Physics-driven proper orthogonal decomposition: A simulation methodology for partial differential equations.

A simulation methodology derived from a learning algorithm based on Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) is presented to solve partial differential equations (PDEs) for physical problems of interest. Using the developed methodology, a physical problem of interest is projected onto a functional space described by a set of basis functions (or POD modes) that are trained via the POD by solution data collected from direct numerical simulations (DNSs) of the PDE. The Galerkin projection of the PDE is then performed to account for physical principles guided by the PDE.

Physics-informed reduced-order learning from the first principles for simulation of quantum nanostructures.

Multi-dimensional direct numerical simulation (DNS) of the Schrödinger equation is needed for design and analysis of quantum nanostructures that offer numerous applications in biology, medicine, materials, electronic/photonic devices, etc. In large-scale nanostructures, extensive computational effort needed in DNS may become prohibitive due to the high degrees of freedom (DoF). This study employs a physics-based reduced-order learning algorithm, enabled by the first principles, for simulation of the Schrödinger equation to achieve high accuracy and efficiency.

Crowe Type IV Hip Dysplasia Treated by THA Comebined with Osteotomy to Balance Functional Leg Length Discrepancy: A Prospective Observational Study.

Objective: To measure the factors that affect functional leg length of Crowe type IV Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) patients and to review our own methods to balance leg length discrepancy (LLD) in Crowe type IV DDH patients.

Methods: This was a prospective observational study which started in June 2017 and ended in August 2019. Inclusion criteria included: (i) Crowe type I or Crowe type IV hip dysplasia patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty (THA) in the Department of Orthopaedics at our institution between July 2017 and June 2018; (ii) the patients were treated with our specific leg length balance strategy; and (iii) the related outcomes of patients were completely recorded.

Preoperative Planning for Total Hip Arthroplasty for Neglected Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip.

Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is accompanied by morphological alterations on both the acetabular and the femoral side. Total hip arthroplasty (THA) provides effective treatment in cases of neglected DDH but requires elaborate preoperative planning. To determine the morphological changes resulting from the dysplasia, the anatomic acetabular position, the height of the femur head dislocation, the height of the femur head dislocation, and the combined anteversion must all be established.

Crucial role of extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway in reactive oxygen species-mediated endothelin-1 gene expression induced by endothelin-1 in rat cardiac fibroblasts.

Endothelin-1 (ET-1) has been implicated in fibroblast proliferation. However, the mechanism involving ET-1 is not clear. The present study was performed to examine the role of endogenous ET-1 in ET-1-stimulated fibroblast proliferation and to investigate the regulatory mechanism of ET-1-induced ET-1 gene expression in cardiac fibroblasts.