Development and validation of a novel nomogram model for predicting delayed graft function in deceased donor kidney transplantation based on pre-transplant biopsies.

Background: Delayed graft function (DGF) is an important complication after kidney transplantation surgery. The present study aimed to develop and validate a nomogram for preoperative prediction of DGF on the basis of clinical and histological risk factors.

Methods: The prediction model was constructed in a development cohort comprising 492 kidney transplant recipients from May 2018 to December 2019.

Defining the biogeographical map and potential bacterial translocation of microbiome in human 'surface organs'.

The microbiome in a specific human organ has been well-studied, but few reports have investigated the multi-organ microbiome as a whole. Here, we aim to analyse the intra-individual inter-organ and intra-organ microbiome in deceased humans. We collected 1608 samples from 53 sites of 7 surface organs (oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, appendix, large intestine and skin; n = 33 subjects) and performed microbiome profiling, including 16S full-length sequencing.

Donor-specific antibodies, glomerulitis, and human leukocyte antigen B eplet mismatch are risk factors for peritubular capillary C4d deposition in renal allografts.

Background: The complement system plays an important role in the immune response to transplantation, and the diagnostic significance of peritubular capillary (PTC) C4d deposition (C4d+) in grafts is controversial. The study aimed to fully investigate the risk factors for PTC C4d+ and analyze its significance in biopsy pathology of kidney transplantation.

Methods: This retrospective study included 124 cases of kidney transplant with graft biopsy and donor-specific antibody (DSA) testing from January 2017 to December 2019 in a single center.

Different roles of bortezomib and ONX 0914 in acute kidney injury.

Proteasome inhibitor bortezomib offers one more option for acute or chronic antibody-mediated rejection after kidney transplantation, but aggravated acute kidney injury (AKI) in some cases early after surgery using bortezomib bring new problem. Here, we evaluated the effects of bortezomib and ONX-0914 on renal tubule injury in a mouse model of ischemia-reperfusion injury. After treated with bortezomib, serum creatinine, usea nitrogen and tubular necrosis significantly increased compared with vehicle-treated mice, but decreased in ONX-0914 group mildly.

Prediction of kidney transplant outcome based on different DGF definitions in Chinese deceased donation.

Background: Delayed graft function (DGF) is an important complication of kidney transplantation and can be diagnosed according to different definitions. DGF has been suggested to be associated with the long-term outcome of kidney transplantation surgery. However, the best DGF definition for predicting renal transplant outcomes in Chinese donations after cardiac death (DCDs) remains to be determined.

B-Cell Activating Factor Predicts Acute Rejection Risk in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A 6-Month Follow-Up Study.

B cell activating factor (BAFF) belonging to TNF family is a cytokine that enhances B-cell proliferation and differentiation. Recently, It has been suggested that BAFF might be a potential therapeutic target for treating autoimmune disease. However, the relationship between BAFF and allograft rejection is controversial, and the clinical significance of BAFF in predicting allograft rejection need to be further explored.

Beneficial Effect of Moderately Increasing Hypothermic Machine Perfusion Pressure on Donor after Cardiac Death Renal Transplantation.

Background: Vascular resistance and flow rate during hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP) of kidneys is correlated with graft function. We aimed to determine the effects of increasing HMP pressure versus maintaining the initial pressure on kidney transplantation outcomes.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data of 76 primary transplantation patients who received HMP-preserved kidneys from 48 donors after cardiac death between September 1, 2013, and August 31, 2015.

Predictive Score Model for Delayed Graft Function Based on Hypothermic Machine Perfusion Variables in Kidney Transplantation.

Background: Hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP) is being used more often in cardiac death kidney transplantation; however, the significance of assessing organ quality and predicting delayed graft function (DGF) by HMP parameters is still controversial. Therefore, we used a readily available HMP variable to design a scoring model that can identify the highest risk of DGF and provide the guidance and advice for organ allocation and DCD kidney assessment.

Methods: From September 1, 2012 to August 31, 2016, 366 qualified kidneys were randomly assigned to the development and validation cohorts in a 2:1 distribution.

Early Immunosuppressive Exposure of Enteric-Coated-Mycophenolate Sodium Plus Tacrolimus Associated with Acute Rejection in Expanded Criteria Donor Kidney Transplantation.

Background: Immunosuppressive agents are still inefficient in preventing biopsy-proven acute rejection (BPAR) after expanded criteria donor (ECD) kidney transplantation. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between early immunosuppressive exposure and the development of BPAR.

Methods: We performed a retrospective study of 58 recipients of ECD kidney transplantation treated with enteric-coated-mycophenolate sodium, tacrolimus (Tac), and prednisone.

Arctigenin: A two-edged sword in ischemia/reperfusion induced acute kidney injury.

Arctigenin (ATG) is one of the main active substances in fruit derived from Arctium lappa L. Previous studies have reported that ATG have antitumor, neuroprotective, antioxidant, antifibrosis and anti-inflammatory functions. However, the actions of ATG in kidney with acute injury following ischemia/ reperfusion (I/R) is still uncertain.

Knockdown of NLRC5 attenuates renal I/R injury in vitro through the activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

NLRC5, as the largest member of nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat (NLR) family, was involved in various physiological processes, such as inflammation, fibrosis, innate immunity and diabetic nephropathy. However, the role of NLRC5 in acute kidney injury remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of NLRC5 in human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R).

Comparison of the characteristics of macrophages derived from murine spleen, peritoneal cavity, and bone marrow.

Macrophages have a diverse set of functions based upon their activation states. The activation states, including resting (M0) and polarizing (M1 and M2) states, of macrophages derived from the mouse bone marrow, spleen, and peritoneal cavity (BMs, SPMs, and PCMs, respectively) were compared. We evaluated the macrophage yield per mouse and compared the surface markers major histocompatibility complex (MHC) II and CD86 by flow cytometry.

Predictive Score Model for Delayed Graft Function Based on Easily Available Variables before Kidney Donation after Cardiac Death.

Background: How to evaluate the quality of donation after cardiac death (DCD) kidneys has become a critical problem in kidney transplantation in China. Hence, the aim of this study was to develop a simple donor risk score model to evaluate the quality of DCD kidneys before DCD.

Methods: A total of 543 qualified kidneys were randomized in a 2:1 manner to create the development and validation cohorts.

Polyglycolic Acid Fibrous Scaffold Improving Endothelial Cell Coating and Vascularization of Islet.

Background: Improving islet graft revascularization has become a crucial task for prolonging islet graft survival. Endothelial cells (ECs) are the basis of new microvessels in an isolated islet, and EC coating has been demonstrated to improve the vascularization and survival of an islet. However, the traditional method of EC coating of islets has low efficiency in vitro.

Treatment of cytomegalovirus infection after renal transplantation: experience from a single center in China.

Background: We compared the efficacy and safety of 2 different treatments of CMV infection, including asymptomatic CMV replication and CMV disease.

Material And Methods: 852 renal transplantation recipients, including asymptomatic CMV replication and CMV disease, received antiviral therapies of intravenous acyclovir or comprehensive anti-infection solution, mainly with intravenous ganciclovir. Effect, time, acute allograft rejection, and safety were analyzed during the antiviral therapy

Results: The total effective rates were higher with ganciclovir in both asymptomatic CMV replication (98.

Impact of HLA-G 14-bp polymorphism on acute rejection and cytomegalovirus infection in kidney transplant recipients from northwestern China.

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G plays an important role in promoting transplant tolerance and helping human cytomegalovirus (CMV) to subvert host defenses. Strong evidence suggests that HLA-G 14-bp insertion/deletion polymorphism influences the stability of HLA-G mRNAs and levels of protein expression. We hypothesized that HLA-G 14-bp polymorphism of recipients has an influence on the risk of acute rejection (AR) and CMV infection.

[The influence of rapamycin on BTLA expression of human peripheral blood T lymphocytes].

Aim: To explore the effect of rapamycin (RPM) on the expression of B and T lymphocyte attenuate (BTLA) on human peripheral blood T lymphocytes, providing a experimental basis for application of RPM to organ transplantation and autoimmune diseases.

Methods: Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated by Ficoll density gradient centrifugation, and then the T cells were isolated from PBMCs with immunomagnetic beads. Concanavalin A (Con A) used to stimulate and activate the human peripheral blood T cells.

[Evaluation of immune status of kidney transplant recipients by combined HLA-G5 and sCD30].

Objective: to study the relationship between the expression of serum human leucocyte antigen-G5 (HLA-G5)/soluble CD30 (sCD30) and the function of renal graft in kidney transplant recipients and investigate the immune status of recipients with combined HLA-G5 and sCD30.

Methods: from January 2002 to November 2008, a total of 66 kidney transplant recipients in our centre were selected as subjects and divided into three groups: stable function of renal graft (n = 38), acute rejection (n = 15) and chronic rejection (n = 13). The expressions of serum HLA-G5 and sCD30 were detected.

[Preventive effect of poria cocos on acute rejection of renal transplantation in rats].

Objective: To study the effect of Poria cocos (Pcs) in preventing acute rejection of rats after renal transplantation and its mechanism.

Methods: Rat orthotopic renal transplantation model was performed with Wistar rat as donor and SD rat as donee. All donees were divided into 4 groups, 10 in each group, before transplantation.

[Comparison of different isolation methods on adult Sertoli cells co-transplanted with islets].

Aim: To establish a more convenient and effective method for isolating adult Sertoli cells and apply the method to islet transplantation.

Methods: Trypsin, DNase, collagenase and hyaluronidase were used for a one-step digestion in group A. A two-step digestion was used in group B, in which testis tissues were first digested by trypsin and DNase and then were digested by collagenase and hyaluronidase.

Study on systemic immune tolerance induction in rat islet transplantation by intravenous infusion of Sertoli cells.

Background: Sertoli cells are usually co-transplanted with pancreatic islets to induce local immune tolerance. In this report, we used infusion with Sertoli cells in islet transplantation to induce systemic immune tolerance and studied the mechanism of the tolerance induction.

Methods: Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were divided into four groups before islet transplantation: group A as control; group B with intravenous infusion of Sertoli cells; group C with Sertoli cell infusion and Fas ligand antibody treatment; and group D with Sertoli cell infusion and transforming growth factor-beta1 antibody treatment.

[Clinical application and exploration on mechanism of action of Cordyceps sinensis mycelia preparation for renal transplantation recipients].

Objective: To retrospectively study and analyse the immune regulatory effect of Bailing Capsule (BLC, a dry powder preparation of Cordyceps sinensis mycelia) on patients after renal transplantation, its influences on various systems of organism, and to explore its possible acting mechanism.

Methods: In accordance with the entry criteria, 67 recipients of renal homo-allograft were assigned to two groups. The 42 cases in the control group were treated with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) plus cyclosporine A (CsA), or tacrolimus (FK506) plus prednisone (Pred); the 25 in the treated group treated with the chemotherapy the same as in the control group plus BLC.

Magnetic cell sorting and flow cytometry sorting methods for the isolation and function analysis of mouse CD4+ CD25+ Treg cells.

Objective: In this paper we compared the two methods of cell sorting (magnetic cell sorting and flow cytometry sorting) for the isolation and function analysis of mouse CD4(+) CD25(+) regulatory T (Treg) cells, in order to inform further studies in Treg cell function.

Methods: We separately used magnetic cell sorting and flow cytometry sorting to identify CD4(+) CD25(+) Treg cells. After magnetic cell separation, we further used flow cytometry to analyze the purity of CD4(+) CD25(+) Treg cells, trypan blue staining to detect cell viability, and propidium iodide (PI) staining to assess the cell viability.