Neuregulin 1 improved gastric motility and reduced gastric inflammation by activating the α7nAChR through the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway in diabetic rats.

Diabetic gastroparesis (DGP), a prevalent complication of diabetes, is characterized by delayed gastric emptying and inflammation. The dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV) plays a crucial role in modulating gastric function via the vagus nerve. Neuregulin 1 (NRG1), which is present in the DMV and influences the autonomic nervous system, has an unclear role in DGP.

6PPD induces cerebrovascular defects by triggering oxidative stress and ferroptosis in zebrafish.

N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD), which is widely used as an antiozonant in rubber tires, has recently got much attention for its acute aquatic toxicity. However, the developmental toxicity of 6PPD in cerebrovascular network remains unknown. Here, we investigated the effects of 6PPD exposure in cerebral vascular using zebrafish.

Understanding the Past to Preserve the Future: Genomic Insights Into the Conservation Management of a Critically Endangered Waterbird.

To ensure the success of genetic rescue, we must minimise the potential negative effects of outbreeding depression that may arise from selecting source populations. The difficulty in assessing the likelihood of outbreeding depression has hindered its consideration in endangered species conservation. However, genomic research offers feasible indications.

Therapeutic potential of in gastrointestinal and hepatic disease.

Increasing evidences indicate that the gut microbiota is involved in the development and therapy of gastrointestinal and hepatic disease. Imbalance of gut microbiota occurs in the early stages of diseases, and maintaining the balance of the gut microbiota provides a new strategy for the treatment of diseases. It has been reported that is associated with multiple diseases.

A comparative study of the quality differences and seasonal dynamics of flavonoids between the aerial parts and roots of .

Introduction: D. Don is a widely cultivated Chinese herbal medicine known for its medicinal properties. However, differences in the spatial distribution of metabolites, accumulation patterns of flavonoids, and pharmacological activities between the aerial parts and roots of still remain unclear, posing challenges for its standardized cultivation and quality control.

Polyphenol Mediated Assembly: Tailored Nano-Dredger Unblocks Axonal Autophagosomes Retrograde Transport Traffic Jam for Accelerated Alzheimer's Waste Clearance.

Clear-cut evidence has linked defective autophagy to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent studies underscore a unique hurdle in AD neuronal autophagy: impaired retrograde axonal transport of autophagosomes, potent enough to induce autophagic stress and neurodegeneration. Nonetheless, pertinent therapy is unavailable.

Strength Properties and Microscopic Experimental Study of Modified Sawdust Based on Solid Waste Synergistic Utilization.

Sawdust is the cutting tailings produced during stone processing, which is difficult to deal with and has a huge stock. Therefore, it is particularly important to enhance the comprehensive utilization of sawdust. The aim of this study was to synergistically utilize sawdust with other industrial wastes (fly ash, silt, and red mud), add cement as a curing agent to prepare modified sawdust, and analyze its performance through an unconfined compressive strength test, dry and wet cycle tests, and SEM.

Effect of Hydrophobic Fumed Silica on Bending Strength of Sodium Silicate-Bonded Sand Cores.

Inorganic sand cores involving sodium silicate binder and microsilica have environmental advantages during the casting process of aluminum alloy. Nevertheless, the bending strength of sodium silicate-bonded sand (SSBS) needs to be further improved. In this research, the effect of hydrophobic fumed silica on the bending strength of sand cores was studied.

The Impact of Social Media on Children's Mental Health: A Systematic Scoping Review.

Background: In the digital age, safeguarding children's mental health (CMH) has emerged as one of the most pressing challenges. The rapid evolution of social media (SM) from a basic networking platform to a multifaceted tool has introduced numerous conveniences. However, it has also posed significant challenges to children's mental well-being.

2'-Hydroxycinnamaldehyde, a Natural Product from Cinnamon, Alleviates Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Microvascular Dysfunction and Oxidative Damage in Rats by Upregulating Cytosolic BAG3 and Nrf2/HO-1.

2'-Hydroxycinnamaldehyde (HCA), a natural product isolated from the bark of , has anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activities. In this study, we explored whether HCA preconditioning could protect the heart against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced oxidative injury through cytosolic Bcl-2-associated athanogene 3 (BAG3) upregulation. In vivo HCA preconditioning was performed intraperitoneally in adult male Wistar rats (50 mg/kg body weight) three times/week for 2 weeks before cardiac I/R injury.

Novel Insights into Pigment Composition and Molecular Mechanisms Governing Flower Coloration in Rose Cultivars Exhibiting Diverse Petal Hues.

The pigmentation of various components leads to different colors of roses. However, the intricate molecular machinery and metabolic pathways underlying rose pigmentation remain largely unexplored. In this study, we determined that pink and black-red petals contain abundant anthocyanins, reaching concentrations of 800 μg/g and 1400 μg/g, respectively, significantly surpassing those in white and yellow petals.

Detection of Pear Quality Using Hyperspectral Imaging Technology and Machine Learning Analysis.

The non-destructive detection of fruit quality is indispensable in the agricultural and food industries. This study aimed to explore the application of hyperspectral imaging (HSI) technology, combined with machine learning, for a quality assessment of pears, so as to provide an efficient technical method. Six varieties of pears were used for inspection, including 'Sucui No.

Deep Learning-Based Object Detection Strategies for Disease Detection and Localization in Chest X-Ray Images.

Background And Objectives: Chest X-ray (CXR) images are commonly used to diagnose respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. However, traditional manual interpretation is often subjective, time-consuming, and prone to errors, leading to inconsistent detection accuracy and poor generalization. In this paper, we present deep learning-based object detection methods for automatically identifying and annotating abnormal regions in CXR images.

Non-metallic surface-modified X-Cu (X = F, Cl, Br) metal catalysts for all-pH hydrogen evolution reaction with high performance.

Producing hydrogen through water electrolysis represents a clean and sustainable solution that is crucial in addressing the energy crisis. Nonetheless, the slow process of water electrolysis leads to large different kinetics for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) under different pH solutions. Here, we designed surface modified metallic X-Cu catalysts (X = F, Cl, Br) with different non-metallic elements on nickel foam (NF) using an electrochemical deposition method, which realizes high performance for all-pH range.

Current State and New Horizons in Applications of Physiologically Based Biopharmaceutics Modeling (PBBM): A Workshop Report.

This report summarizes the proceedings for Day 3 of the workshop titled "". This day focused on the current and future drug product quality applications of PBBM from the innovator and generic industries as well as the regulatory agencies perspectives. The presentations, which included several case studies, covered the applications of PBBM in generic drug product development, applications of virtual bioequivalence trials to support formulation bridging and the utility of absorption modeling in clinical pharmacology assessments.

Zoledronic Acid Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Osteoclastogenesis by Suppressing Macrophage NLRP3-Mediated Autophagy Pathway.

Introduction: Inflammatory factors leading to bone loss significantly increase the risk of tooth loosening or implantation failure. Zoledronic acid (ZOL) is a widely used medication for effectively inhibiting excessive bone destruction, but its effect on alleviating inflammatory bone loss remains to be elucidated. In this study, we investigated whether ZOL alleviates inflammatory bone resorption through immunomodulatory effect.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy vs upfront surgery for resectable locally advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma: A retrospective single center study.

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common cancers in humans. The role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in OSCC remains controversial.

Objectives: The study aimed to investigate the effect of NAC on locally advanced OSCC and identify prognostic factors varying is different therapies to ultimately guide the optimal selection of future treatment.

Integration of spatial multiplexed protein imaging and transcriptomics in the human kidney tracks the regenerative potential timeline of proximal tubules.

The organizational principles of nephronal segments are based on longstanding anatomical and physiological attributes that are closely linked to the homeostatic functions of the kidney. Novel molecular approaches have recently uncovered layers of deeper signatures and states in tubular cells that arise at various timepoints on the spectrum between health and disease. For example, a dedifferentiated state of proximal tubular cells with mesenchymal stemness markers is frequently seen after injury.

Modeling and predicting single-cell multi-gene perturbation responses with scLAMBDA.

Understanding cellular responses to genetic perturbations is essential for understanding gene regulation and phenotype formation. While high-throughput single-cell RNA-sequencing has facilitated detailed profiling of heterogeneous transcriptional responses to perturbations at the single-cell level, there remains a pressing need for computational models that can decode the mechanisms driving these responses and accurately predict outcomes to prioritize target genes for experimental design. Here, we present scLAMBDA, a deep generative learning framework designed to model and predict single-cell transcriptional responses to genetic perturbations, including single-gene and combinatorial multi-gene perturbations.

Estrogen Receptor β Alleviates Colitis by Inhibiting Ferroptosis in Intestinal Epithelial Cells.

Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC), a major type of inflammatory bowel disease, is characterized by chronic inflammation of the colonic mucosa and submucosa. Estrogen receptor β (ERβ) predominates in the colon and exerts anti-inflammatory effects. Ferroptosis, a recently discovered form of iron-dependent programmed cell death, is implicated in the pathogenesis of several diseases, including UC.

A photo-triggered dual-gas donor of nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide with fluorescence for real-time monitoring of its release.

Multi-gaseous signal molecules play a significant role in regulating various physiological and pathological processes. Therefore, studying the synergistic effects of multi-gas donors on biological systems is essential. However, different types of gas donors vary significantly in terms of gas release, including location, dose, and flux.

Advanced Ruthenium-Based Electrocatalysts for NO Reduction to Ammonia.

Ammonia (NH) is widely recognized as a crucial raw material for nitrogen-based fertilizer production and eco-friendly hydrogen-rich fuels. Currently, the Haber-Bosch process still dominates the worldwide industrial NH production, which consumes substantial energy and contributes to enormous CO emission. As an alternative NH synthesis route, electrocatalytic reduction of NO species (NO , NO , and NO) to NH has gained considerable attention due to its advantages such as flexibility, low power consumption, sustainability, and environmental friendliness.