Superior survival benefits of triple combination immunotherapy compared to standard chemotherapy as second-line treatment for advanced biliary tract cancer: a retrospective analysis.

Background: Advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC) is associated with a poor prognosis and limited options for second-line treatment. The TOPAZ-1 and KEYNOTE-966 trials have demonstrated the benefits of combining immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) with chemotherapy in treating BTC. However, the efficacy of FOLFOX as a second-line therapy is limited, highlighting the need for more effective treatment approaches.

Targeting PRMT5 through PROTAC for the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer.

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is currently the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer, characterized by high heterogeneity and strong invasiveness, and currently lacks effective therapies. PRMT5, a type II protein arginine methyltransferase, is upregulated in numerous cancers, including TNBC, and plays a critical role, marked it as an attractive therapeutic target. PROTAC (Proteolysis Targeting Chimeras) is an innovative drug development technology that utilizes the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) to degrade target proteins, which is characterized by higher activity, enhanced safety, lower resistance, and reduced toxicity, offering significant value for clinical translation.

TNFAIP2 promotes HIF1α transcription and breast cancer angiogenesis by activating the Rac1-ERK-AP1 signaling axis.

Angiogenesis is well known to play a critical role in breast cancer. We previously reported that TNFAIP2 activates Rac1 to promote triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell proliferation, migration, and chemoresistance. However, the potential contribution of TNFAIP2 to tumor angiogenesis remains unknown.

Targeting the HECTD3-p62 axis increases the radiosensitivity of triple negative breast cancer cells.

Triple negative breast cancer is the most malignant subtype of breast cancer and current treatment options are limited. Radiotherapy is one of the primary therapeutic options for patients with TNBC. In this study, we discovered that the E3 ubiquitin ligase, HECTD3, promoted TNBC cell survival after irradiation.

Perioperative Tislelizumab plus intensity modulated radiotherapy in resectable hepatocellular carcinoma with macrovascular invasion: a phase II trial.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with macrovascular invasion (MVI) have dismal prognosis and there are no standard perioperative therapies. This phase 2 trial (ChiCTR2000036385) aimed to investigate the activity and safety of perioperative tislelizumab plus intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for resectable HCC with MVI. Thirty treatment-naïve patients with MVI received 3 cycles of tislelizumab intravenously (200 mg, every three weeks) and concurrent IMRT (45 Gray in 15 fractions).

Revolutionizing prognostic predictions in colorectal cancer: Macrophage‑driven transcriptional insights from single‑cell RNA sequencing and gene co‑expression network analysis.

Tumor-associated macrophages have become important biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, prognosis and therapy. The dynamic changes in macrophage subpopulations significantly impact the outcomes of cancer immunotherapy. Hence, identifying additional macrophage-related biomarkers is essential for enhancing prognostic predictions in colorectal cancer (CRC) immunotherapy.

Wild edible plants of the Yao people in Jianghua, China: plant-associated traditional knowledge and practice vital for food security and ecosystem service.

Background: Traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) and practice associated with wild edible plants (WEPs) is an important part of local culture of the Yao people in Jianghua Yao Autonomous County, which possesses the biggest population of Yao ethnic group in China. Economic development, urbanization, and transition of lifestyle and changing interests of the younger generations risk loss of such valuable knowledge. However, no record had been reported about WEPs from the Yao communities of Jianghua County.

MPGAN: Multi Pareto Generative Adversarial Network for the denoising and quantitative analysis of low-dose PET images of human brain.

Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging is widely used in medical imaging for analyzing neurological disorders and related brain diseases. Usually, full-dose imaging for PET ensures image quality but raises concerns about potential health risks of radiation exposure. The contradiction between reducing radiation exposure and maintaining diagnostic performance can be effectively addressed by reconstructing low-dose PET (L-PET) images to the same high-quality as full-dose (F-PET).

Potential Role of SdiA in Biofilm Formation and Drug Resistance in Avian Pathogenic .

Avian pathogenic (APEC) constitutes a significant cause of colibacillosis, a localized or systemic inflammatory disorder in avian species, resulting in considerable economic losses within the global poultry industry. SdiA (suppressor of division inhibitor) is a transcription factor recognized as a LuxR homolog in , regulating various behaviors, including biofilm formation, multidrug resistance, and the secretion of virulence factors. However, the function of SdiA in APEC strains and its correlation with virulence and multidrug resistance remains unknown.

Carbamoylation at C-8 position of natural 3-arylcoumarin scaffold for the discovery of novel PARP-1 inhibitors with potent anticancer activity.

Structural modification based on natural privileged scaffolds has proven to be an attractive approach to generate potential antitumor candidates with high potency and specific targeting. As a continuation of our efforts to identify potent PARP-1 inhibitors, natural 3-arylcoumarin scaffold was served as the starting point for the construction of novel structural unit for PARP-1 inhibition. Herein, a series of novel 8-carbamyl-3-arylcoumarin derivatives were designed and synthesized.

Gallium complex K6 inhibits colorectal cancer by increasing ROS levels to induce DNA damage and enhance phosphatase and tensin homolog activity.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. In the clinical realm, platinum-based drugs hold an important role in the chemotherapy of CRC. Nonetheless, a multitude of patients, due to tumor protein 53 () gene mutations, experience the emergence of drug resistance.

Sex-dependent nonlinear Granger connectivity patterns of brain aging in healthy population.

Background: Brain aging is a complex process that involves functional alterations in multiple subnetworks and brain regions. However, most previous studies investigating aging-related functional connectivity (FC) changes using resting-state functional magnetic resonance images (rs-fMRIs) have primarily focused on the linear correlation between brain subnetworks, ignoring the nonlinear casual properties of fMRI signals.

Methods: We introduced the neural Granger causality technique to investigate the sex-dependent nonlinear Granger connectivity (NGC) during aging on a publicly available dataset of 227 healthy participants acquired cross-sectionally in Leipzig, Germany.

Rule-based omics mining reveals antimicrobial macrocyclic peptides against drug-resistant clinical isolates.

Antimicrobial resistance remains a significant global threat, driving up mortality rates worldwide. Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides have emerged as a promising source of novel peptide antibiotics due to their diverse chemical structures. Here, we report the discovery of new aminovinyl-(methyl)cysteine (Avi(Me)Cys)-containing peptide antibiotics through a synergistic approach combining biosynthetic rule-based omics mining and heterologous expression.

[F]FDG PET integrated with structural MRI for accurate brain age prediction.

Purpose: Brain aging is a complex and heterogeneous process characterized by both structural and functional decline. This study aimed to establish a novel deep learning (DL) method for predicting brain age by utilizing structural and metabolic imaging data.

Methods: The dataset comprised participants from both the Universal Medical Imaging Diagnostic Center (UMIDC) and the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI).

Simultaneous Reconstruction of Gas Concentration and Temperature Using Acoustic Tomography.

Acoustic tomography utilizes sensor arrays to collect sound wave signals, enabling non-contact measurement of physical parameters within an area of interest. Compared to optical technologies, acoustic tomography offers the advantages of low cost, low maintenance, and easy installation. Current research in acoustic tomography mainly focuses on reconstruction algorithms for temperature fields, while monitoring the composition and concentration of gases is significant for ensuring safety and improving efficiency, such as in scenarios like boiler furnaces and aviation engine nozzles.

Bortezomib in previously treated phosphatase and tension homology-deficient patients with advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: An open-label, prospective and single-centre phase II trial.

Introduction: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is characterized by a dismal prognosis with limited therapeutic alternatives. To explore phosphatase and tension homolog (PTEN) as a biomarker for proteasome inhibition in ICC, we conducted a phase II trial to assess the second-line efficacy of bortezomib in PTEN-deficient advanced ICC patients.

Methods: A total of 130 patients with advanced ICC in our centre were screened by PTEN immunohistochemical staining between 1 July 2017, and 31 December 2021, and 16 patients were ultimately enrolled and treated with single-agent bortezomib 1.

Ethnobotanical studies on rice landraces under on-farm conservation in Xishuangbanna of Yunnan Province, China.

Background: A complex interaction and mutual influence exists among landscapes, cultures, and landraces, with rice culture being a typical embodiment of this relationship. The conservation of landraces operates alongside preserving traditional practices. The Xishuangbanna region stands out as a hub for the genetic diversity of landraces, boasting rich genetic resources.

Ethnobotanical uses, phytochemistry and bioactivities of Cymbopogon plants: A review.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Cymbopogon (Poaceae) plants have been used for various purposes by many indigenous peoples in all continents. In particular, almost all species in the genus have traditionally been used as folk medicine to treat ailments. Traditional application records indicated that Cymbopogon might be used extensively to treat cold, dizziness, headache, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, rheumatism, diarrhea, whole grass for cold, sore throat, tracheitis and others.

Efficacy and predictors of immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with gallbladder cancer.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown promising efficacy in multiple cancers including biliary tract cancers (BTCs). However, the data focusing on the efficacy of ICIs in patients with gallbladder cancer (GBC) is still limited. In this study, we aim to assess the efficacy of ICIs in GBC and explore the clinicopathologic and molecular markers associated with ICI benefit.