Adverse drug events associated with metreleptin administration: a real-world pharmacovigilance study from 2014 to 2024 using the FAERS database.

Background: This study analyzed adverse drug event (ADE) signals associated with metreleptin using the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) to provide insights for safe clinical use.

Research Design And Methods: Data from 1 January 2014, to 31 March 2024, were extracted. Signal intensity for adverse events was assessed using reporting odds ratio (ROR), Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA), Bayesian Confidence Propagation Neural Network (BCPNN), and Multi-item Gamma Poisson Shrinker (MGPS) methods.

To Reveal the Potential Mechanism of Quercetin against NSCLC Based on Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation.

Purpose: This study aimed to initially clarify the potential mechanism of quercetin in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) based on network pharmacology, molecular docking and in vitro experiments.

Method: TCMSP, SwissTargetPrediction, TCMIP, STITCH, and ETCM databases were applied to obtain the targets of quercetin. NSCLC-related targets were retrieved from GeneCards, OMIM, PharmGKB, TTD, and NCBI databases.

Integration of high-resolution mass spectrometry technology with molecular network analysis and systems biology techniques to elucidate the active ingredients and mechanisms of Shiduqing capsules.

Rationale: Shiduqing Capsules, a well-known Chinese patent medicine, are widely used clinically for the treatment of pruritus. However, to date, there is a lack of research on its pharmacological substances and mechanisms of action.

Methods: In the current study, the chemical components of Shiduqing Capsules were identified using UHPLC-QE-Orbitrap-MS technology.

Identification of active ingredients in Naomaitai capsules using high-resolution mass spectrometry unite molecular network analysis and prediction of their action mechanisms.

Rationale: Although Naomaitai capsule (NMC) is widely used in clinical practice and has a good curative effect for cerebral infarction, its material basis and mechanism of action remain unclear.

Methods: In this study, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled with quadrupole Orbitrap MS technology was used to analyse the in vivo and in vitro components of NMC, and the Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking website was used to further analyse the components of NMC. Next, systems biology approaches were employed to investigate the mechanism of action of NMC.

Development and Application of a Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model for Elagolix in the Adult and Adolescent Population.

Introduction: Endometriosis, a common and distressing gynecological condition, affects fertility and causes pain, is often managed with medications such as Elagolix. The present study aimed to construct a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for elagolix to predict its pharmacokinetics in different populations, including those with special conditions, to enhance treatment strategies for endometriosis.

Methods: The PBPK model was optimized using observational data based on the oral administration of elagolix in a healthy Chinese population under fasting conditions.

Integrating metabolomics and bioinformatics to reveal the mechanism of Epimedium-induced liver injury.

Epimedium is a traditional Chinese medicine with a wide range of clinical applications; however, there have been numerous reports of adverse reactions in recent years. The most common side effect of Epimedium is liver injury. In this study, the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method has been established to study the components of Epimedium and to identify the components absorbed into the blood of rats.

Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography Q-Exactive-Orbitrap mass spectrometry and molecular network analysis alongside network pharmacology to elucidate the active constituents and mechanism of action of Huahong tablet in treating pelvic inflammatory disease.

Rationale: Huahong tablet, a commonly used clinical Chinese patent medicine, shows good efficacy in treating pelvic inflammation and other gynaecological infectious diseases. However, the specific composition of Huahong tablets, which are complex herbal formulations, remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims to identify the active compounds and targets of Huahong tablets and investigate their mechanism of action in pelvic inflammatory diseases.

Integrated metabolic profiles and microbial communities to reveal the beneficial effect of red pitaya on early constipation.

Pitaya is a well-known fruit widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical tropical regions, and is characterized by its flesh colour into red, white, and yellow pitaya. Red pitaya has dark red flesh and is the preferred choice among consumers due to its superior taste compared to other varieties. Red pitaya has been known to cause diarrhoea, and studies have reported that pitaya does this by drawing moisture into the intestines, resulting in defecation.

Pharmacokinetics of Nitazoxanide Dry Suspensions After Single Oral Doses in Healthy Subjects: Food Effects Evaluation and Bioequivalence Study.

Nitazoxanide (NTZ) is an effective antiparasitic drug with potent antiviral and antimicrobial activity. This randomized, open-label, 2-sequence, 2-period crossover trial was designed to evaluate the bioequivalence (BE) of the NTZ dry suspension in healthy subjects and investigated the effect of food intake on the pharmacokinetic (PK) properties of tizoxanide (an active metabolite of NTZ, TIZ). Sixty healthy Chinese subjects were enrolled and received a single dose of 500 mg/25 mL of preparations on days 1 and 4 under overnight fasting or fed conditions, respectively.

Photoelectrochemical quenching-recovery biosensor based on NSCQDs/FeO@BiS for the detection of trypsin.

Background: The content of trypsin will change when pancreatic diseases occur, therefore developing a high-performance method for trypsin detection is of great significance for guiding patients on medication plans and improving their prognosis. Photoelectrochemical (PEC) analysis techniques have emerged as a solution to apply for bioassays.

Results: Herein, the FeO@BiS and Nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon quantum dots (NSCQDs) were successfully synthesized by a hydrothermal method.

Characterization of the Active Ingredient and Prediction of the Potential Mechanism of Dahuoluo Pill via Mass Spectrometry with the Network Pharmacology Method.

The Dahuoluo pill (DHLP) is a classic Chinese patent medicine used to treat rheumatoid arthritis and other conditions. However, there has been no research on the chemical components of DHLP and the mechanisms by which it ameliorates rheumatoid arthritis. Hence, we analysed the chemical components of DHLP and the DHLP components absorbed in blood by using ultraperformance liquid chromatography-Q-exactive-orbitrap-mass spectrometry.

Two zinc finger proteins, VdZFP1 and VdZFP2, interact with VdCmr1 to promote melanized microsclerotia development and stress tolerance in Verticillium dahliae.

Background: Melanin plays important roles in morphological development, survival, host-pathogen interactions and in the virulence of phytopathogenic fungi. In Verticillum dahliae, increases in melanin are recognized as markers of maturation of microsclerotia which ensures the long-term survival and stress tolerance, while decreases in melanin are correlated with increased hyphal growth in the host. The conserved upstream components of the VdCmr1-regulated pathway controlling melanin production in V.

Lanhuashen stimulates the positive cross-regulation mediated by the S1P axis to ameliorate the disorder of glucolipid metabolism induced by the high sucrose diet in Drosophila melanogaster.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Herba Wanlenbergiae, named 'Lanhuashen' (LHS) in Chinese, is derived from the dried herba of Wahlenbergia marginata (Thunb.) A.DC.

Research progress on surface modifications for phosphors used in light-emitting diodes (LEDs).

Stable and efficient phosphors are highly important for light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with respect to their application in solid-state lighting, instead of conventional lamps for general lighting. However, some problems, like low stability, low photoluminescence (PL) efficiency, and serious thermal degradation, are commonly encountered in phosphors, limiting their applications in LEDs. Surface modifications for some phosphors commonly used in LED lighting, including fluoride, sulphide, silicate, oxide, nitride, and oxynitride phosphors, are presented in this review.

Study on the material basis and action mechanisms of sophora davidii (Franch.) skeels flower extract in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Sophora davidii (Franch.) Skeels Flower (SDF) is a characteristic folk medicine in Yunnan and Guizhou, which can be used to prevent the occurrence of tumors. The extract of SDF (SDFE) is confirmed to be antitumor by pre-experiment.

Comparative antioxidant activity and untargeted metabolomic analyses of cherry extracts of two Chinese cherry species based on UPLC-QTOF/MS and machine learning algorithms.

P. pseudocerasus and P. tomentosa are the two native Chinese cherry species of high economic and ornamental worths.

Systems biology strategy through integrating metabolomics and network pharmacology to reveal the mechanisms of Xiaopi Hewei Capsule improves functional dyspepsia.

Functional dyspepsia (FD) is one of the more common functional disorders, with a prevalence of 20-25 %. It seriously affects the quality life of patients. Xiaopi Hewei Capsule (XPHC) is a classic formula originated from the Chinese Miao minority.

Intergenerational effects of parental [Cmim]BF (n = 4, 6, 8) ionic liquids exposure on zebrafish development based on transcriptomic analysis.

Ionic liquids (ILs) have been developed as alternatives to traditional solvents, and their toxicity may be affected by alkyl chain length. Currently, there is limited evidence for whether parental exposure to different alkyl chain length ILs will induce intergenerational toxicity in zebrafish offspring. To address this knowledge gap, the parental zebrafish (F0) were exposed to 25 mg/L [Cmim]BF (n = 4, 6, 8) for 7 days.

Species of the spp., the Causal Agents of Leaf Spot on European Hornbeam ().

European hornbeam ( L.) is widely planted in landscaping. In October 2021 and August 2022, leaf spot was observed on in Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.

Promoted Skin Wound Healing by Tail-Amputated Proteins via the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK Signaling Pathway.

Skin wound healing is an important fundamental problem in biological and medical fields. This study aimed to investigate wound healing promotion of protein extract from tail-amputated () and reveal the mechanism correlated with the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway. Proteins extracted from tail-amputated were applied on rats' full-thickness excisional wounds to evaluate their regenerative efficacy.