[TrkB receptor-dependent PV neurons regulate visual orientation discrimination in mice].

The neurotrophin-tyrosine receptor kinase B (TrkB) signaling pathway plays an important role in regulating the balance of excitation and inhibition in the primary visual cortex (V1). Previous studies have revealed its mechanism of regulating the level of cortical excitability by increasing the efficiency of excitatory transmission, but it has not been elucidated how TrkB receptors regulate the balance of excitation and inhibition through the inhibitory system, which in turn affects visual cortex function. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate how the TrkB signaling pathway specifically regulates the most important inhibitory neuron-PV neurons affects the visual cortex function of mice.

TNF-α and IL-8 levels are positively correlated with hypobaric hypoxic pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary vascular remodeling in rats.

The expression status of proinflammatory cytokines in high-altitude pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) has been well studied. However, the changes in interleukin (IL)-8 and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) during the reversible changes in pulmonary vascular remodeling (PVR) in PAH after detaching from a hypobaric hypoxic environment have not been elucidated. This investigation elucidated a high-altitude PAH rat model.

[Advances in the structure and physiological function of protein kinase CK2].

Protein kinase CK2 is a common, evolutionarily conserved and ubiquitous protein kinase. In recent years, increasing evidences have shown that CK2 has a variety of phosphorylated protein substrates, which play important roles in growth, development and various diseases. Therefore, CK2 may participate in these physiological processes by regulating the phosphorylation of these substrates.

Coherent frequency division with a degenerate synchronously pumped optical parametric oscillator.

Synchronously pumped optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) are important tools for frequency comb (FC) generation in the mid-IR spectral range, where few suitable laser gain materials exist. For degenerate OPOs, self-phase-locking to the pump FC has been demonstrated. Here, we present a phase noise study of the carrier envelope offset frequency, revealing a -6  dB reduction compared to the pump FC over a wide Fourier frequency range.

Intensity noise coupling in soliton fiber oscillators.

We present an experimental and numerical study on the spectrally resolved pump-to-output intensity noise coupling in soliton fiber oscillators. In our study, we observe a strong pump noise coupling to the Kelly sidebands, while the coupling to the soliton pulse is damped. This behavior is observed in erbium-doped as well as holmium-doped fiber oscillators and confirmed by numerical modeling.