The influence of low-level viremia on CD4+ cell count in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients.

Background: Following initiation of combined antiretroviral therapy, the majority of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients experience immune reconstitution indicated by virologic suppression and an increase in peripheral CD4+ T-cell counts. Some patients may suffer from low-level viremia, which was reported to be significantly associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome cases, virologic failure, and death. We aimed to further investigate the influence of low-level viremia on CD4+ T-cell count.

Influence of surface modification on catalytic activity of activated carbon toward decomposition of hydrogen peroxide and 2-chlorophenol.

The objective of this research was to investigate the influence of the activated carbons modified by chemical treatment on the surface catalyzed loss of H2O2 and 2-CP. The characteristics of the modified activated carbons were examined by several techniques including nitrogen adsorption, SEM, and EDS. The H2O2 decomposition rate would be suppressed significantly either by the change of surface properties modified with chemical treatment or the reduction of active sites occupied with the adsorption of 2-CP.

Catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide and 4-chlorophenol in the presence of modified activated carbons.

The objective of this research was to examine the heterogeneous catalytic decomposition of H(2)O(2) and 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) in the presence of activated carbons modified with chemical pretreatments. The decomposition of H(2)O(2) was suppressed significantly by the change of surface properties including the decreased pH(pzc) modified with oxidizing agent and the reduced active sites occupied by the adsorption of 4-CP. The apparent reaction rate of H(2)O(2) decomposition was dominated by the intrinsic reaction rates on the surface of activated carbon rather than the mass transfer rate of H(2)O(2) to the solid surface.