Energy-migration mediated ratiometric upconversion luminescence nanothermometer: Erbium sublattice vs. ytterbium sublattice.

Accurate lanthanides featured with the abundant ladder-like excited states may enable one single activator to exhibit a multitude of emission bands. The elaborate manipulation on such emission bands can realize the modulation of emission color and therefore lead to plenty of applications. The modification of up-conversion dynamics via energy migration within nanostructure can lead to temperature-dependent colormetric lanthanide up-conversion emissions and has been proposed to design high-performance luminescence nanothermometers.

6:2 Fluorotelomer Ethoxylates in Human Serum and Residential Homes: A Growing Environmental Health Concern.

As an emerging group of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), fluorotelomer ethoxylates (FTEOs) are widely employed as a major ingredient in antifog products. However, knowledge about their environmental distribution and human exposure remains scarce. Herein, we reported the ubiquitous detection of 6:2 FTEO homologues in popular antifog products ( = 47), indoor dust from residential homes ( = 80), and serum of pregnant women ( = 90) living in South China, demonstrating broad use and widespread human exposure.

Discovery, Synthesis, and Activity Evaluation of Novel Small-Molecule Inhibitors Targeting VISTA for Cancer Immunotherapy.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been potent therapeutic options for the treatment of multiple types of cancer. However, not all patients experience benefits from ICIs, and discovering inhibitors targeting novel immune checkpoints is necessary. V-domain Ig suppressor of T-cell activation (VISTA) is a novel immune checkpoint.

Synthesis of Indoles through C2-C3 Bond Formation Using Lawesson's Reagent.

Amidophenylglyoxylic esters react with Lawesson's reagent at elevated temperatures, leading to the formation of a diverse array of indole derivatives. This methodology demonstrates broad substrate tolerance and utilizes readily available starting materials. Moreover, this synthetic route is metal-free and environmentally compatible.

Formosanin C inhibits triple-negative breast cancer progression by suppressing the phosphorylation of STAT3 and the polarization of M2 macrophages.

Introduction: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), is a highly aggressive tumor. Formosanin C (FC) is a diosgenin with immunomodulatory and antitumor properties, the precise mechanism through which it is against TNBC remains uncertain.

Objective: Clarifying the mechanism of FC against TNBC.

Endoscopic and imaging evaluations of the primary tumor response in patients with proficient mismatch repair colorectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant combination immunotherapy.

Background: Neoadjuvant combination immunotherapy is a potential treatment option for patients with proficient mismatch repair/microsatellite stable colorectal cancer. Preoperative screening via endoscopy and imaging examinations could help identify patients who may potentially achieve a complete response after neoadjuvant combination immunotherapy. This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of endoscopic and imaging examinations in predicting pathological complete response after neoadjuvant combination immunotherapy.

Fabrication of Compartmentalized Multienzyme Reactor for Colorimetric Biosensing of Glucose and Phenol with High Sensitivity.

Enzymatic cascade reactions are widely utilized in food security, environmental monitoring, and disease diagnostics, whereas their practical application was hindered due to their limited catalytic efficiency and intrinsic fragility to environmental influences. Herein, a compartmentalized dual-enzyme cascade nanoreactor was constructed in metal-organic frameworks (ZIF-8) by a shell-by-shell growth method. ZIF-8 provided a good microenvironment to maintain the activity of enzymes and protected them against harsh conditions.

Continuous theta-burst stimulation demonstrates language-network-specific causal effects on syntactic processing.

Hierarchical syntactic structure processing is proposed to be at the core of the human language faculty. Syntactic processing is supported by the left fronto-temporal language network, including a core area in the inferior frontal gyrus as well as its interaction with the posterior temporal lobe (i.e.

A stable and biocompatible shortwave infrared nanoribbon for dual-channel in vivo imaging.

The shortwave infrared (SWIR) region is an ideal spectral window for next-generation bioimaging to harness improved penetration and reduced phototoxicity. SWIR spectral activity may also be accessed via supramolecular dye aggregation. Unfortunately, development of dye aggregation remains challenging.

Novel PD-L1/VISTA Dual Inhibitor as Potential Immunotherapy Agents.

Inhibiting the activity of immune checkpoint proteins to reignite the antitumor activity of immune cells has emerged as a pivotal strategy. PD-L1 and VISTA, as critical proteins governing immune regulation, are concurrently upregulated under conditions such as hypoxia. Through a rational drug design process, , a dual-target inhibitor for PD-L1 and VISTA is identified.

Design, Synthesis, and Antitumor Activity Evaluation of 2-Phenylthiazole-5-Carboxylic Acid Derivatives Targeting Transactivation Response RNA-Binding Protein 2.

Transactivation response (TAR) RNA-binding protein 2 (TRBP) plays a critical role in microRNA (miRNA) biosynthesis, with aberrant expression linked to various cancers. Previously, we identified , a phenyloxazole derivative that disrupts the TRBP-Dicer interaction in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we optimized this scaffold and substituent, leading to the discovery of , a 2-phenylthiazole-5-carboxylic acid derivative with nanomolar inhibitory activity (EC = 0.

GLP-1/GIP dual agonist tirzepatide normalizes diabetic nephropathy via PI3K/AKT mediated suppression of oxidative stress.

Background: Effective therapeutic approaches for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy (DN) with irreversible deterioration of renal function are currently lacking. In this study, we aimed to investigate the ability of the glucagon-likepeptide-1 (GLP-1)/ gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) dual agonist, tirzepatide to alleviate DN in mice and its underlying mechanisms.

Methods: We investigated the reno-protective effect of semaglutide and tirzepatide in a mouse model of DN, an insulin-treated positive control group was also included.

Influence of sludge biochar at different carbonization temperatures on anammox process.

Adding biochar can expedite the establishment of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) process and improve the nitrogen removal efficiency of the anammox reactor. However, the optimization research of biochar derived from dewatered sludge on anammox is relatively limited. In this study, four sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) were compared for the enrichment of anammox bacteria using synthetic wastewater with sludge biochar carbonized at temperatures of 300°C, 550°C, and 800°C, and without biochar (CK).

The relationship between impostor phenomenon and career decision-making difficulties among nursing interns: the mediating role of psychological resilience.

Background: In the face of a global nursing shortage, nursing interns are crucial to sustaining the healthcare workforce. However, these interns encounter significant challenges in career decision-making, often exacerbated by the impostor phenomenon, which impedes their capacity to make informed choices. Despite its importance, little research has been reported on the specific conditions and contributing factors that affect nursing interns' career decision-making processes.

Strongly concealed adversarial attack against text classification models with limited queries.

In black-box scenarios, adversarial attacks against text classification models face challenges in ensuring highly available adversarial samples, especially a high number of invalid queries under long texts. The existing methods select distractors by comparing the confidence vector differences obtained before and after deleting words, and the query increases linearly with the length of the text, making it difficult to apply to attack scenarios with limited queries. Generating adversarial samples based on a thesaurus can lead to semantic inconsistencies and even grammatical errors, making it easy for the target model to recognize adversarial samples and resulting in a low success rate of attacks.

Neuroprotective Role of Transchalcone in Parkinson's Disease through AMP-activated Protein Kinase-mediated Signaling Pathway.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a gradually worsening neurodegenerative condition marked by the deterioration of dopaminergic neurons, motor dysfunction, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Trans-chalcone, a natural flavonoid, has shown promise in various disease models because of its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory features. This study investigates the neuroprotective effects of transchalcone in a rat model of PD, focusing on its impact on the activation levels of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway, sirtuin1 (SIRT1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) proteins, and mitochondrial-inflammatory responses.

Cyclovirobuxine D inhibits triple-negative breast cancer via YAP/TAZ suppression and activation of the FOXO3a/PINK1-Parkin pathway-induced mitophagy.

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by its rapid progression and aggressive nature, with limited effective therapeutic interventions currently available. Cyclovirobuxine D (CVB-D), a natural alkaloid extracted from the traditional Chinese herb Buxus sinica, is renowned for its cardioprotective and anti-ischemic effects, demonstrating notable anti-cancer properties. Nevertheless, the anti-tumor effects of CVB-D on TNBC remain unverified.

A miniature and efficient colorimetric system assisted by the microplasma jet array for Cr (VI) detection.

Microplasma jet (MPJ), serving as excitation sources in miniaturized systems, has been widely used for contaminant detection. However, the employment of the MPJ is conditioned due to the limit generation of the radicals. Here, a novel 4-channel microplasma jet array (MPJA) is designed for 3,3,5,5-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) rapid oxidation without oxidizing reagents and catalysts.

Structural-Functional Integrated Graphene-Skinned Aramid Fibers for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding.

Structural-functional integrated polymer fibers with exciting properties are increasingly important for next-generation technologies. Herein, we report the structural-functional integrated graphene-skinned aramid fiber (GRAF) featuring high conductivity, high strength, and light weight, which is weaved for efficient electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding. Graphene was self-assembled onto the surface of aramid fibers through a dip-coating strategy using an aramid polyanion (APA) as the binder and the etchant.

Efficient light field acquisition for integral imaging with adaptive viewport optimization.

Light field displays reconstruct 3D scenes through integral imaging. However, inefficient light ray acquisition degrades the visual experience, while the fixed position of the exit pupil limits viewer mobility. In this paper, we propose a novel light field acquisition method employing parallax mapping techniques, coupled with adaptive viewport optimization based on eye tracking data.

Sequential decline in cyanobacterial, total prokaryotic, and eukaryotic responses to backward flow in a river connected to Lake Taihu.

River ecosystems face escalating challenges due to altered flow regimes from human activities, such as urbanization with hydrological modifications. Understanding the role of microbial communities for ecosystems with changing flow regimes is still incomplete and remains at the frontier of aquatic microbial ecology. In particular, influences of riverine backward flow on the aquatic biota remain largely unknown.

Numerical simulation of the physical response of shale oil reservoirs under microwave and steam synergy and single heating methods.

This article is the first to simulate the changes in temperature, porosity, permeability, and displacement of oil shale reservoirs under microwave followed by steam and steam followed by microwave and to analyze the oil shale reservoirs under single steam and microwave in comparison, aiming to find out the most suitable way for in-situ exploitation of oil shale among the four types of heating methods. From the results of COMSOL Multiphysics field software, the average temperatures of the reservoir under 600 W single microwave heating, 650 °C single steam heating, steam followed by microwave heating, and microwave followed by steam heating were 570.15, 528.