Role of ginsenoside Rb1 in attenuating depression-like symptoms through astrocytic and microglial complement C3 pathway.

Ginsenoside Rb1, known as gypenoside III, exerts antidepressant-like effects in previous studies. It has also been indicated that ginsenoside Rb1 regulated neuroinflammation via inhibiting NF-κB signaling. According to the evidence that astrocytes can regulate microglia and neuroinflammation by secreting complement C3, the present study aimed to demonstrate the molecular mechanisms underlying ginsenoside Rb1-induced antidepressant-like effects from the astrocytic and microglial complement C3 pathway.

[Correlation between frailty and erectile dysfunction in elderly males].

Objective: To investigate the correlation of frailty with ED in Chinese elderly men.

Methods: This community-based study was conducted with a sample of 258 Chinese men aged 60 to 83 years old in Fuyang City, Anhui Province. All the participants completed a standard questionnaire on demographics, lifestyle, underlying diseases and medical and sexual histories.

Yamogenin Exhibits Antidepressant-like Effects via Inhibition of ER Stress and Microglial Activation in LPS-Induced Mice.

Depression is a multifaceted psychiatric disorder that affects a significant number of individuals worldwide, and its pathophysiology encompasses a variety of mechanisms, including the induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which has been correlated with depressive-like behaviors in animal models. Yamogenin, a bioactive compound derived from traditional Chinese medicine Dioscorea species, possesses diverse pharmacological properties. This investigation aimed to explore the antidepressant-like effects of yamogenin and the underlying mechanisms involved.

Inhibition of NLRP3 attenuates sodium dextran sulfate-induced inflammatory bowel disease through gut microbiota regulation.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, life-threatening inflammatory disease of gastrointestinal tissue characterized by inflammation of the gut. Recent studies have shown that gut microbiota is involved in the pathophysiology of IBD. However, it is unknown whether direct inhibition of NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome regulates IBD and alters gut microbiota.

CY-09 Alleviates the Depression-like Behaviors via Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome-Mediated Neuroinflammation in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Mice.

Depression is a serious mental illness, mainly characterized as large mood swings and sleep, diet, and cognitive function disorders. NLPR3, one of the inflammasomes that can be activated by a variety of stimuli to promote the maturation and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, has been considered to be involved in the pathophysiology of depression. In this study, the putative role of CY-09, a selective and direct inhibitor of NLRP3, was evaluated in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mice.

Gut microbiota mediated inflammation, neuroendocrine and neurotrophic functions involved in the antidepressant-like effects of diosgenin in chronic restraint stress.

Background: Diosgenin is a well-known steroid saponin possessing neuroprotective activities. However, it is unknown whether diosgenin could alleviate depression-like symptoms.

Methods: The antidepressant-like effect of diosgenin was investigated in mice induced by chronic restraint stress.

Gypenoside XVII, an Active Ingredient from Gynostemma Pentaphyllum, Inhibits C3aR-Associated Synaptic Pruning in Stressed Mice.

Gynostemma pentaphyllum is a herbal medicine widely used in Asian countries, and its saponin extracts have been shown to possess potent anti-inflammatory effects. Gypenoside XVII, an active ingredient isolated from Gynostemma pentaphyllum, has been found to alleviate the inflammation induced by LPS in the BV2 microglia, according to our preliminary study. This study aims to evaluate whether Gypenoside XVII could attenuate depression-like symptoms in vivo and tries to demonstrate the involvement of the complement regulation in its antidepressant-like effect.

IL-1R/C3aR signaling regulates synaptic pruning in the prefrontal cortex of depression.

Background: Major depressive disorder is characterized by not only monoamine neurotransmitters deficiencies but also persistent neuroinflammation. The complement system is an attractive therapeutic target for various inflammation-related diseases due to its early activation in inflammatory processes.

Results: In the present study, the dynamic alteration of complement C3 and its receptor C3aR during the occurrence of depression and the mechanism of astrocyte-microglia IL-1R/C3/C3aR on synaptic pruning were investigated.

Inhibition of Microglial NLRP3 with MCC950 Attenuates Microglial Morphology and NLRP3/Caspase-1/IL-1β Signaling In Stress-induced Mice.

Major depressive disorder is characterized by the deficiencies of monoamine neurotransmitters, neurotrophic factors and persistent neuroinflammation. Microglial activation has been associated with neuroinflammation-related mental diseases, accompanied by NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. Here, we investigated the effect of NLRP3 inhibition by its small molecular inhibitor MCC950 on inflammatory activity and depressive-like mice induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS), followed by the behavioral tests including sucrose preference test and forced swimming test.

Antidepressant-like Effects of Degraded Porphyran Isolated from Porphyra haitanensis.

Introduction: Degraded porphyran is a bioactive polysaccharide extracted from Porphyra haitanensis (P. haitanensis). According to the previous studies, it produced anti-inflammatory activity, but little is known about its effects on depression.

Paeoniflorin exerts antidepressant-like effects through enhancing neuronal FGF-2 by microglial inactivation.

Unlabelled: Ethnopharmacological relevance Paeonia lactiflora is a famous Traditional Chinese medicine widely used for immunological regulation. Paeoniflorin, the main component of Paeonia lactiflora, exerts neuroprotective and antidepressant-like effects in rodents.

Aim Of The Study: Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) is essentially required in the central nervous system as it acts as both a neurotrophic factor and an anti-inflammatory factor participating in the regulation of proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis of neurons in the brain.

[Content of prostate small extracorporeal protein in the urine as an index in evaluating the therapeutic effect on chronic prostatitis].

Objective: To investigate the clinical value of the prostate small extracorporeal protein (PSEP) level in the urine in evaluating the therapeutic effect on chronic prostatitis (CP).

Methods: Totally 188 CP patients were treated with minocycline and Ningmitai Capsules in our hospital and regularly returned for follow-up examination from November 2017 to November 2018. Based on the results of treatment after 4 and 8 weeks of medication, we divided the patients into a cured, an effective and an ineffective group and compared the contents of PSEP in the urine samples of the three groups of patients before and after treatment.

[Double-antibody sandwich method versus indirect method of ELISA for detection of prostatic exosomal protein in the urine].

Objective: To compare two ELISA methods for the detection of the prostatic exosomal protein (PSEP) in the urine.

Methods: Using the double-antibody sandwich (DAS) method and the indirect method of ELISA, we detected PSEP in the urine samples from 100 IIIA chronic prostatitis (CP) patients and another 100 normal healthy males. Meanwhile, we examined 30 clinical urine samples using the diluent (0.

miR-34a induces spine damages via inhibiting synaptotagmin-1 in depression.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are noncoding RNAs that participate in the pathophysiology of depression by targeting many functional genes. As shown in our previous study, chronic stress up-regulates miR-34a in the hippocampus. However, little is known about the mechanism by which miR-34a regulates the process of depression or its functions as an antidepressant by regulating its targets.

Berberine exerts antidepressant-like effects via regulating miR-34a-synaptotagmin1/Bcl-2 axis.

Objective: Berberine, a cationic alkaloid first isolated in 1917, has been approved by the China Drug Administration for decades. Accumulating evidence demonstrated its antidepressant-like activities . Our previous study has shown that chronic stress leads to the upregulation of miR-34a in the hippocampus of mice.

Involvement of FGF-2 modulation in the antidepressant-like effects of liquiritin in mice.

It has been reported that liquiritin produced an antidepressant-like effect in rodents. However, little information is known regarding its antidepressant activity with the regulation of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2), a protein maintaining development and maturation of the nervous central system. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the underlying FGF-2 modulation involved in the antidepressant-like effects of liquiritin.

Curcumin attenuates cognitive impairment by enhancing autophagy in chemotherapy.

Cisplatin, a commonly used chemotherapy drug, can increase the survival rate of cancer patients. However, it often causes various side effects, including neuronal deficit-induced cognitive impairment. Considering that curcumin is effective in neuronal protection, the action of curcumin on cognitive improvement was evaluated in cisplatin-treated C57BL/6 mice in the present study.

FGF-2 signaling activation in the hippocampus contributes to the behavioral and cellular responses to puerarin.

Puerarin, a well-studied isoflavone isolated from Pueraria lobata, produces an antidepressant-like effect. Fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) is essentially required in the central nervous system as it acts as both a neurotrophic or anti-inflammatory regulator for the proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis of neurons. There is evidence that FGF-2 holds great promise for therapeutic intervention for depression.

Oleanolic acid decreases SGK1 in the hippocampus in corticosterone-induced mice.

Our previous study has demonstrated that oleanolic acid produced an antidepressant-like effect in mice exposed to chronic stress. Considering that serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (SGK1) is involved in stress response, the present study aimed to evaluate the involvement of SGK1 in the antidepressant-like effects of oleanolic acid in depression-like mice induced by long term corticosterone (CORT) injection. Behaviors, SGK1, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its downstream targets were assessed after administration with oleanolic for three weeks.

Gypenosides reverses depressive behavior via inhibiting hippocampal neuroinflammation.

Gypenosides, a saponins extract isolated from the Gynostemma pentaphyllum plant, produces neuroprotective effects in the brain. Our previous studies have shown that hippocampal glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-TrkB signaling was involved in the antidepressant-like effects of gypenosides. It remains unknown whether gypenosides could alleviate neuroinflammation in depressive-like animals.

The antidepressant-like effects of Chaihu Shugan San: Dependent on the hippocampal BDNF-TrkB-ERK/Akt signaling activation in perimenopausal depression-like rats.

Chaihu Shugan San (CSS), a traditional Chinese medicine formula, has been used to treat depression for hundreds of years. Recently, the antidepressant-like mechanism of CSS has been increasingly evaluated and demonstrated. However, there are few studies focused on the involvement of the neurotrophic system in mediating the antidepressant-like effects of CSS.

miR-124 antagonizes the antidepressant-like effects of standardized gypenosides in mice.

Our previous study demonstrated that gypenosides produced antidepressant-like effects in mice exposed to chronic mild stress in a brain-derived neurotrophic factor-dependent manner. However, whether other mechanisms are involved in the antidepressant-like effects of gypenosides is not clear. miR-124 is one of the most abundant microRNAs in the hippocampus, and its dysregulation is related to the pathophysiology of depression.

Saikosaponin A attenuates perimenopausal depression-like symptoms by chronic unpredictable mild stress.

Accumulating studies have shown that a traditional Chinese decoction Chaihu-Shugan-San produced the antidepressant-like effects in rodents including in perimenopausal. Previous studies and our preliminary study indicated that saikosaponin A, one of the main constituents of Chaihu-Shugan-San, enhanced brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in rats. Herein, this study aimed to evaluate the antidepressant-like effects of saikosaponin A in perimenopausal rats exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS).