Antidiabetic and Antihyperlipidemic Activities and Molecular Mechanisms of L. Extract in Mice on a High-Fat Diet.

We planned to explore the protective activities of extract of L. (EPE) on insulin resistance and metabolic disorders including hyperlipidemia, visceral obesity, and renal dysfunction in high-fat diet (HFD)-progressed T2DM mice. Mice treatments included 7 weeks of HFD induction followed by EPE, fenofibrate (Feno), or metformin (Metf) treatment daily for another 4-week HFD in HFD-fed mice.

The Ethyl Acetate Extract of L. Alleviates Diabetic Nephropathy in a Murine Model of Diabetes.

Oil-Gan is the fruit of the genus L. The fruits have excellent effects on health care and development values. There are many methods for the management of diabetic nephropathy (DN).

Antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic activities of . extract and the regulation of Akt phosphorylation, gluconeogenesis, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice.

Background: The fruits of L. are high in nutrients and have excellent health care function and developmental value. There are many management strategies available for diabetes and hyperlipidemia.

Antidiabetic and Immunoregulatory Activities of Extract of L. in NOD with Spontaneous and Cyclophosphamide-Accelerated Diabetic Mice.

Oil-Gan, also known as emblica, is the fruit of the genus L. The fruits are high in nutrients and display excellent health care functions and development values. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the activities of ethyl acetate extract from L.

Protective Effects of One 2,4-Dihydro-3H-Pyrazol-3-one Derivative against Posterior Capsular Opacification by Regulation of TGF-β2/SMADs and Non-SMAD Signaling, Collagen I, and Fibronectin Proteins.

Many elderly individuals frequently experience cataracts that interfere with vision. After cataract surgery, the left lens epithelial cell (LEC) exhibited fibrosis and posterior capsule opacification (PCO). Sometimes, there is a need for a second surgery; nevertheless, people try other methods, such as a good pharmacological agent, to treat PCO to reduce transforming growth factor-β2 (TGF-β2) amounts to avoid secondary surgery.

Task-Rate-Related Neural Dynamics Using Wireless EEG to Assist Diagnosis and Intervention Planning for Preschoolers with ADHD Exhibiting Heterogeneous Cognitive Proficiency.

This study used a wireless EEG system to investigate neural dynamics in preschoolers with ADHD who exhibited varying cognitive proficiency pertaining to working memory and processing speed abilities. Preschoolers with ADHD exhibiting high cognitive proficiency (ADHD-H, = 24), those with ADHD exhibiting low cognitive proficiency (ADHD-L, = 18), and preschoolers with typical development (TD, = 31) underwent the Conners' Kiddie Continuous Performance Test and wireless EEG recording under different conditions (rest, slow-rate, and fast-rate task). In the slow-rate task condition, compared with the TD group, the ADHD-H group manifested higher delta and lower beta power in the central region, while the ADHD-L group manifested higher parietal delta power.

Incremental Validity of Multi-Method and Multi-Informant Evaluations in the Clinical Diagnosis of Preschool ADHD.

Objectives: This study investigated the discriminative validity of various single or combined measurements of electroencephalogram (EEG) data, Conners' Kiddie Continuous Performance Test (K-CPT), and Disruptive Behavior Disorder Rating Scale (DBDRS) to differentiate preschool children with ADHD from those with typical development (TD).

Method: We recruited 70 preschoolers, of whom 38 were diagnosed with ADHD and 32 exhibited TD; all participants underwent the K-CPT and wireless EEG recording in different conditions (rest, slow-rate, and fast-rate task).

Results: Slow-rate task-related central parietal delta (1-4 Hz) and central alpha (8-13 Hz) and beta (13-30 Hz) powers between groups with ADHD and TD were significantly distinct ( < .

Neural Dynamics for Facilitating ADHD Diagnosis in Preschoolers: Central and Parietal Delta Synchronization in the Kiddie Continuous Performance Test.

The present study aimed to characterize children at risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) during preschool age and provide early intervention. The continuous performance test (CPT) and electroencephalography (EEG) can contribute additional valuable information to facilitate diagnosis. This study measured brain dynamics at slow and fast task rates in the CPT using a wireless wearable EEG and identified correlations between the EEG and CPT data in preschool children with ADHD.

Potential Protective Activities of Extracts of and the Altered Expressions of on Age-Related Cataract.

Age-related cataract (ARC) is one of the leading causes of visual impairment and blindness worldwide among the elderly. Here, we used sodium selenite-induced cataract mouse model, which shares with similarities with human senile cataract to investigate whether the extracts of (PLE) could have the potential protective effects of ARC or not. The mice pups were randomly divided into 4 treatment groups ( = 7): (1) normal saline on postpartum day 26; (2) Na selenite injected s.

Antidiabetic and Antihyperlipidemic Effects of Sulphurenic Acid, a Triterpenoid Compound from , in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice.

The present study was designed to evaluate the protective effect of sulphurenic acid (SA), a pure compound from , on diabetes and hyperlipidemia in an animal model study and to clarify the underlying molecular mechanism. Diabetes was induced by daily 55 mg/kg intraperitoneal injections of streptozotocin (STZ) solution over five days. Diabetic mice were randomly divided into six groups and orally gavaged with SA (at three dosages) or glibenclamide (Glib), fenofibrate (Feno) or vehicle for 3 weeks.

Antidiabetic and hypolipidemic activities of eburicoic acid, a triterpenoid compound from , by regulation of Akt phosphorylation, gluconeogenesis, and PPARα in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice.

The study is designed to examine the potential effects and underlying mechanisms of eburicoic acid (TRR), a compound from , in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. Diabetic mice were randomly divided into six groups and given TRR orally by gavage (at three dosage rates) or fenofibrate (Feno) (250 mg kg body weight) or metformin (Metf) (300 mg kg body weight) or vehicle for 2 weeks. STZ-induced diabetic mice were found to have increased blood glucose, HbA1, plasma triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) levels, but reduced blood insulin, adiponectin, and leptin levels as compared with the CON group.

Eburicoic Acid, a Triterpenoid Compound from Antrodia camphorata, Displays Antidiabetic and Antihyperlipidemic Effects in Palmitate-Treated C2C12 Myotubes and in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice.

This study was designed to investigate the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects and mechanisms of eburicoic acid (TRR); one component of in vitro and in an animal model for 14 weeks. Expression levels of membrane glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4); phospho-5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/total AMPK; and phospho-Akt/total-Akt in insulin-resistant C2C12 myotube cells were significantly decreased by palmitate; and such decrease was prevented and restored by TRR at different concentrations. A group of control (CON) was on low-fat diet over a period of 14 weeks.

(-)-Epicatechin-3-O-β-D-allopyranoside from Davallia formosana prevents diabetes and dyslipidemia in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects and molecular mechanism of (-)-epicatechin-3-O-β-D-allopyranoside from Davallia formosana (BB) (also known as Gu-Sui-Bu) on type 1 diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. This plant was demonstrated to display antioxidant activities and possess polyphenol contents. Diabetic mice were randomly divided into six groups and were given daily oral gavage doses of either BB (at three dosage levels), metformin (Metf) (at 0.

Dehydroeburicoic Acid from Antrodia camphorata Prevents the Diabetic and Dyslipidemic State via Modulation of Glucose Transporter 4, Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor α Expression and AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Phosphorylation in High-Fat-Fed Mice.

This study investigated the potential effects of dehydroeburicoic acid (TT), a triterpenoid compound from Antrodia camphorata, in vitro and examined the effects and mechanisms of TT on glucose and lipid homeostasis in high-fat-diet (HFD)-fed mice. The in vitro study examined the effects of a MeOH crude extract (CruE) of A. camphorata and Antcin K (AnK; the main constituent of fruiting body of this mushroom) on membrane glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) and phospho-Akt in C2C12 myoblasts cells.

Antcin K, a Triterpenoid Compound from Antrodia camphorata, Displays Antidiabetic and Antihyperlipidemic Effects via Glucose Transporter 4 and AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Phosphorylation in Muscles.

The purpose of this study was to screen firstly the potential effects of antcin K (AnK), the main constituent of the fruiting body of Antrodia camphorata, in vitro and further evaluate the activities and mechanisms in high-fat-diet- (HFD-) induced mice. Following 8-week HFD-induction, mice were treated with AnK, fenofibrate (Feno), metformin (Metf), or vehicle for 4 weeks afterward. In C2C12 myotube cells, the membrane GLUT4 and phospho-Akt expressions were higher in insulin and AnK-treated groups than in the control group.

Antidiabetic and Antihyperlipidemic Properties of a Triterpenoid Compound, Dehydroeburicoic Acid, from Antrodia camphorata in Vitro and in Streptozotocin-Induced Mice.

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of dehydroeburicoic acid (TT) on type 1 diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. STZ-induced diabetic mice were randomly divided into six groups and given orally by gavage TT (at three dosages), metformin (Metf), fenfibrate (Feno), or vehicle for 4 weeks. STZ-induced diabetic mice showed elevations in blood glucose levels (P < 0.

(-)-Epicatechin-3-O-β-D-allopyranoside from Davallia formosana, Prevents Diabetes and Hyperlipidemia by Regulation of Glucose Transporter 4 and AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Phosphorylation in High-Fat-Fed Mice.

The purpose of this experiment was to determine the antidiabetic and lipid-lowering effects of (-)-epicatechin-3-O-β-D-allopyranoside (BB) from the roots and stems of Davallia formosana in mice. Animal treatment was induced by high-fat diet (HFD) or low-fat diet (control diet, CD). After eight weeks of HFD or CD exposure, the HFD mice were treating with BB or rosiglitazone (Rosi) or fenofibrate (Feno) or water through gavage for another four weeks.

Ergostatrien-3β-ol from Antrodia camphorata inhibits diabetes and hyperlipidemia in high-fat-diet treated mice via regulation of hepatic related genes, glucose transporter 4, and AMP-activated protein kinase phosphorylation.

This study was designed to explore the effects and mechanism of ergostatrien-3β-ol (EK100) from the submerged whole broth of Antrodia camphorata on diabetes and dyslipidemia in high fat diet (HFD)-fed mice for 12 weeks. The C57BL/6J mouse fed with a high fat diet (HFD) could induce insulin resistance and hyperlipidemia. After 8 week of induction, mice were receiving EK100 (at three dosages) or fenofibrate (Feno) or rosiglitazone (Rosi) or vehicle by oral gavage 4 weeks afterward.

Peroxyauraptenol Inhibits Inflammation and NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation by Inhibiting Reactive Oxygen Species Generation and Preserving Mitochondrial Integrity.

Peroxyauraptenol (PXT) is a peroxide-containing coumarin compound isolated from the seeds of Cnidium monnieri. PXT exerts anti-inflammatory activities, as it reduces the levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase, nitric oxide, IL-6, and NLRP3 inflammasome-derived IL-1β in lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages. PXT also exerts anti-inflammatory activity by reducing reactive oxygen species generation (including mitochondrial), mitogen-activated protein kinase, protein kinase C-α/δ phosphorylation, and the release of mitochondrial DNA into the cytosol.

Effects of Bofu-Tsusho-San on diabetes and hyperlipidemia associated with AMP-activated protein kinase and glucose transporter 4 in high-fat-fed mice.

This study was undertaken to examine the effect and mechanism of Bofu-tsusho-san formula (BO) on hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia and in mice fed with a high-fat (HF) diet. The C57BL/6J mice were received control/HF diet for 12 weeks, and oral administration of BO (at three doses) or rosiglitazone (Rosi) or vehicle for the last 4 weeks. Blood, skeletal muscle and tissues were examined by means of measuring glycaemia and dyslipidaemia-associated events.

Tormentic acid, a major component of suspension cells of Eriobotrya japonica, suppresses high-fat diet-induced diabetes and hyperlipidemia by glucose transporter 4 and AMP-activated protein kinase phosphorylation.

This study was designed to evaluate the effects and mechanism of tormentic acid (PTA) on diabetes and dyslipidemia in high-fat (HF)-fed mice. Feeding C57BL/6J mice with a HF diet for 12 weeks induced type 2 diabetes and hyperlipidemia. During the last 4 weeks, the mice were given orally PTA (at two dosages) or rosiglitazone (Rosi) or water.

Cyclooxygenase-2 regulates NLRP3 inflammasome-derived IL-1β production.

The NLR family, pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a reactive oxygen species-sensitive multiprotein complex that regulates IL-1β maturation via caspase-1. It also plays an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammation-related disease. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is induced by inflammatory stimuli and contributes to the pathogenesis of inflammation-related diseases.

Caffeamide 36-13 Regulates the Antidiabetic and Hypolipidemic Signs of High-Fat-Fed Mice on Glucose Transporter 4, AMPK Phosphorylation, and Regulated Hepatic Glucose Production.

This study was to investigate the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects of (E)-3-[3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl-1-(piperidin-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one] (36-13) (TS), one of caffeic acid amide derivatives, on high-fat (HF-) fed mice. The C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into the control (CON) group and the experimental group, which was firstly fed a HF diet for 8 weeks. Then, the HF group was subdivided into four groups and was given TS orally (including two doses) or rosiglitazone (Rosi) or vehicle for 4 weeks.

Validation of the Antidiabetic and Hypolipidemic Effects of Clitocybe nuda by Assessment of Glucose Transporter 4 and Gluconeogenesis and AMPK Phosphorylation in Streptozotocin-Induced Mice.

The study was designed to investigate the effects of extract of Clitocybe nuda (CNE) on type 1 diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia in streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced diabetic mice. Diabetes was induced by injection of STZ. Diabetic mice were randomly divided into five groups and given orally CNE (C1: 0.

Antidiabetic and Antihyperlipidemic Effects of Clitocybe nuda on Glucose Transporter 4 and AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Phosphorylation in High-Fat-Fed Mice.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the antihyperlipidemic and antihyperglycemic effects and mechanism of the extract of Clitocybe nuda (CNE), in high-fat- (HF-) fed mice. C57BL/6J was randomly divided into two groups: the control (CON) group was fed with a low-fat diet, whereas the experimental group was fed with a HF diet for 8 weeks. Then, the HF group was subdivided into five groups and was given orally CNE (including C1: 0.