Divergent Angular Representation for Open Set Image Recognition.

Open set recognition (OSR) models need not only discriminate between known classes but also detect unknown class samples unavailable during training. One promising approach is to learn discriminative representations over known classes with strong intra-class similarity and inter-class discrepancy. Then, the powerful class discrimination learned from the known classes can be extended to known and unknown classes.

Stacking-Based Deep Neural Network: Deep Analytic Network for Pattern Classification.

Stacking-based deep neural network (S-DNN) is aggregated with pluralities of basic learning modules, one after another, to synthesize a deep neural network (DNN) alternative for pattern classification. Contrary to the DNNs trained from end to end by backpropagation (BP), each S-DNN layer, that is, a self-learnable module, is to be trained decisively and independently without BP intervention. In this paper, a ridge regression-based S-DNN, dubbed deep analytic network (DAN), along with its kernelization (K-DAN), are devised for multilayer feature relearning from the pre-extracted baseline features and the structured features.