NnARF17 and NnARF18 from lotus promote root formation and modulate stress tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana.

Auxin response factors (ARFs) play a crucial role in regulating gene expression within the auxin signal transduction pathway, particularly during adventitious root (AR) formation. In this investigation, we identified full-length sequences for ARF17 and ARF18, encompassing 1,800 and 2,055 bp, encoding 599 and 684 amino acid residues, respectively. Despite exhibiting low sequence homology, the ARF17- and ARF18-encoded proteins displayed significant structural similarity and shared identical motifs.

Lignin Synthesis, Affected by Sucrose in Lotus () Seedlings, Was Involved in Regulation of Root Formation in the .

Adventitious roots (ARs) have an unmatched status in plant growth and metabolism due to the degeneration of primary roots in lotuses. In the present study, we sought to assess the effect of sucrose on ARs formation and observed that lignin synthesis was involved in ARs development. We found that the lignification degree of the ARs primordium was weaker in plants treated with 20 g/L sucrose than in 50 g/L sucrose treatment and control plants.

Genome Wide Identification of () Genes in and Functional Analysis of in Cold Tolerance.

Respiratory burst oxidase homologs (Rbohs) are critical enzymes involved in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that play an important role in plant growth and development as well as various biotic and abiotic stresses in plants. Thus far, there have been few reports on the characterization of the gene family in . In this study, seven genes (~) were identified in the genome.

Gene expression profiling reveals the effects of light on adventitious root formation in lotus seedlings (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.).

Background: Lotus is an aquatic horticultural crop that is widely cultivated in most regions of China and is used as an important off-season vegetable. The principal root of lotus is degenerated, and adventitious roots (ARs) are irreplaceable for plant growth. We found that no ARs formed under darkness and that exposure to high-intensity light significantly promoted the development of root primordia.

Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed the cooperative regulation of sucrose and IAA on adventitious root formation in lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn).

Background: In China, lotus is an important cultivated crop with multiple applications in ornaments, food, and environmental purification. Adventitious roots (ARs), a secondary root is necessary for the uptake of nutrition and water as the lotus principle root is underdeveloped. Therefore, AR formation in seedlings is very important for lotus breeding due to its effect on plant early growth.

Molecular cloning and functional analysis of lotus salt-induced NnDREB2C, NnPIP1-2 and NnPIP2-1 in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Dehydration-responsive element bindings transcription factor (DREBs) and plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIPs) have been characterized multi-functions in plant growth and metabolism, as well as in the adaptation to various stresses. In this study, we cloned the full-length cDNA of NnDREB2C from a salt-tolerated lotus species with RT-PCR methods. Analysis of qRT-PCR demonstrated that NnDREB2C mRNA in the leaf dramatically increased after the treatments of NaCl, abscisic acid, low temperature and mannitol.

Transcriptome analysis of miRNAs expression reveals novel insights into adventitious root formation in lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.).

MicroRNA (miRNA)-regulated gene expression plays an important role in various plant metabolic processes. Although adventitious roots are critical to plant growth in lotus, the role of miRNA in AR formation remains unclear. Expression profiling of miRNAs was carried out during three different developmental stages of ARs in lotus: no induction of AR stage, initial stage of ARs, and maximum number of ARs.

Transcriptome profiling reveals an IAA-regulated response to adventitious root formation in lotus seedling.

Adventitious roots (ARs) of lotus (Nelumbonucifera Gaertn.) play a critical role in water and nutrient uptake. We found that exogenously applied 10-μM indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) promoted the formation of ARs, while 150-μM IAA significantly inhibited the emergence of ARs.

Activity and expression of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase during rhizome formation in lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.).

Background: Lotus root is a traditional and popular aquatic vegetable in China. Starch is an important component of the rhizome and directly affects the quality of processed products. ADP -glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) is a rate-limiting enzyme associated with starch biosynthesis in plants.

Transcriptome Analysis of Gene Expression during Chinese Water Chestnut Storage Organ Formation.

The product organ (storage organ; corm) of the Chinese water chestnut has become a very popular food in Asian countries because of its unique nutritional value. Corm formation is a complex biological process, and extensive whole genome analysis of transcripts during corm development has not been carried out. In this study, four corm libraries at different developmental stages were constructed, and gene expression was identified using a high-throughput tag sequencing technique.

Structure and physicochemical properties of starches in lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) rhizome.

The type and content of starch are believed to be the most critical factors in determining the storage and processing quality of lotus rhizome species, and the intention of this study is to survey the structure and properties of starches isolated from rhizomes of two lotus cultivars using X-ray powder diffraction, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, differential scanning calorimetry, and rapid viscosity analyzer (RVA). Starch in rhizome of cultivar Meirenhong exhibited C-type X-ray diffraction pattern, while starch in rhizome of cultivar Wawalian showed A-type pattern. (13)C cross-polarization magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C CP-MAS NMR) also confirmed the polymorphs.

Genome-Wide Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes Relevant to Rhizome Formation in Lotus Root (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn).

Lotus root is a popular wetland vegetable which produces edible rhizome. At the molecular level, the regulation of rhizome formation is very complex, which has not been sufficiently addressed in research. In this study, to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in lotus root, four libraries (L1 library: stolon stage, L2 library: initial swelling stage, L3 library: middle swelling stage, L4: later swelling stage) were constructed from the rhizome development stages.

Identification of differentially expressed genes relevant to corm formation in Sagittaria trifolia.

Sagittaria trifolia is a good model of wetland plants to elucidate the formation of corm. However, few studies have been conducted to uncover the complexity of gene expression involved in corm formation. In this study, high-throughput tag-sequencing based on Solexa Genome Analyzer Platform was applied to monitor the changes in gene expression with three libraries of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (C1 library: stolon stage, C2 library: initial swelling stage and C3 library: swelling stage) during corm formation in Sagittaria trifolia.

Isolation and functional characterization of a salt responsive transcriptional factor, LrbZIP from lotus root (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn).

Basic leucine zipper transcription factor (bZIP) is involved in signaling transduction for various stress responses. Here we reported a bZIP transcription factor (accession: JX887153) isolated from a salt-resistant lotus root using cDNA-AFLP approach with RT-PCR and RACE-PCR method. Full-length cDNA which consisted of a single open reading frame encoded a putative polypeptide of 488 amino acids.

Effects of tannic acid on gluten protein structure, dough properties and bread quality of Chinese wheat.

Background: The effects of tannic acid, which is present in many plants, on the structure of gluten proteins and the properties of dough and bread were studied. Tannic acid was added at levels of 0.01, 0.

[Changes of aquaporins 1 expression in the contused lung of rats].

Objective: To investigate the expression changes of aquaporins 1 (AQP1) in contused lung tissue of rats and its relationship with pulmonary edema.

Methods: SD rats were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The pulmonary contusion models were then prepared.

GMCHI, cloned from soybean [Glycine max (L.) Meer.], enhances survival in transgenic Arabidopsis under abiotic stress.

Plants respond to cold stress by modifying the expression of a battery of cold-responsive genes. Using cDNA-AFLP techniques, GMCHI (G lycine m ax chilling-inducible) (accession no. EU699765) was isolated from the embryonic axis of a chilling-resistant cultivar of soybean seed imbibed at 4 degrees C for 24 h.

[Apoptosis in myocardial cells after macleaya cordata total alkaloids poisoning in rats].

Objective: To observe pathological changes and apoptosis in rats myocardial cells after Macleaya cordata total alkaloids poisoning, and to provide some references for Macleaya cordata total alkaloids poisoning detection.

Methods: An experimental model of Macleaya cordata total alkaloids poisoning was established, and the technology of TUNEL staining was used.The results were analyzed by computer image analysis competitive system.

[Experimental pathological study of acute intoxication by Chloranthus serratus Roem. Et Schalt].

Objective: To find out the pathological change and the toxic mechanism of Chloranthus serratus Roem. et Schalt in mice.

Methods: Mice were intoxicated by oral administration with extracts of Chloranthus serratus Roem.

[The expression of dystrophin in human viral myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy].

Objective: In order to improve the accuracy and reliability in sudden cardiac death, the pathogenesis and relationship between the viral myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy were investigated.

Methods: Improved immunohistochemical technique was adopted to detect the expression of the dystrophin in myocardium from 25 viral myocarditis, 28 dilated cardiomyopathy and 17 control cases including normal, coronary atherosclerotic heart disease and hypertension heart disease as control.

Results: The positive rate of dystrophin protein expression in control group was 100%, that in viral myocarditis was 88%, and that in dilated cardiomyopathy was 57%, There were significant differences among three groups (P<0.