Advanced High-Throughput Rational Design of Porphyrin-Sensitized Solar Cells Using Interpretable Machine Learning.

Accurately predicting the power conversion efficiency (PCE) in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) represents a crucial challenge, one that is pivotal for the high throughput rational design and screening of promising dye sensitizers. This study presents precise, predictive, and interpretable machine learning (ML) models specifically designed for Zn-porphyrin-sensitized solar cells. The model leverages theoretically computable, effective, and reusable molecular descriptors (MDs) to address this challenge.

The multinomial mixed-effect regression model for predicting PCOC phases in hospice patients.

Purpose: The Palliative Care Outcomes Collaboration (PCOC) aims to enhance patient outcomes systematically. However, identifying crucial items and accurately determining PCOC phases remain challenging. This study aims to identify essential PCOC data items and construct a prediction model to accurately classify PCOC phases in terminal patients.

Effectiveness of corticosteroids and epinephrine use in neonates for the first extubation attempt: A retrospective study.

Background: This study aimed to analyze the use of corticosteroids and epinephrine in neonates for the first extubation attempt and compared clinical characteristics of infants with successful and failed extubation events.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study conducted at a single level III neonatal intensive care unit in Taiwan. The study included 215 infants born between 2020 and 2021 who had been intubated for more than 48 h before their first extubation attempt.

Self-Assembled Monolayers of Bi-Functionalized Porphyrins: A Novel Class of Hole-Layer-Coordinating Perovskites and Indium Tin Oxide in Inverted Solar Cells.

Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) offer the advantage of facile interfacial modification, leading to significant improvements in device performance. In this study, we report the design and synthesis of a new series of carboxylic acid-functionalized porphyrin derivatives, namely AC-1, AC-3, and AC-5, and present, for the first time, a strategy to exploit the large π-moiety of porphyrins as a backbone for interfacing the indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode and perovskite active layer in an inverted perovskite solar cell (PSC) configuration. The electron-rich nature of porphyrins facilitates hole transfer and the formation of SAMs, resulting in a dense surface that minimizes defects.

Evidence-based trends and association between symptom disturbance and physical activity among pregnant women: A longitudinal study.

Background: Women usually decrease their physical activity (PA) after becoming pregnant. The change in PA may influence their symptom distress (SD). The changes and correlations between SD and PA throughout pregnancy remain unclear.

Lidocaine transdermal patches reduced pain intensity in neuropathic cancer patients already receiving opioid treatment.

Background: Limited efficacy has been observed when using opioids to treat neuropathic pain. Lidocaine patches reduce neuropathic pain in postherpetic neuralgia, but their benefits for cancer-related neuropathic pain remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate a treatment for cancer-related neuropathic pain.

Thermally Stable D Symmetric Donor-π-Donor Porphyrins as Hole-Transporting Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells.

A series of new D symmetric porphyrins (MDA4, MTA4, and MDA8) with donor-π-donor structures have been synthesized as the hole-transporting materials for perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The novel porphyrin molecules feature a D symmetrically substituted Zn porphyrin core and two kinds of donor systems (diarylamine (DAA) and triarylamine (TAA)), which can regulate energy level, increase thermal stability, solubility, and hydrophobicity via long alkoxyl chains. PSC devices based on MDA4 as the HTM showed impressive power-conversion efficiency (PCE) of 22.

Hospice delivery models and survival differences in the terminally ill: a large cohort study.

Objective: A common difficulty at the end of life (EOL) is to determine an appropriate service model, such as hospice share care (HSC), hospice inpatient care (HIC) and hospice home care (HHC). This study aimed to recommend the appropriate hospice delivery model based on the physical, psychosocial and spiritual needs of patients referred for hospice care.

Methods: This cohort study included patients who received only one kind of hospice delivery model between 2006 and 2020.

Double Fence Porphyrins that are Compatible with Cobalt(II/III) Electrolyte for High-Efficiency Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells.

A series of new double fence porphyrin dyes bJS1-bJS3, with eight long alkoxyl chains attached to four β-phenyl groups, have been designed and synthesized. The single fence meso-substituted counterparts mJS1-mJS3 were also prepared as reference dyes. Dyes bJS1-bJS3 and mJS1-mJS3 exhibit power conversion efficiencies of 8.

Nanofibrous cosmetic face mask for transdermal delivery of nano gold: synthesis, characterization, release and zebra fish employed toxicity studies.

This study involves the generation of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) via a novel natural/non-toxic methodology using tea and orange-peel extracts. These were then embedded into a novel blend composed of a polyethylene oxide and gelatin (PEO-Gel) fibre mat. The scanning electron microscopy results indicated that the addition of both collagen (COL) and ascorbic acid (AA) into the PEO-Gel system (PEO-Gel-AA-COL system) enhances the Au NP incorporation into nanofibres leading to a diameter of 164.

-Butylpyridine Coordination with [Cu(dmp)] Redox Couple and Its Connection to the Stability of the Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell.

Cu(I)/(II) complex redox couples in dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) are of particular interest because of their low reorganization energy between Cu(I) and Cu(II), which minimizes the potential loss during sensitizer regeneration, thus allowing the open-circuit voltage of the device to go over 1.0 V. However, Cu(I)/(II)-based redox couples are reported to coordinate with 4--butylpyridine (TBP), which is a standard additive in the electrolyte, and this is believed to account for the poor durability of a Cu(I)/(II)-based DSSCs.

The Effect of Nb-Content on the Microstructures and Corrosion Properties of CrFeCoNiNb High-Entropy Alloys.

This work studied the effect of niobium-content on the microstructures, hardness, and corrosion properties of CrFeCoNiNb alloys. Results indicated that the microstructures of these alloys changed from granular structures (CrFeCoNi alloy) to the hypereutectic structures (CrFeCoNiNb and CrFeCoNi alloys), and then to the hypoeutectic microstructures (CrFeCoNiNb and CrFeCoNi alloys). The lattice constants of the major two phases in these alloys, fcc and Laves phases (hcp), increased with the increasing of Nb-content because of solid-solution strengthening.

CsSnI-Encapsulated Multidye-Sensitized All-Solid-State Solar Cells.

The design of a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) based on the simultaneous incorporation of multiple dyes is examined. By investigating the use of the porphyrin-based YD2-o-C8 and YDD6, and the organic chromophore TTAR, which can act as complementary absorbers, we are able to enhance the capture of incoming light across the solar spectrum. This is demonstrated first by using a conventional DSSC architecture with a liquid electrolyte and performed a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 11.

Synthesis and Characterization of Novel β-Bis( N, N-diarylamino)-Substituted Porphyrin for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells under 1 sun and Dim Light Conditions.

In this work, we have synthesized a novel porphyrin dye named SK7, which contains two N, N-diarylamino moieties at two β-positions as electron-donating units and one carboxy phenylethynyl moiety at the meso-position as an electron-withdrawing, anchoring group. This novel dye was tested for the application in dye-sensitized solar cells. The light-harvesting behavior of SK7 and YD2 was investigated using UV-vis absorption and density functional calculation.

Cosensitization of Structurally Simple Porphyrin and Anthracene-Based Dye for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells.

Since their introduction, dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) have achieved huge success at a laboratory level. Recently, research is concentrated to visualize large DSC modules at the commercial platform. In that aspect, we have tested structurally simple porphyrin-based dye SK6 and anthracene-based dye CW10 for DSCs application under simulated 1 sun (AM 1.

Structurally Simple and Easily Accessible Perylenes for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Applicable to Both 1 Sun and Dim-Light Environments.

The need for low-cost and highly efficient dyes for dye-sensitized solar cells under both the sunlight and dim light environments is growing. We have devised GJ-series push-pull organic dyes which require only four synthesis steps. These dyes feature a linear molecular structure of donor-perylene-ethynylene-arylcarboxylic acid, where donor represents N,N-diarylamino group and arylcarboxylic groups represent benzoic, thienocarboxylic, 2-cyano-3-phenylacrylic, 2-cyano-3-thienoacrylic, and 4-benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazol-4-yl-benzoic groups.

Performance Characterization of Dye-Sensitized Photovoltaics under Indoor Lighting.

Indoor utilization of emerging photovoltaics is promising; however, efficiency characterization under room lighting is challenging. We report the first round-robin interlaboratory study of performance measurement for dye-sensitized photovoltaics (cells and mini-modules) and one silicon solar cell under a fluorescent dim light. Among 15 research groups, the relative deviation in power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the samples reaches an unprecedented 152%.

Porphyrin Dye-Sensitized Zinc Oxide Aggregated Anodes for Use in Solar Cells.

Porphyrin YD2-o-C8-based dyes were employed to sensitize room-temperature (RT) chemical-assembled ZnO aggregated anodes for use in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). To reduce the acidity of the YD2-o-C8 dye solution, the proton in the carboxyl group of a porphyrin dye was replaced with tetrabuthyl ammonium (TBA⁺) in this work. The short-circuit current density (Jsc) of the YD2-o-C8-TBA-sensitized ZnO DSSCs is higher than that of the YD2-o-C8-sensitized cells, resulting in the improvement of the efficiency of the YD2-o-C8-based ZnO DSSCs.

Synthesis of Octafluoroporphyrin.

Despite the long list of known fluoroporphyrinoids, the most fundamental 2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-octafluoroporphyrin (OFP) has not been synthesized until now. It is achieved by condensation of two molecules of tetrafluoro-dipyrrylmethane-2-carboxaldehyde in the presence of magnesium(II) salts. The fluorinated dipyrrylmethane also gives 5,15-bis(pentafluorophenyl)-OFP (F18P) with a reasonable yield.

Influence of Phenylethynylene of Push-Pull Zinc Porphyrins on the Photovoltaic Performance.

A series of zinc porphyrin dyes YD22-YD28 were synthesized and used for dye-sensitized solar cells. Dyes YD26-YD28 consist of zinc porphyrin (ZnP) as core unit, arylamine (Am) as electron-donating group, and p-ethynylbenzoic acid (EBA) as an electron-withdrawing/-anchoring group. The dyes YD22-YD25 contain additional phenylethynylene group (PE) bridged between Am and ZnP units.

Porphyrin Sensitizers Bearing a Pyridine-Type Anchoring Group for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells.

Three novel efficient donor-acceptor porphyrins, MH1-MH3, with a pyridine-type acceptor and anchoring group were synthesized and their optical, electrochemical, and photovoltaic properties investigated. Replacing the commonly used 4-carboxyphenyl anchoring group with 2-carboxypyridine, 2-pyridone, and pyridine did not significantly change the absorption and electrochemical properties of the porphyrin dyes. These new porphyrin dyes MH show power conversion efficiencies of 8.

Air-stable molecular semiconducting iodosalts for solar cell applications: Cs2SnI6 as a hole conductor.

We introduce a new class of molecular iodosalt compounds for application in next-generation solar cells. Unlike tin-based perovskite compounds CsSnI3 and CH3NH3SnI3, which have Sn in the 2+ oxidation state and must be handled in an inert atmosphere when fabricating solar cells, the Sn in the molecular iodosalt compounds is in the 4+ oxidation state, making them stable in air and moisture. As an example, we demonstrate that, using Cs2SnI6 as a hole transporter, we can successfully fabricate in air a solid-state dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) with a mesoporous TiO2 film.

A magnetic and conductive study on a stable defective extended cobalt atom chain.

Two pentacobalt(II) EMACs were synthesized. A pyrazine-modulated tripyridyldiamine resulted in an EMAC with fully delocalized Co-Co bonds along molecules. From a pyrazine- and naphthyridine-containing ligand, a defective cobalt linear EMAC with an 8-coordinated cobalt(II) in the center was obtained for the first time.

Molecular engineering of push-pull porphyrin dyes for highly efficient dye-sensitized solar cells: the role of benzene spacers.

Porphyrins have drawn much attention as sensitizers owing to the large absorption coefficients of their Soret and Q bands in the visible region. In a donor and acceptor zinc porphyrin we applied a new strategy of introducing 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (BTD) as a π-conjugated linker between the anchoring group and the porphyrin chromophore to broaden the absorption spectra to fill the valley between the Soret and Q bands. With this novel approach, we observed 12.