Mechanochemical destruction of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) using boron carbide (BC).

Widespread detection in soils and sediments underscores the potential threats posed by persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) to ecosystems and organisms. Nevertheless, the formidable energy of the C-F bond imparts stability and hampers degradation. This study investigates the potential of boron carbide (BC), a hard-ceramic material often utilized in armor and abrasion contexts, for degrading solid-phase PFOS through ball milling.

Pathogenic Factor Analysis of Shoulder Periarthritis and Design of Virtual Reality Exercise Intervention System.

Shoulder periarthritis, a prevalent musculoskeletal disorder, causes significant pain and functional impairment, severely affecting patients' quality of life. With the increasing incidence of shoulder periarthritis linked to modern lifestyle changes, effective prevention and treatment strategies remain elusive. This study explores two areas: first, identifying risk factors for shoulder periarthritis through Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, and second, designing a motion intervention system incorporating MediaPipe and virtual reality (VR) technology.

Polyketide production in a mangrove-associated fungus , induced by chemical epigenetic modification.

Studies on the chemical composition of endophytic fungus , isolated from the L., by using epigenetic modification to activate clusters of biosynthetic genes that are silenced or poorly expressed in fungi, resulting in obtainment of ten polyketides. Among these compounds were six new compounds, including cytosporin E2 (), cytosporin D1 (), cytosporin G1 (), cytosporin J1 (), cytosporin K1 (), cytosporin F1 (), and four known compounds, cytosporin E (), cytosporin Y3 (), cytosporin D (), and cytosporin L ().

Pyridoxine supplementation before puberty ameliorates MAM-induced cognitive and sensorimotor gating impairments.

Schizophrenia is a kind of neurodevelopmental mental disorder in which patients begin to experience changes early in their development, typically manifesting around or after puberty and has a fluctuating course. Environmental disturbances during adolescence may be a risk factor for schizophrenia-like deficits. As a better treatment option, preventive intervention prior to schizophrenia may be more beneficial than direct treatment.

Establishment and bioinformatics analysis of a four-miRNA prognostic signature for pleural mesothelioma.

Pleural mesothelioma (PM), an uncommon yet highly aggressive malignant neoplasm, has a very poor prognosis with a median survival of less than one year after diagnosis, morbidity and mortality due to PM are on the rise year by year worldwide. Our research aims to utilize molecular characteristics and microRNAs (miRNAs) as a breakthrough in predicting the survival of PM patients, hoping to find a molecular mechanism that can predict the survival of PM patients. The miRNA expression profiles and corresponding clinical information of patients with PM were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, a miRNA-based prognostic signature was developed using Cox regression analysis in the training cohort, which was validated in the testing cohort and complete cohort.

A new classification system for distal clavicle fractures: based on fracture location and ligament integrity.

Introduction: Although various classification systems have been introduced for the description of distal clavicle fractures, there is no consensus on the best classification system that is helpful in determining treatment and prognosis. The objective of this study was to establish a new classification system for distal clavicle fractures and to verify the reliability of the new classification system by evaluating the inter- and intraobserver agreement.

Materials And Methods: A total of 1075 consecutive patients with distal clavicle fractures were selected from five university-affiliated hospitals between 2012 and 2022.

COVID-19-Associated Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura in a Hemodialysis Patient.

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection has been a global threat since the end of 2019. Although the main clinical manifestation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is respiratory, its range of clinical manifestation is extensive and may include various systems, including hematological disorders, such as lymphopenia, thrombotic events, thrombocytopenia and immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). The present case was the first one that aimed to raise awareness of ITP induced by COVID-19 in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis.

Non-contact measurement method of liquid composition using microwave radar cross-section.

This study aims to provide a non-contact detection of liquid composition inside containers using Microwave Radar Cross-section (RCS) measurement technology. Firstly, it analyzes the limitations of traditional near-infrared spectroscopy methods and proposes the necessity of introducing microwave detection methods. The research demonstrates through experiments a significant correlation between polar substances like total acid content and radar scattering capability, showing microwave radar's effectiveness in reflecting the polarity characteristics of liquids.

Cortical structure of left superior parietal cortex is associated with cognition and dual tasking: A cross-sectional preliminary study between mild cognitive impairment and healthy controls.

Background: Individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) exhibit poorer performance in cognition and dual-task paradigm, while the related cortical thickness and surface area alterations remains unclear.

Methods: Thirty participants with MCI and thirty healthy controls (HC) were recruited. Magnetic resonance imaging, cognitive assessments and dual-task Timed Up and Go test (DT-TUG) were performed to assess cerebral cortical thickness and surface area, cognitive functions, and dual-task cost (DTC) of the execution time in TUG.

Renal microangiopathy induced by lenvatinib in hepatocellular carcinoma: a case report and literature review.

Lenvatinib, a multi-target inhibitor of receptor tyrosine kinases, has been increasingly used in the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, its association with renal adverse effects, including proteinuria and renal microvascular complications, was not fully understood in HCC patients. We reported a case of a 68-year-old male with a history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, diagnosed with primary HCC in 2015.

Associations between dairy and alcohol consumption and major depressive disorder in a mendelian randomization study.

This study explored the link between diet and major depressive disorder (MDD) to provide fresh insights for MDD prevention. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with common foods, such as meat, bread, cheese, fruits, cereals, vegetables, and four alcohol intake categories, were leveraged as instrumental variables. Accordingly, this study employed the inverse variance weighting (IVW) method to evaluate the genetically predicted associations of different food phenotypes with MDD risk.

Effect of Remimazolam- Vs Propofol-Based Intravenous Anesthesia on Surgical Stress Response and Post-Operative Immune Function in Patients with Gastric Radical Surgery.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the impact of remimazolam-based versus propofol-based intravenous anesthesia on surgical stress and post-operative immune function in patients undergoing gastric radical surgery.

Patients And Methods: Sixty-eight patients aged 50 to 80 undergoing gastric radical surgery were randomly assigned to the remimazolam group (group R) or the propofol group (group P), receiving remimazolam or propofol-based intravenous anesthesia, respectively. The primary outcome measured was peri-operative serum stress indicators and lymphocyte subtypes.

Association between prognostic nutritional index and mortality risk in patients with community-acquired pneumonia: a retrospective study.

Background: The prognostic nutritional index (PNI), reflecting the body's immune-nutritional status, has been established as a correlate of prognosis across various diseases. However, its significance in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains unclear. This study investigated the relationship between PNI and clinical outcomes in CAP patients.

EZH2 inhibition or genetic ablation suppresses cyst growth in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.

Background: Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) is a prevalent genetic disorder characterized by the formation of renal cysts leading to kidney failure. Despite known genetic underpinnings, the variability in disease progression suggests additional regulatory layers, including epigenetic modifications.

Methods: We utilized various ADPKD models, including Pkd1 and Ezh2 conditional knockout (Pkd1:Ezh2) mice, to explore the role of Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2) in cystogenesis.

Integrated mRNA-seq and miRNA-seq analysis reveals key transcription factors of HNF4α and KLF4 in ADPKD.

Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) is the most prevalent genetic disorder affecting the kidneys. Understanding epigenetic regulatory mechanisms and the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) is crucial for developing therapeutic interventions. Two mRNA datasets (GSE7869 and GSE35831) and miRNA expression data (GSE133530) from ADPKD patients were used to find differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs), with a focus on genes regulated by hub transcription factors (TFs) and their target genes.

GlandSAM: Injecting Morphology Knowledge into Segment Anything Model for Label-free Gland Segmentation.

This paper presents a label-free gland segmentation, GlandSAM, which achieves comparable performance with supervised methods while no label is required during its training or inference phase. We observe that the Segment Anything model produces sub-optimal results on gland dataset: It either over-segments a gland into many fractions or under-segments the gland regions by confusing many of them with the background, due to the complex morphology of glands and lack of sufficient labels. To address this challenge, our GlandSAM innovatively injects two clues about gland morphology into SAM to guide the segmentation process: (1) Heterogeneity within glands and (2) Similarity with the background.

Aspirin reduces the mortality risk of patients with community-acquired pneumonia: a retrospective propensity-matched analysis of the MIMIC-IV database.

Background: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common infectious disease characterized by inflammation of the lung parenchyma in individuals who have not recently been hospitalized. It remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Aspirin is a widely used drug, often administered to CAP patients.

Prolonged elevated heart rate is association with adverse outcome in severe pulmonary embolism: A retrospective study.

Background: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a critical condition characterized by the obstruction of pulmonary arteries by thrombi, which significantly contributes to morbidity and mortality globally. Although prolonged elevated heart rate (peHR) is recognized as a risk factor for adverse outcomes in critically ill patients, its specific impact on severe PE has remained unexplored.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed data from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC)-IV database.

Narrow-bandwidth silicon photonic CROW filter for carrier-extracted self-coherent (CESC) detection.

In this Letter, we report a second-order silicon photonic (SiP) coupled resonator optical waveguide (CROW) filter with an ultra-narrow 10-dB bandwidth of 1.75 GHz and a high extinction ratio (ER) of ∼50 dB. By utilizing this CROW filter, we demonstrated an innovative self-coherent detection, called carrier-extracted self-coherent (CESC) detection.