 1986 and consists of two stages. At the first stage, radical debridement is required and subsequently, a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) cement spacer is implanted at the site of the bone defects.

Periosteal osteosarcoma and Marfan's syndrome: A case report and literature review.

Periosteal osteosarcoma (POS) is a rare primary malignant bone tumor arising from the surface of long bones. In addition, Marfan's syndrome (MFS) is an infrequent hereditary autosomal dominant connective tissue disorder with high penetrance and variable phenotypes, which primarily affects the ocular, skeletal and cardiovascular systems. The present study reported a case of POS and MFS co-occurring in a child.

Is surgical treatment better than conservative treatment for primary patellar dislocations? A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Despite several randomized controlled trials comparing operative to nonoperative management of primary patellar dislocation, the optimal management of this condition remains a subject of controversy. The aim of this study was to compare surgical to conservative treatment of outcomes for primary patellar dislocation by meta-analysis all the relative randomized controlled trials.

Study Design: Meta-analysis.

Clinical Characteristics and Treatment of Extremity Chronic Osteomyelitis in Southern China: A Retrospective Analysis of 394 Consecutive Patients.

Although extremity chronic osteomyelitis is common in China, updated data were still limited regarding its characterizations. The present study aimed to review clinical features of extremity chronic osteomyelitis in Southern China.A retrospective analysis was conducted in the patients who had sought medical attention from January 2010 to April 2015 for extremity chronic osteomyelitis in Nanfang Hospital in Southern China.

Aucubin prevents interleukin-1 beta induced inflammation and cartilage matrix degradation via inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway in rat articular chondrocytes.

Proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Osteoarthritis (OA) by stimulating several mediators contributed to cartilage degradation. Aucubin, a natural compound derived from plants which has been shown to possess diverse biological activities including anti-inflammatory property, may benefit the IL-1β stimulated chondrocytes. The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of Aucubin on IL-1β stimulated rat chondrocytes.

A retrospective analysis of 140 patients with giant cell tumor in the extremity: a multicenter study based on four hospitals in South China.

Background: Update reports are rarely available regarding the bone giant cell tumors (GCTs) in the extremity in Chinese people. The aim of this study was to review the epidemiological characteristics of bone GCT in the extremity based on the clinical data from four hospitals in South China.

Methods: We searched medical electronic records from January 2001 to December 2011 in four hospitals in South China to identify patients with definite diagnosis of extremity GCT.

Sequential therapy of vacuum sealing drainage and free-flap transplantation for children with extensive soft-tissue defects below the knee in the extremities.

Purpose: The aim of the study is to evaluate the surgical technique and clinical significance of the sequential therapy of vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) and free-flap transplantation for children with extensive soft-tissue defects below the knee in the extremities.

Methods: Twenty-two children (aged from 3 to 10 years) received sequential therapy of VSD and free-flap transplantation. All cases suffered from extensive area soft-tissue defects and exposure or partial defects of bones, tendons and other deep tissues.

[Effect of intra-articular ozone injection on serum and synovial TNF-α, TNFR I, and TNFR II contents in rats with rheumatoid arthritis].

Objective: To observe the effects of intra-articular ozone injection at different concentrations on the contents of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), TNF receptor I (TNFR I), and TNFR II in the serum and synovium of rats with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and explore the therapeutic mechanism of ozone in RA treatment.

Methods: Forty-eight Wistar rats were randomized into 8 groups, including 5 ozone groups receiving intra-articular injection of 10, 20, 30, 40 or 50 µg/ml ozone, a blank control group, an oxygen group and a RA model group. All the rats, except for those in the blank control group, were subjected to hypodermic injection of bovine collagen II and complete Freunds adjuvant to induce RA.

Measurement of rotational alignment of the distal femur in total knee arthroplasty.

Objectives: To measure and compare the included angle between the surgical transepicondylar axis (STEA) and the posterior condylar line (PCL) and the included angle between the femoral anteroposterior line (APL) and PCL, and to discuss the value of STEA, APL, and PCL as rotational alignment landmarks of the distal femur in total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Methods: Seventy-five normal femoral specimens from Chinese adult cadavers were randomly selected. An axial photograph of every femoral specimen was taken with a digital camera and put into a personal computer.

[Ultrastructural changes of the skeletal muscle cells of rats subjected to exhausting exercises and the protective effect of vitamin E].

Objective: To investigate the ultrastructural changes of the mitochondria in the skeletal muscle cells of rats subjected to repeated exhausting exercises on treadmill and the protective effect of oral vitamin E.

Methods: Thirty male SD rats were randomized into control group (n=10), exhausting exercise group (n=10) and exhausting exercise group with oral vitamin E treatment (n=10), with the latter two groups taking repeated exhausting running exercises on the treadmill in a course of 4 weeks. At the end of the course of exercises, the rats were sacrificed and the quadriceps femoris muscles isolated for observation the ultrastructures of the skeletal muscle cells by transmission electron microscope (TEM).