Macrophage S1PR2 Drives Sepsis-induced Immunosuppression by Exacerbating Mitochondrial Fragmentation.

Macrophage mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with immunosuppression and poor prognosis of septic patients. Mitochondrial fragmentation drives mitochondrial dysfunction. Our previous study has found that S1PR2 regulates macrophage phagocytosis during sepsis, while the role of S1PR2 in immunosuppression and the mechanisms remain further studied.

Lack of S1PR2 in Macrophage Ameliorates Sepsis-associated Lung Injury through Inducing IL-33-mediated Type 2 Immunity.

The function of type 2 immunity and mechanisms underlying the initiation of type 2 immunity after sepsis-induced lung injury remain unclear. Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 (S1PR2) has been demonstrated to modulate type 2 immunity in the context of asthma and pulmonary fibrosis. Thus, this study aims to investigate the role of type 2 immunity and whether and how S1PR2 regulates type 2 immunity in sepsis.

Dexmedetomidine attenuates inflammation and organ injury partially by upregulating Nur77 in sepsis.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine (Dex) on inflammation and organ injury in sepsis, as well as the potential relationship between Dex and nuclear receptor 77 (Nur77).

Methods: We investigated the effects of dexmedetomidine on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 cells and organ injury in the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) mouse model.

TREM2 resident macrophages protect the septic heart by maintaining cardiomyocyte homeostasis.

Sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SICM) is common in septic patients with a high mortality and is characterized by an abnormal immune response. Owing to cellular heterogeneity, understanding the roles of immune cell subsets in SICM has been challenging. Here we identify a unique subpopulation of cardiac-resident macrophages termed CD163RETNLA (Mac1), which undergoes self-renewal during sepsis and can be targeted to prevent SICM.

Ag-Doped Metal-Organic Frameworks' Heterostructure for Sonodynamic Therapy of Deep-Seated Cancer and Bacterial Infection.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOF) have attracted great potential in sonodynamic therapy (SDT) owing to large sonosensitizers' loading and fast reactive oxygen species' (ROS) diffusion; however, the low ligand-to-metal charge transfer efficiency sharply impairs the SDT effect. Herein, we report the design of MIL@Ag heterostructures with high electron-hole pairs separation efficiency and enhanced diverse ROS generation ability for deep-seated cancer treatment and bacterial infection. The MIL@Ag heterostructure is composed of Ti-based MOFs (named MIL), on which are in situ assembled silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs).

Recent Advances in Near-Infrared-II Fluorescence Imaging for Deep-Tissue Molecular Analysis and Cancer Diagnosis.

Fluorescence imaging with high sensitivity and minimal invasiveness has received tremendous attention, which can accomplish visualized monitoring and evaluation of cancer progression. Compared with the conventional first near-infrared (NIR-I) optical window (650-950 nm), fluorescence imaging in the second NIR optical window (NIR-II, 950-1700 nm) exhibits deeper tissue penetration capability and higher temporal-spatial resolution with lower background interference for achieving deep-tissue in vivo imaging and real-time monitoring of cancer development. Encouraged by the significant preponderances, a variety of multifunctional NIR-II fluorophores have been designed and fabricated for sensitively imaging biomarkers in vivo and visualizing the treatment procedure of cancers.

ROS-Activated nanoscale coordination polymers for enhanced ultrasound-mediated therapy for the treatment of cancer.

Stimuli-responsive nanoplatforms for efficient delivery of drugs in an on-demand manner show promising potential for killing cancer cells with high accuracy and minimal invasiveness. Herein, taking advantage of the good tissue-penetrating depth of sonodynamic therapy (SDT), reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive nanoscale coordination polymers (NCPs) were designed through self-assembly of porphyrins (PP) and platinum, which contained ROS-cleavable thioketal (TK) linkers to enhance the release of doxorubicin (Dox) during SDT. Upon exposure to the ultrasound (US), the Dox-loaded NCPs (PTK@PEG/Dox) could generate high amounts of cytotoxic ROS and heat, which not only induced the apoptosis of MCF-7 cells but also facilitated the efficient release of Dox due to the decomposition of the ROS-sensitive TK linkers, achieving the synergistic therapy of US-induced therapy and chemotherapy.

Glutathione-Responsive Biodegradable Nanoplatform with Endogenous Esterase-Triggered Nitric Oxide Release for Gas Therapy and Enhanced Chemotherapy.

The potential therapeutic effect of nitric oxide (NO) for cancers has received considerable attention as a "killer" that causes damage to mitochondria and DNA by oxidation or nitrosation. However, the fabrication of an intelligent and controllable NO release system has remained elusive in the desired location to realize selective cancer therapy. Herein, an intelligent endogenous esterase-triggered nitric oxide (NO) generator for synergetic cancer therapy is fabricated by integrating NO prodrug and doxorubicin (DOX) into a single glutathione (GSH)-responsive mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MPND).

[Analysis of prognostic risk factors of bloodstream infection in intensive care unit patients].

Objective: To explore the prognostic risk factors of bloodstream infection (BSI) in intensive care unit (ICU) patients, furthermore, to provide a reliable evidence for early warning and treatment for the critical patients with BSI.

Methods: A retrospective study was performed. The clinical data of patients with blood culture-positive admitted to ICU of the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from January 1 to September 30, 2019 were analyzed.

Role of dexmedetomidine in the treatment of delirium in critically ill patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Although dexmedetomidine has been found to prevent delirium in critically ill patients, it is uncertain whether it can treat acute delirium. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine in treating delirium, by analyzing and reviewing data from previous studies.

Evidence Acquisition: Clinical trial data on the use of dexmedetomidine in adult critically ill patients with delirium were retrieved from four databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library) and clinicaltrials.

Evaluation of 2 Rat Models for Sepsis Developed by Improved Cecal Ligation/Puncture or Feces Intraperitoneal-Injection.

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics of 2 rat models of sepsis for improved cecal ligation/puncture (CLP) and feces intraperitoneal-injection (FIP), including systemic inflammation, organ dysfunction, and blood coagulation. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sixty-two male SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: a normal control group (NC, n=6), a CLP group (n=28), and a FIP group (n=28). Ten rats each in the CLP and FIP groups were observed for 72-h mortality rate.

Responses of seed germination and shoot metabolic profiles of maize ( L.) to YO nanoparticle stress.

The potential risks of rare-earth nanoparticles (RENPs) to plants in the environment are attracting increasing attention due to their wide-spread application. In this regard, little is known about the effects of YO NPs as an important member of RENPs on crop plants. Seed germination is vulnerable to environmental stress, which determines the growth and yield of crops.

[Analysis of prognosis risk factors of critically ill patients after cardiac surgery: a consecutive 5-year retrospective study].

Objective: To explore the risk factors affecting prognosis of critically ill patients following cardiac surgery, furthermore, to assess severity and keep alarm earlier.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted. The clinical data of critically ill patients following cardiac surgery admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) of the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from January 1st 2014 to December 31st 2018 were enrolled.