Single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveals circadian rhythm disruption associated with poor prognosis and drug-resistance in lung adenocarcinoma.

Circadian rhythm disruption (CRD) represents a major contributor to tumor proliferation. Nonetheless, the role of CRD in the clinical prediction of cancer outcomes has not been well studied. In this study, we developed a computational algorithm, which was implemented in an open-source R package CRDscore, to define the intratumoral status of circadian disruption in three representative single-cell RNA-seq data sets of lung adenocarcinoma.

iTRAQ-based proteomic and physiological analyses of broccoli sprouts in response to exogenous melatonin with ZnSO stress.

Exogenous melatonin (10 μM) enhances ZnSO (4 mM) stress tolerance and regulates the isothiocyanate content of broccoli sprouts. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanism underlying the role of melatonin in isothiocyanate metabolism under ZnSO stress is unclear. The effects of exogenous melatonin on growth and isothiocyanate metabolism in broccoli sprouts under ZnSO stress during germination were investigated by physio-biochemical methods, quantification of relative gene expression levels, and the isobaric tags for the relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) labelling technique.

Abnormal global alternative RNA splicing in COVID-19 patients.

Viral infections can alter host transcriptomes by manipulating host splicing machinery. Despite intensive transcriptomic studies on SARS-CoV-2, a systematic analysis of alternative splicing (AS) in severe COVID-19 patients remains largely elusive. Here we integrated proteomic and transcriptomic sequencing data to study AS changes in COVID-19 patients.

Comparative Analysis Between Machine Learning Algorithms and Conventional Regression in Predicting the Prognosis of Patients with Basilar Invagination: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Aim: To identify predictors of basilar invagination (BI) prognosis and compare diagnostic properties between logistic modeling and machine learning methods.

Material And Methods: We conducted a single-center retrospective study. Patients at our hospital who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were identified between August 2015 and August 2020 for inclusion.

Venovenous vs. Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Infection-Associated Severe Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Prospective Multicenter Cohort Study.

Background: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been increasingly used as rescue therapy for severe pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS) over the past decade. However, a contemporary comparison of venovenous (VV) and venoarterial (VA) ECMO in PARDS has yet to be well described. Therefore, the objective of our study was to assess the difference between VV and VA ECMO in efficacy and safety for infection-associated severe PARDS patients.

Deep-Precognitive Diagnosis: Preventing Future Pandemics by Novel Disease Detection With Biologically-Inspired Conv-Fuzzy Network.

Deep learning-based Computer-Aided Diagnosis has gained immense attention in recent years due to its capability to enhance diagnostic performance and elucidate complex clinical tasks. However, conventional supervised deep learning models are incapable of recognizing novel diseases that do not exist in the training dataset. Automated early-stage detection of novel infectious diseases can be vital in controlling their rapid spread.

68 Ga-FAPI-04 Versus 18 F-FDG PET/CT in a Case With Intimal Sarcoma of the Pulmonary Artery.

Intimal sarcoma of the pulmonary artery is a rare entity, mimicking acute or chronic pulmonary thromboembolism. We describe 68 Ga-FAPI-04 and 18 F-FDG PET/CT findings in a case with intimal sarcoma of the pulmonary artery. The intrapulmonary artery tumor showed inhomogeneously increased FDG and FAPI uptake.

Clinical Roles of Risk Model Based on Differentially Expressed Genes in Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Prognosis and Immunity of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an important regulatory role in the progression of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the TME might contribute to the occurrence and development of cancer. This study evaluates the role of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of MSCs and the development of NSCLC and develops a prognostic risk model to assess the therapeutic responses.

Single tunnel technique versus coracoid sling technique for arthroscopic treatment of acute acromioclavicular joint dislocation.

To evaluate and compare the efficacy of two techniques for the treatment of acute acromioclavicular joint dislocation, the charts of 60 patients diagnosed with acute Rockwood type IV and V acromioclavicular joint dislocation that undergone arthroscopic fixation procedure with single tunnel technique (N = 30, 30.7 ± 5.7 years old) or coracoid sling technique (N = 30, 30.

Genetic variants associated mRNA stability in lung.

Background: Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) analyses have been widely used to identify genetic variants associated with gene expression levels to understand what molecular mechanisms underlie genetic traits. The resultant eQTLs might affect the expression of associated genes through transcriptional or post-transcriptional regulation. In this study, we attempt to distinguish these two types of regulation by identifying genetic variants associated with mRNA stability of genes (stQTLs).

Tumor cell intrinsic and extrinsic features predict prognosis in estrogen receptor positive breast cancer.

Although estrogen-receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer is generally associated with favorable prognosis, clinical outcome varies substantially among patients. Genomic assays have been developed and applied to predict patient prognosis for personalized treatment. We hypothesize that the recurrence risk of ER+ breast cancer patients is determined by both genomic mutations intrinsic to tumor cells and extrinsic immunological features in the tumor microenvironment.

Comparison of the diagnostic efficacy of Ga-FAPI-04 PET/MR and F-FDG PET/CT in patients with pancreatic cancer.

Purpose: We sought to assess the performance of  Ga-FAPI-04 PET/MR for the diagnosis of primary tumours as well as metastatic lesions in patients with pancreatic cancer and to compare the results with those of F-FDG PET/CT.

Methods: Prospectively, we evaluated 33 patients suspected to have pancreatic adenocarcinoma, of whom thirty-two were confirmed by histopathology, and one had autoimmune pancreatitis confirmed by needle biopsy and glucocorticoid treatment. Within 1 week, each patient underwent both  Ga-FAPI-04 PET/MR and F-FDG PET/CT.

Addressing Extreme Propensity Scores in Estimating Counterfactual Survival Functions via the Overlap Weights.

The inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) approach is popular for evaluating causal effects in observational studies, but extreme propensity scores could bias the estimator and induce excessive variance. Recently, the overlap weighting approach has been proposed to alleviate this problem, which smoothly down-weights the subjects with extreme propensity scores. Although advantages of overlap weighting have been extensively demonstrated in literature with continuous and binary outcomes, research on its performance with time-to-event or survival outcomes is limited.

68 Ga-FAPI-04 Versus 18 F-FDG PET/CT in a Case of Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome.

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome is a rare inherited hamartomatous polyposis syndrome. We describe 68 Ga-FAPI-04 and 18 F-FDG PET/CT findings in a case of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome with primary duodenal clear cell sarcoma, peritoneal metastases, and multiple intestinal polyps varying in size. The duodenal tumor and its metastases showed increased FDG and FAPI uptake.

Risk Factors and Outcome Variables of Cardiorenal Syndrome Type 1 in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients.

Purpose: This study's goal was to explore risk factors affecting short-term prognosis of cardiorenal syndrome type 1 (CRS1) in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients.

Methods: In this retrospective analysis of CRS1 in AMI patients hospitalized from January 2011 to December 2014, the patients were classified into deceased or survivor groups. Clinical data, including demographics, laboratory results, and 28-day outcomes, were collected.

Fatty acid synthase (Fasn) inhibits the expression levels of immune response genes via alteration of alternative splicing in islet cells.

Background: Increasing evidence has shown that fatty acid synthase (Fasn) is associated with diabetes mellitus (DM) and insulin resistance, however, it remains unclear how Fasn upregulation leads to dysregulation of energy homeostasis in islet cells. Consequently, uncovering the function of Fasn in islet cells. Consequently, uncovering the function of FASN in islet cells is immensely important for finding a treatment target.

Clinical significance and outcomes of bilateral and unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve lymph node dissection in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A large-scale retrospective cohort study.

Background: The survival benefits of recurrent laryngeal nerve lymph node dissection (RLNLD) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) are still under debate, and the prognostic value of unilateral RLNLD has been rarely studied. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the clinical significance and outcomes of RLNLD in ESCC in a large-scale cohort study, to shed light on the outcomes of unilateral RLNLD, and to identify the factors that affect the prognostic outcome of RLNLD.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 1153 patients with thoracic ESCC who underwent right thoracotomy with lymphadenectomy.

[Low temperature plasma ablation and drug stent implantation for laryngotracheal atresia: a case report].

This paper reports a case of acquired laryngosis stenosis treated by arc plasma ablation, drug stent implantation and balloon dilatation. The patient with difficulty in pulling out the tube after intubation 3 years ago was diagnosed with laryngotracheal stenosis and treated with tracheotomy, in order to extubation. Physical examination showed that the metal trachea cannula in front of the neck was in position, unobstructed, and can be seen slightly inspiratory three concave sign when moving.

Expansion of bilin-based red light sensors in the subaerial desert cyanobacterium Nostoc flagelliforme.

Light is the crucial environmental signal for desiccation-tolerant cyanobacteria to activate photosynthesis and prepare for desiccation at dawn. However, the photobiological characteristics of desert cyanobacteria adaptation to one of the harshest habitats on Earth remain unresolved. In this study, we surveyed the genome of a subaerial desert cyanobacterium Nostoc flagelliforme and identified two phytochromes and seven cyanobacteriochromes (CBCRs) with one or more bilin-binding GAF (cGMP phosphodiesterase/adenylyl cyclase/FhlA) domains.

Understanding slow compression and decompression of frictionless soft granular matter by network analysis.

We consider dense granular systems in three spatial dimensions exposed to slow compression and decompression, below, during, above and well above jamming. The evolution of granular systems under slow deformation is non-trivial and involves smooth, continuous, reversible (de)compression periods, interrupted by fast, discontinuous, irreversible transition events. These events are often, but not always, associated with rearrangements of particles and of the contact network.

A framework to predict the applicability of Oncotype DX, MammaPrint, and E2F4 gene signatures for improving breast cancer prognostic prediction.

To improve cancer precision medicine, prognostic and predictive biomarkers are critically needed to aid physicians in deciding treatment strategies in a personalized fashion. Due to the heterogeneous nature of cancer, most biomarkers are expected to be valid only in a subset of patients. Furthermore, there is no current approach to determine the applicability of biomarkers.

Genome-wide interaction analysis identified low-frequency variants with sex disparity in lung cancer risk.

Differences by sex in lung cancer incidence and mortality have been reported which cannot be fully explained by sex differences in smoking behavior, implying existence of genetic and molecular basis for sex disparity in lung cancer development. However, the information about sex dimorphism in lung cancer risk is quite limited despite the great success in lung cancer association studies. By adopting a stringent two-stage analysis strategy, we performed a genome-wide gene-sex interaction analysis using genotypes from a lung cancer cohort including ~ 47 000 individuals with European ancestry.

Single-Crystal Nano-Subunits Assembled Accordion-Shape WNb O Framework with High Ionic/Electronic Conductivities towards Li-Ion Capacitors.

Recently, Li-ion capacitors (LICs) have drawn tremendous attention due to their high energy/power density along with long cycle life. Nevertheless, the slow kinetics and stability of the involved anodes as bottleneck barriers always result in the modest properties of devices. The exploration of advanced anodes with both high ionic and electronic conductivities as well as structural stability thus becomes more significant for practical applications of LICs.

Metabolomic Alterations in the Tear Fluids of Patients With Superior Limbic Keratoconjunctivitis.

Purpose: Superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis (SLK) is a bilateral, chronic inflammatory disease that recurs for up to several years; however, the fundamental processes involved in its pathogenic mechanisms remain unknown. We aimed to investigate the metabolomic alterations in the tear fluids of patients with superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis (SLK) compared with those of healthy volunteers (Ctrl group).

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study involving 42 subjects.