The relative risk of immune checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis in advanced non-small- cell lung cancer: Meta-analyses of controlled clinical trials.

Objective: Immune checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis (CIP) is a prevalent form of immunotherapy-induced pulmonary toxicity, ranking among the leading causes of mortality associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Despite its significance, the risk stratification of CIP in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains uncertain. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis, comparing various factors such as histological types, treatment regimens, PD-L1 expression levels, and EGFR/ALK negativity in advanced NSCLC.

Asymmetric Total Synthesis of Pedrolide.

The asymmetric total synthesis of pedrolide (>200 mg) with an unprecedented [5-5-5-6-6-3] hexacyclic core (pedrolane) was achieved. Its unique bicyclo[2.2.

Dietary Effects of Lipid and Protein Levels on Growth, Feed Utilization, Lipid Metabolism, and Antioxidant Capacity of Triploid Rainbow Trout ().

This study investigated the dietary effects of lipid and protein levels on growth performance, feed utilization, body composition, lipid metabolism, and antioxidant capacity of triploid rainbow trout, . A 3 × 2 two-factor design was conducted with three crude lipid levels of 4%, 9%, and 14% (L4, L9, and L14) and two crude protein levels of 44%, 49% (P44, P49). Therefore, a total of six diets were prepared as P44/L4, P44/L9, P44/L14, P49/L4, P49/L9, and P49/L14.

Exhausting T Cells During HIV Infection May Improve the Prognosis of Patients with COVID-19.

T-cell reduction is an important characteristic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and its immunopathology is a subject of debate. It may be due to the direct effect of the virus on T-cell exhaustion or indirectly due to T cells redistributing to the lungs. HIV/AIDS naturally served as a T-cell exhaustion disease model for recognizing how the immune system works in the course of COVID-19.

An Artificial Intelligence Approach to Bloodstream Infections Prediction.

This study aimed to develop an early prediction model for identifying patients with bloodstream infections. The data resource was taken from 2015 to 2019 at Taichung Veterans General Hospital, and a total of 1647 bloodstream infection episodes and 3552 non-bloodstream infection episodes in the intensive care unit (ICU) were included in the model development and evaluation. During the data analysis, 30 clinical variables were selected, including patients' basic characteristics, vital signs, laboratory data, and clinical information.

A new low-profile anatomic locking plate for fixation of comminuted, displaced greater tuberosity fractures of the proximal humerus.

Background: Although various implants exist for the fixation of isolated greater tuberosity fractures, few implants are specifically designed for such fractures. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical and radiologic outcomes of open reduction-internal fixation with a low-profile anatomic locking plate for comminuted greater tuberosity fractures of the proximal humerus.

Methods: From November 2012 to February 2018, 24 patients with displaced and comminuted isolated greater tuberosity fractures were treated with the new low-profile anatomic locking plate.

Influence of Medial Support Screws on the Maintenance of Fracture Reduction after Locked Plating of Proximal Humerus Fractures.

Background: Technical aspects of the correct placement of medial support locking screws in the locking plate for proximal humerus fractures remain incompletely understood. This study was to evaluate the clinical relationship between the number of medial support screws and the maintenance of fracture reduction after locked plating of proximal humerus fractures.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 181 patients who had been surgically treated for proximal humeral fractures (PHFs) with a locking plate between September 2007 and June 2013.

Copper-catalyzed ambient-temperature decarboxylative annulation of isatins with amidine hydrochlorides: a facile access to 2-(1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)aniline derivatives.

A copper-catalyzed cascade reaction using isatins and amidine hydrochlorides for the synthesis of 2-(1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)aniline derivatives has been developed. This reaction features commercially available starting materials, mild reaction conditions and good functional group tolerance.

Use of endo-bronchial end-tidal CO test for location of the pleural air leakage in patients with intractable pneumothorax.

Background: Location of the affected bronchus of pleural air leaks is the most important step of trans-bronchoscopic bronchial occlusion for the treatment of intractable pneumothorax. The balloon occlusion test is the most commonly used technique, but has failed in some cases. The aim of the present study was: (1) to determine if endo-bronchial end-tidal CO (EtCO) measurement can identify the affected bronchus that is the source of a persistent pleural air leak; and (2) to establish a methodology for endo-bronchial EtCO testing in locating affected bronchus in intractable pneumothorax.

Clinical characteristics and surgical experience of Type III Wagstaffe fractures: Pay attention to concomitant chondral injury of the talus.

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate clinical characteristics and surgical management of Type III Wagstaffe fracture.

Methods: From August 2012 to July 2015, 13 patients with Type III Wagstaffe fractures were surgically treated. During operation, the cartilage of joint surface was explored.

Anatomic study of coracoclavicular ligaments for reconstruction of acromioclavicular joint dislocations.

Background: There has been a trend to reconstruct the coracoclavicular (CC) ligaments anatomically for management of acromioclavicular (AC) joint dislocations.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the location and orientation of the CC ligaments for anatomic reconstruction of the AC joint.

Methods: The subjects were a total of 40 shoulders from 20 Chinese cadavers.

'Remind-to-move' treatment versus constraint-induced movement therapy for children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy: a randomized controlled trial.

Aim: To evaluate 'remind-to-move' (RTM) treatment by comparing it with constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) and conventional rehabilitation of the upper extremity in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy (CP).

Method: Seventy-three children (44 males, 29 females; mean age 11y 8mo, standard deviation [SD] 3y 1mo) - with 20, 38, and 15 in Manual Ability Classification System levels I, II, and III respectively - were recruited from three special schools and randomly selected for an RTM (n=25) or CIMT (n=24) programme (for 75h over 3wks) or for conventional rehabilitation (n=24). The Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test, the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (Subtest 3), the Caregiver Functional Use Survey, and arm movement duration captured by accelerometers were used at the baseline, post-test, and 1-month and 3-month follow-ups.

Coracoclavicular ligament reconstruction: a systematic review and a biomechanical study of a triple endobutton technique.

Operative intervention is recommended for complete acromioclavicular (AC) joint dislocation to restore AC stability, but the best operative technique is still controversial. Twelve fresh-frozen male cadaveric shoulders (average age, 62.8±7.

AO X-shaped midfoot locking plate to treat displaced isolated greater tuberosity fractures.

Although various implants exist for 3- and 4-part fractures, few implants are appropriate for isolated greater tuberosity fractures. This retrospective study evaluated the efficacy of AO X-shaped midfoot locking plates for greater tuberosity fractures. Between May 2008 and September 2009, nineteen patients with displaced greater tuberosity fractures were treated with open reduction and internal fixation using AO X-shaped midfoot locking plates.

[The effects of leptin on apoptosis of airway smooth muscle cells via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway].

Objective: To observe the effects of leptin on the expression of Akt, Pho-Akt, Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3 and the apoptosis of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs), and to explore the possible mechanisms.

Methods: ASMCs were derived from rat airway tissue and cultured in vitro. The cells were randomly divided into 5 groups including a control group, leptin at concentrations of 50, 100, 200 µg/L groups (group Lep50, Lep100, Lep200), and PI3K specific antagonist with Lep200 group.

The relevance of the anatomical basis of fracture for the subsequent treatment of the anterior humeral circumflex artery and the axillary nerve.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the location of the anterior humeral circumflex artery and axillary nerve based on bony landmarks, and to provide anatomical information that enables a safe approach when treating a proximal humeral fractures.

Methods: Thirty cadavers were included. The distances of both the anterior humeral circumflex artery and the axillary nerve from body landmarks were measured using Vernier calipers.

Cloning and expression of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase cDNA induced by thidiazuron during somatic embryogenesis of alfalfa (Medicago sativa).

Embryogenic callus (EC) induced from petioles of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. cv. Jinnan) on B5h medium turned green, compact and non-embryogenic when the kinetin (KN) in the medium was replaced partially or completely by thidiazuron (TDZ).

Early results of reverse less invasive stabilization system plating in treating elderly intertrochanteric fractures: a prospective study compared to proximal femoral nail.

Background: Intertrochanteric femur fracture is common in elderly population. Though multiple treatment options are available, the choice of implant remains controversial. The reverse less invasive stabilization system (LISS) plating was introduced for treatment of a patient with ipsilateral intertrochanteric and midshaft femoral fractures.

BDNF and GAP43 contribute to dynamic transhemispheric functional reorganization in rat brain after contralateral C7 root transfer following brachial plexus avulsion injuries.

It is known that contralateral seventh cervical nerve (C7) root transfer after brachial plexus avulsion injuries (BPAI) causes interhemispheric cortical functional reorganization. However, the potential mechanisms and the role of neurotrophic factors and/or growth-associated protein expression in the process of cerebral reorganization are not well understood. The present study identified the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and growth-associated protein 43 (GAP43) mRNA in primary motor cortex after contralateral C7 root transfer following BPAI.

Retrospective comparison of titanium elastic nail (TEN) and reconstruction plate repair of displaced midshaft clavicular fractures.

Background: Titanium elastic nails (TENs) are commonly used to repair displaced midshaft clavicular fractures. Although several clinical studies have shown that the use of TENs is more effective and less invasive than traditional plate fixation, high rates of complications associated with TENs have been reported. This retrospective study compared the use of TENs with reconstruction plates in the treatment of displaced midshaft clavicular fractures.