The Role of Metal Tolerance Proteins (MTPs) Associated with the Homeostasis of Divalent Mineral Elements in Ga-Treated Rice Plants.

Mineral elements typically act as transported substrates for metal tolerance proteins (MTPs). The chelation of MTPs with heavy metal ions is a suggestive detoxification pathway in plants; therefore, the trade-off between transporting mineral elements and chelating excess toxic metal ions is inevitable. Gallium (Ga) is an emerging pollutant associated with high-tech industries.

The Accumulation of Abscisic Acid Increases the Innate Pool of Soluble Phenolics through Polyamine Metabolism in Rice Seedlings under Hexavalent Chromium Stress.

Potential toxic element (PTE) pollution has emerged as a significant environmental and social concern in global agriculture. Chromium (Cr) occurs in different oxidation states naturally, among them Cr(VI), which is highly toxic. This study carried out biochemical and molecular tests to elucidate the accumulation of total soluble phenolics (TSPs) in rice plants exposed to Cr(VI) at 2.

Elucidating the intricacies of the HS signaling pathway in gasotransmitters: Highlighting the regulation of plant thiocyanate detoxification pathways.

In recent decades, there has been increasing interest in elucidating the role of sulfur-containing compounds in plant metabolism, particularly emphasizing their function as signaling molecules. Among these, thiocyanate (SCN), a compound imbued with sulfur and nitrogen, has emerged as a significant environmental contaminant frequently detected in irrigation water. This compound is known for its potential to adversely impact plant growth and agricultural yield.

Expanding the Hydrophobic Cavity Surface of Azocalix[4]arene to Enable Biotin/Avidin Affinity with Controlled Release.

The development of artificial receptors that combine ultrahigh-affinity binding and controllable release for active guests holds significant importance in biomedical applications. On one hand, a complex with an exceedingly high binding affinity can resist unwanted dissociation induced by dilution effect and complex interferents within physiological environments. On the other hand, stimulus-responsive release of the guest is essential for precisely activating its function.

Boron deficiency decreased the root activity of Ga-exposed rice seedlings by reducing iron accumulation and increasing Ga in iron plaque.

Gallium (Ga) is an emerging chemical pollutant chiefly associated with high-tech industries. Boron (B) alleviates the negative effects of toxic elements on plant growth. Thereby, the effects of B fertilization on Ga toxicity in rice seedlings was studied to clarify the role of iron plaque in the distribution of Ga, Fe, and B in Ga-treated rice seedlings in the presence or absence of B.

Gaseous signaling molecule HS as a multitasking signal molecule in ROS metabolism of Oryza sativa under thiocyanate (SCN) pollution.

The induction of disruption in the electronic transport chain by thiocyanate (SCN) leads to an excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within rice (Oryza sativa). Hydrogen sulfide (HS) assumes a crucial role as a gaseous signaling molecule, holding significant potential in alleviating SCN-related stress. Nevertheless, there remains a dearth of understanding regarding the intricate interplay between HS and ROS in Oryza sativa amidst SCN pollution.

Individual and mutual effects of elevated carbon dioxide and temperature on salt and cadmium uptake and translocation by rice seedlings.

Plant kingdoms are facing increasingly harsh environmental challenges marked by the coexposure of salinity and pollution in the pedosphere and elevated CO and temperature in the atmosphere due to the rapid acceleration of industrialization and global climate change. In this study, we deployed a hydroponics-based experiment to explore the individual and mutual effects of different temperatures (low temperature, T1: 23°C; high temperature, T2: 27°C) and CO concentrations (ambient CO: 360 ppm; medium CO: 450 ppm; high CO: 700 ppm) on the uptake and translocation of sodium chloride (NaCl, 0.0, 0.

Spatial-temporal variations of proline and related amino acids reveal distinct nitrogenous utilization strategies in rice during detoxification of exogenous cyanide.

Cyanide (CN) pollution in agricultural systems impairs amino acid metabolism in rice plants, hence decreasing their quality and yield. Meanwhile, little is known about the effects of CN assimilation on the innate pool of proline (Pro) and its synthesis-related amino acids (Pro-AAs) in rice plants. In this study, a hydroponic experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of exogenous KCN on indigenous levels of Pro-AAs, i.

Evaluating the significance of amino acids (AAs) in cyanide-treated rice plants under different nitrogen fertilization using the relative importance index of AA.

The biosynthesis of amino acids (AAs) in plants is affected by different nitrogen (N) sources. The effects of exogenous cyanide (KCN) on the concentrations and profiles of AAs in rice seedlings were carried out in the presence of nitrate (+NO)/ammonium (+NH) or N deficiency (-N). Targeted metabolomics analysis indicated that the highest accumulation of AAs in CN-treated rice seedlings was detected in the "CN+NH" treatments than in other treatments, wherein the doses of exogenous KCN did not significantly affect the total amount of AAs in rice seedlings at the same N fertilized condition.

Transcriptional analysis of heavy metal P-ATPases (HMAs) elucidates competitive interaction in metal transport between cadmium and mineral elements in rice plants.

Cadmium (Cd) pollution has become a major threat to crop production and quality globally. The heavy metal P-ATPases (HMAs) play a crucial role in metal transport in plants. In the present study, we investigated the interaction in metal transport by HMAs between Cd and mineral elements in rice plants.

Implications of the fate of hydrogen sulfide derived from assimilation of thiocyanate in rice plants.

Thiocyanate (SCN) is a sulfur-containing pollutant, which is frequently detected in irrigation water and has negative effects on plant growth and crop yields. Uptake and assimilation of exogenous SCN in rice plants was evident, in which two metabolic pathways, carbonyl sulfide (COS) and cyanate (CNO), are activated. Hydrogen sulfide (HS) is an important concomitant derived from detoxification of exogenous SCN in rice plants, which may cause coupling action on the endogenous source of HS from sulfur metabolism.

Involvement of β-cyanoalanine synthase (β-CAS) and sulfurtransferase (ST) in cyanide (CN) assimilation in rice seedlings.

In spite of available information demonstrating the assimilation of cyanide (CN) by β-cyanoalanine synthase (β-CAS) in plants, involvement of sulfurtransferase (ST) in CN assimilation in rice plants is still undefined. In this study, a microcosmic hydroponic system was used to investigate the involvement of β-cyanoalanine synthase (β-CAS) and sulfurtransferase (ST) in the CN assimilation in rice seedlings under the exposure of potassium cyanide (KCN) in presence or absence of 1-amino-cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC). Our results indicated that the measurable thiocyanate (SCN) was detected in both rice roots and shoots under KCN exposure, and the abundances of ST-related transcripts were up-regulated significantly (p < 0.

Integration of RT-qPCR analysis and grey situation decision-making model for evaluating the effects of plant growth regulators on the gene expression in rice seedlings under thiocyanate exposure.

Thiocyanate (SCN) present in irrigation water can have negative effects on plant growth and crop yields. Addition of plant growth regulators (PGRs) can alleviate toxic stress to plants. In the current study, we established a grey situation decision-making model (GSDM) to integrate the data of RT-qPCR analysis for screening the optimal addition of PGRs to minimise pollution stress.

Assimilation of exogenous cyanide cross talk in Oryza sativa L. to the key nodes in nitrogen metabolism.

Exogenous cyanide (CN) effects on nitrogen (N) uptake, transport, and assimilation in rice seedlings were investigated at the biochemical and molecular levels. Seedlings were treated with either a 2-d or 4-d supply of potassium cyanide (KCN) in the nutrient solution containing nitrate (NO) or ammonium (NH). Although a KCN-induced increase was recorded in the activity of β-cyanoalanine synthase (β-CAS) in rice tissues of both NH-fed and NO-fed seedlings, the former showed a significantly greater assimilation rate for CN than the latter.

[Establishment of a SD rat model of vulvar lichen simplex chronicus and detection of the expression of protease activated receptor 2].

Objective: To establish a SD rat model of vulvar lichen simplex chronicus (LSC) and investigate the expression of protease activated receptor 2 (PAR2) in the genital skin.

Methods: Seventy female SD rats were randomly divided into group A (blank control group, n=10), group B (with application of acetone solution 3 times per week for 10 weeks, n=10), group C (with chronic mechanical irritation 3 times per week for 10 weeks, n=10), and group D (with topical treatment with 0.5= 7,12-Dimethylbenzanthracene [DMBA] in acetone solution and chronic mechanical irritation 3 times per week for 10 weeks, n=40).

[Relationship between PMI and ATR-FTIR Spectral Changes in Swine Costal Cartilages and Ribs].

Objective: To analyze postmortem chemical changes in Landrace costal cartilages and ribs using attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, and to provide a novel technique for estimation of postmortem interval (PMI).

Methods: The swines were sacrificed by hemorrhage and their costal cartilages and ribs were kept in 20 degrees C. The chemical analysis of the costal cartilages and ribs were performed using ATR-FTIR every 72 h.

Clinical outcome of medium-sized hepatocellular carcinoma treated with microwave ablation.

Aim: To evaluate the outcomes of patients with medium-sized hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who underwent percutaneous microwave ablation (MWA).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all patients with a single medium-sized HCC who underwent percutaneous MWA from January 2010 to January 2013. Technical success, technical effectiveness and complications were subsequently observed.

[Short and long-term efficacy of focused ultrasound therapy for vulva dystrophy].

Objective: To investigate the short and long-term efficacy and complications, as well as the influential factors of focused ultrasound for the treatment of vulva dystrophy.

Methods: Seventy-six eligible patients with vulva dystrophy were randomized and treated with focused ultrasound between 1999 and 2002. Among them, 45 patients were with squamous hyperplasia (SH) and 31 patients were with lichen sclerosus (LS).