Validating ICD-10 Diagnosis Codes for Guillain-Barré Syndrome in Taiwan's National Health Insurance Claims Database.

Purpose: To validate the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10) codes for Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) in Taiwan's insurance claims database.

Methods: We identified adult patients hospitalized at any Chang Gung Memorial Foundation branch hospital between January 1st, 2017, and December 31st, 2022, with ICD-10 code G61.0 in any of the five discharge diagnosis positions, indicating possible Guillain-Barré syndrome.

Comparative effectiveness and safety of direct oral anticoagulants and warfarin in atrial fibrillation patients with dementia.

Introduction: Developing an effective stroke prevention strategy is crucial for elderly atrial fibrillation (AF) patients with dementia. This is due to the limited and inconsistent evidence available on this topic. In this nationwide, population-based cohort study, we aim to compare the effectiveness and safety of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) and warfarin in AF patients with dementia.

Associations of diabetes status and glucose measures with outcomes after endovascular therapy in patients with acute ischemic stroke: an analysis of the nationwide TREAT-AIS registry.

Background: Hyperglycemia affects the outcomes of endovascular therapy (EVT) for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). This study compares the predictive ability of diabetes status and glucose measures on EVT outcomes using nationwide registry data.

Methods: The study included 1,097 AIS patients who underwent EVT from the Taiwan Registry of Endovascular Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Characteristics and risk of stroke in emergency department patients with acute dizziness.

Background: Acute dizziness is a common symptom in the emergency department (ED), with strokes accounting for 3 %-5 % of cases. We investigated the risk of stroke in ED patients with acute dizziness and compared stroke characteristics diagnosed during and after the ED visit.

Methods: We identified adult patients with acute dizziness, vertigo, or imbalance using a hospital research-based database.

Outcomes with General Anesthesia Compared to Conscious Sedation for Endovascular Treatment of Medium Vessel Occlusions: Results of an International Multicentric Study.

Background: Optimal anesthetic strategy for the endovascular treatment of stroke is still under debate. Despite scarce data concerning anesthetic management for medium and distal vessel occlusions (MeVOs) some centers empirically support a general anesthesia (GA) strategy in these patients.

Methods: We conducted an international retrospective study of MeVO cases.

Incidence and clinical outcomes of perforations during mechanical thrombectomy for medium vessel occlusion in acute ischemic stroke: A retrospective, multicenter, and multinational study.

Background: Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) has revolutionized the treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to large vessel occlusion (LVO), but its efficacy and safety in medium vessel occlusion (MeVO) remain less explored. This multicenter, retrospective study aims to investigate the incidence and clinical outcomes of vessel perforations (confirmed by extravasation during an angiographic series) during MT for AIS caused by MeVO.

Methods: Data were collected from 37 academic centers across North America, Asia, and Europe between September 2017 and July 2021.

Chronopharmacology of diuresis via metabolic profiling and key biomarker discovery of the traditional Chinese prescription Ji-Ming-San using tandem mass spectrometry in rat models.

Background: Ji-Ming-Shan (JMS) is a traditional prescription used for patients with rheumatism, tendons swelling, relief of foot pain, athlete's foot, diuresis, gout. Although many studies have investigated the active compounds in each herb, the functional mechanism behind its therapeutic effect remains unclear.

Study Design: Metabolic cages for sample collection.

Anti-COVID-19, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anti-Osteoarthritis Activities of Sesamin from L.

During the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) outbreak, many people were infected, and the symptoms may persist for several weeks or months for recovering patients. This is also known as "long COVID" and includes symptoms such as fatigue, joint pain, muscle pain, et cetera. The COVID-19 virus may trigger hyper-inflammation associated with cytokine levels in the body.

Sesamin: A Promising Therapeutic Agent for Ameliorating Symptoms of Diabetes.

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by improperly regulating proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids due to insulin deficiency or resistance. The increasing prevalence of diabetes poses a tremendous socioeconomic burden worldwide, resulting in the rise of many studies on Chinese herbal medicines to discover the most effective cure for diabetes. Sesame seeds are among these Chinese herbal medicines that were found to contain various pharmacological activities, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, lowering cholesterol, improving liver function, blood pressure and sugar lowering, regulating lipid synthesis, and anticancer activities.

Herpes zoster associated with stroke incidence in people living with human immunodeficiency virus: a nested case-control study.

Background: The incidence of stroke is increasing among younger people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The burden of stroke has shifted toward the young people living with HIV, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. People infected with herpes zoster (HZ) were more likely to suffer stroke than the general population.

Risk of Thrombosis Following the First Dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Vaccine in Patients Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis: A Self-Controlled Case Series Study.

Background: The ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine is associated with vaccine-induced thrombosis and thrombocytopenia (VITT). Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) under hemodialysis are at elevated risk of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, which shares similar mechanisms with VITT. We aimed to examine the risk of VITT after the first dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine using a self-controlled case series analysis (SCCS) in the hemodialyzed ESRD population.

Identification for metabolism profiles and pharmacokinetic studies of tradition Chinese prescription Ji-Ming-San and its major metabolites in rats by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS and UHPLC-MS/MS.

Ji-Ming-Shan (JMS) is a traditional prescription use for patients with rheumatism, tendons swelling, athlete's foot, diuresis and even gout. This study developed a rapid and sensitive method for the analysis of JMS chemical components in the Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription and in the serum samples of rats which were administered with the herbal extract. Two mass spectrometric approaches were used namely Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) method for the major metabolites of the JMS extract while Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was employed for the detection of the JMS metabolites in the sera of rats.

In Silico Analysis of Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of Bioactive Compounds from L.

is widely known as a medical plant with broad indigenous ethnomedicinal uses, including anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant. Despite being used for remedies and ethnomedicinal purposes, the benefits obtained from still need to be fully utilized. The underwhelming studies on its pharmacological potential, bioactive compounds, and mechanism of action keep the pharmacological and new drug discovery progress of this plant slow.

High Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Predicts One-Year Risk of Pneumonia Post-Stroke Discharge.

Introduction: The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) may predict stroke-associated pneumonia, which is generally defined as pneumonia occurring in the first week after stroke. However, little is known whether the initial NLR is associated with pneumonia risk during the long-term follow-up in stroke survivors. We aimed to determine the relationship between admission NLR and the risk of post-stroke pneumonia within 1 year after discharge from acute stroke care.

Incidence, prescription patterns and risk factors of antipsychotic initiation in elderly stroke survivors.

Objectives: Epidemiological data regarding antipsychotic initiation in elderly patients with stroke are limited. We aimed to investigate the incidence, prescription patterns and determinants of antipsychotic initiation in elderly patients with stroke.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study to identify patients aged above 65 years who had been admitted for stroke from the National Health Insurance Database (NHID).

From Kidney Protection to Stroke Prevention: The Potential Role of Sodium Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an independent risk factor for stroke and covert cerebrovascular disease, and up to 40% of stroke patients have concomitant CKD. However, the so-called "cerebrorenal interaction" attracted less attention compared to its cardiorenal counterpart. Diabetes is the leading cause of CKD.

Utilization of screening and treatment for osteoporosis among stroke survivors.

Background: Stroke survivors are prone to osteoporosis and fractures. However, bone mineral density (BMD) testing and osteoporosis treatment were underutilized in patients with recent stroke. We aimed to examine whether stroke has an impact on the utilization of BMD testing and osteoporosis treatment as well as the determinants of their utilization in stroke patients using nationwide population-based data in Taiwan.

Interactive deciphering electron-shuttling characteristics of leaves and potential bioenergy-steered anti-SARS-CoV-2 RdRp inhibitor via microbial fuel cells.

Due to the pandemics of COVID-19, herbal medicine has recently been explored for possible antiviral treatment and prevention via novel platform of microbial fuel cells. It was revealed that leaves was very appropriate for anti-COVID-19 drug development. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory tests exhibited the most promising activities for ethanol extracts and drying approaches were implemented on the leaf samples prior to ethanol extraction.