Strengthen high-loading operation of wastewater treatment plants by composite micron powder carrier: Microscale control of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur metabolic pathways.

The concentration of activated sludge is a crucial factor influencing the capacity and efficiency of sewage wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). However, high sludge concentrations can lead to sludge loss in the secondary sedimentation tank, resulting in reduced processing capacity, particularly during low-temperature stages and sludge bulking. This study investigated the impact of adding composite micron powder carriers (CMPC) in high-concentration powder carrier biofluidized bed (HPB) technology to the biochemical units of WWTPs on sludge concentration and settling performance.

The molecular mechanism of restricting telomeric transposons.

Linear chromosomes of eukaryotes are protected by a DNA-protein-RNA structure called telomere. Remarkably and unlike those of most organisms studied, telomeric DNA is not composed of a group of short repeats, but three classes of retrotransposons at the chromosome ends. Telomeric transposons in on the other hand serves the function of elongating the host chromosomes yet prevent little harm to the host genome as their insertion sites are strictly limited to the telomere.

Validation of the intact zwittermicin A biosynthetic gene cluster and discovery of a complementary resistance mechanism in Bacillus thuringiensis.

Zwittermicin A (ZmA) is a hybrid polyketide-nonribosomal peptide produced by certain Bacillus cereus group strains. It displays broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Its biosynthetic pathway in B.