Incorporation of Pd Single-Atom Sites in Perovskite with an Excellent Selectivity toward Photocatalytic Semihydrogenation of Alkynes.

Semihydrogenation is a crucial industrial process. Noble metals such as Pd have been extensively studied in semihydrogenation reactions, owing to their unique catalytic activity toward hydrogen activation. However, the overhydrogenation of alkenes to alkanes often happens due to the rather strong adsorption of alkenes on Pd active phases.

Layer-by-layer assembly of quercetin-loaded zein/γPGA/low-molecular-weight chitosan/fucoidan nanosystem for targeting inflamed blood vessels.

Chitosan acts as a versatile carrier in polymeric nanoparticle (NP) for diverse drug administration routes. Delivery of antioxidants, such as quercetin (Qu) showcases potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties for reduction of various cardiovascular diseases, but low water solubility limits uptake. To address this, we developed a novel layer-by-layer zein/gamma-polyglutamic acid (γPGA)/low-molecular-weight chitosan (LC)/fucoidan NP for encapsulating Qu and targeting inflamed vessel endothelial cells.

One-Year Follow-Up Study on Assessing the Range of Segmental Motion and Clinical Outcomes Following Cervical Disc Arthroplasty for Treatment of Severe Cervical Disc Degeneration.

Background: Though previous studies have documented various clinical outcomes after cervical arthroplasty for degenerative cervical disc disease, none of them reported the impact of cervical arthroplasty on severe cervical disc degeneration (CDD).

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included severe 40 CDD (C3-C7) patients who underwent single-level cervical arthroplasty using ProDisc-C between January 2017 and December 2019. After surgical intervention, the range of motion (ROM) was determined, whereas clinical outcomes were measured in terms of the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Neck Disability Index (NDI) to evaluate neck pain and disability, respectively.

Molecular classification of hormone receptor-positive HER2-negative breast cancer.

Hormone receptor-positive (HR)/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2) breast cancer is the most prevalent type of breast cancer, in which endocrine therapy resistance and distant relapse remain unmet challenges. Accurate molecular classification is urgently required for guiding precision treatment. We established a large-scale multi-omics cohort of 579 patients with HR/HER2 breast cancer and identified the following four molecular subtypes: canonical luminal, immunogenic, proliferative and receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK)-driven.

The Efficacy of Anthropometric Indicators in Predicting Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Using FibroScan CAP Values among the Taiwanese Population.

The controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) measurement obtained from FibroScan is a low-risk method of assessing fatty liver. This study investigated the association between the FibroScan CAP values and nine anthropometric indicators, including the abdominal volume index (AVI), body fat percentage (BFP), body mass index (BMI), conicity index (CI), ponderal index (PI), relative fat mass (RFM), waist circumference (WC), waist-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (fatty liver). We analyzed the medical records of adult patients who had FibroScan CAP results.

Severity of fatty liver is highly correlated with the risk of hypertension and diabetes: a cross-sectional and longitudinal cohort study.

Background And Aims: Fatty liver disease (FLD) is associated with several metabolic derangements. We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional and longitudinal study to evaluate the role of FL severity in the risk of new-onset and co-existing hypertension (HTN) and diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods: The cross-sectional cohort consisted of 41,888 adults who received health checkups in a tertiary hospital of Taiwan from 1999 to 2013.

Radial growth responses of three coniferous species to climate change on the southern slope of Funiu Mountains, China.

Funiu Mountains are located in a transition region between warm temperate zone and northern subtropical region, where a variety of plant species are distributed with sensitive response to climate change. Their response characteristics to climate change are still unclear. We developed the basal area increment (BAI) index chronologies of , , and in the Funiu Mountains to examine their growth trend and their sensitivity to climatic change.

Antireflection of optical anisotropic dielectric metasurfaces.

We propose a hetero-nano-fin structure to further improve the efficiency of Pancharatnam-Berry phase metasurfaces. Two hetero-nano-fin types, MgF/GaN and MgF/NbO, were investigated. The overall polarization conversion efficiency (PCE) improved from 52.

Combined Single-Cell and Spatial Transcriptomics Reveal the Metabolic Evolvement of Breast Cancer during Early Dissemination.

Breast cancer is now the most frequently diagnosed malignancy, and metastasis remains the leading cause of death in breast cancer. However, little is known about the dynamic changes during the evolvement of dissemination. In this study, 65 968 cells from four patients with breast cancer and paired metastatic axillary lymph nodes are profiled using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and spatial transcriptomics.

Bilateral Sensorimotor Cortical Communication Modulated by Multiple Hand Training in Stroke Participants: A Single Training Session Pilot Study.

Bi-manual therapy (BT), mirror therapy (MT), and robot-assisted rehabilitation have been conducted in hand training in a wide range of stages in stroke patients; however, the mechanisms of action during training remain unclear. In the present study, participants performed hand tasks under different intervention conditions to study bilateral sensorimotor cortical communication, and EEG was recorded. A multifactorial design of the experiment was used with the factors of manipulating objects (O), robot-assisted bimanual training (RT), and MT.

Superenhancer drives a tumor-specific splicing variant of MARCO to promote triple-negative breast cancer progression.

The transcription variation, leading to various forms of transcripts and protein diversity, remains largely unexplored in triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs). Here, we presented a comprehensive analysis of RNA splicing in breast cancer to illustrate the biological function and clinical implications of tumor-specific transcripts (TSTs) arising from these splicing junctions. Aberrant RNA splicing or TSTs were frequently harbored in TNBC and were correlated with a poor outcome.

Hypoallergenic derivatives of heat-stable allergens alleviated food allergy symptoms in Balb/c mice.

The design of hypoallergenic derivatives is a new strategy for allergen-specific immunotherapy. Although hypoallergenic derivatives of (mud crab) heat-stable tropomyosin (TM) and myosin light chain (MLC) have been preliminarily explored, their allergenicity needs to be further studied. In this work, recombinant allergens (wtTM, wtMLC) and hypoallergenic derivatives (mtTM, mtMLC) were purified.

Identification of the Immunoglobulin E Epitope of Arginine Kinase, an Important Allergen from .

Arginine kinase (AK) was identified as an allergen in . However, little information is available about its epitopes. In this study, AK from was registered to the World Health Organization/International Union of Immunological Societies allergen nomenclature committee to be named as Cra a 2.

Copy number amplification of ENSA promotes the progression of triple-negative breast cancer via cholesterol biosynthesis.

Copy number alterations (CNAs) are pivotal genetic events in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Here, our integrated copy number and transcriptome analysis of 302 TNBC patients reveals that gene alpha-endosulfine (ENSA) exhibits recurrent amplification at the 1q21.3 region and is highly expressed in TNBC.

Predicting Early Loss of Lateral Spread Response before Decompression in Hemifacial Spasm Surgery.

Recent studies have shown the evocation of lateral spread response (LSR) due to the compression of the facial nerve in hemifacial spasm (HFS). Intraoperative monitoring (IOM) of LSR could help locate neurovascular conflicts and confirm adequate micro-vascular decompression (MVD) while treatment of hemifacial spasm (HFS). However, studies on early LSR loss before decompression in HFS surgery are sparse, indicating the need to understand various perceptions on it.

Blockade of adenosine A receptor alleviates cognitive dysfunction after chronic exposure to intermittent hypoxia in mice.

Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is widely known for its multiple systems damage, especially neurocognitive deficits in children. Since their discovery, adenosine A receptors (ARs) have been considered as key elements in signaling pathways mediating neurodegenerative diseases such as Huntington's and Alzheimer's, as well as cognitive function regulation. Herein, we investigated AR role in cognitive impairment induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH).

Linear Epitopes Play an Important Role in the Immunoglobulin G (IgG)/Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-Binding Capacity of Scy p 4.

Sarcoplasmic calcium-binding protein is a stable allergen in and named Scy p 4. To explore the importance of linear epitopes in the immunoglobulin G (IgG)/immunoglobulin E (IgE)-binding capacity of Scy p 4, chemical denaturants were used to destroy the structure. Scy p 4 was reduced with dithiothreitol and subsequently alkylated with iodoacetamide (IAA).

Scattering Analysis and Efficiency Optimization of Dielectric Pancharatnam-Berry-Phase Metasurfaces.

In this study, the phase modulation ability of a dielectric Pancharatnam-Berry (PB) phase metasurface, consisting of nanofins, is theoretically analyzed. It is generally considered that the optical thickness of the unit cell of a PB-phase metasurface is /2, i.e.

Site-Directed Mutations of Calcium-Binding Sites Contribute to Reducing the Immunoreactivity of the EF-Hand Sarcoplasmic Calcium-Binding Protein in .

In order to reduce the immunoreactivity of sarcoplasmic calcium-binding protein (SCP), site-directed mutations were used to replace key amino acids in the conformational epitopes and calcium-binding sites. The mutant SCPs (mSCPs) were expressed in , and their immunoreactivities were analyzed using iELISA and basophil activation assays. Furthermore, the structural changes of mSCPs were determined from the circular dichroism spectra.

Immune-Activated Regional Lymph Nodes Predict Favorable Survival in Early-Stage Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Immune response and immunotherapy play important roles in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, it is difficult to judge whether cancer is "immune-inactivated" or "immune-activated" by the carcinoma itself. The immune reaction of the microenvironment or the host to the tumor might be more informative.

Angular-insensitive optical filtering based on meta-GMR.

In this study, the optical properties of a meta-GMR consisting of a metasurface stacked on a planar dielectric slab waveguide were theoretically investigated. Two different metasurfaces, namely chiral split-ring resonator dimer arrays with/without a rod-shaped antenna, were investigated and compared. Conventional GMR filters utilize gratings to couple the free-space electromagnetic field to the waveguide.