Psychometric properties of the Taiwan version of Emotion Dysregulation Inventory in Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Background: While the Emotion Dysregulation Inventory (EDI) for autistic people has been validated in many Western countries, its psychometric properties have remained unclear in East Asia.

Methods: We translated the EDI into traditional Chinese and evaluated its psychometric properties among autistic children and youth in Taiwan. We enrolled 200 participants (182 male/18 female) aged 7-30 years from five clinical trials and conducted secondary analyses, assessing internal consistency reliability, confirmatory factor analysis, and convergent validity.

The effect of papain hydrolysis on tropomyosin levels in shrimp.

Shrimp allergy is a serious public health problem. Epidemiological studies indicated the main cause of food allergy is the ingestion of shrimp and crab. Consequently, reducing the risk of shrimp and crab allergy is a major research focus.

Freshwater Clam Extract Attenuates Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Damage In Vitro and In Vivo.

Contemporary pharmacological studies have reported that freshwater clam (Corbicula fluminea) can provide a broad spectrum of bioactivities, including antioxidant, anticancer, antihypertensive, hepatoprotective, and hypocholesterolemic effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the gastroprotective effects of water extract of freshwater clam (WEC) on indomethacin (IND)-induced gastric mucosal cell damage in vitro and gastric ulcer in vivo. The cell viability of rat gastric mucosa RGM-1 cells was markedly decreased by 0.

Hyperforin Suppresses Oncogenic Kinases and Induces Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer Cells.

Background/aim: Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), Janus Kinase 1 (JAK1), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and protein kinase B (AKT) are essential for malignant transformation and progression in colorectal cancer (CRC) and can be considered as targets for therapeutic interventions. Hyperforin, an active constituent from Hypericum perforatum, has been reported to inhibit inflammation. However, whether hyperforin may suppress CRC progression via inactivation of JAK/STAT3, ERK or AKT signaling remains unclear.

Acetylation Enhances the Anticancer Activity and Oral Bioavailability of 5-Demethyltangeretin.

A kind of hydroxylated polymethoxyflavone (PMFs) existing in the citrus genus, 5-Demethyltangeretin (5-DTAN), has been reported to possess several bioactivities in vitro and in vivo. The aim of this study was to investigate whether acetylation could enhance the anticancer activity and oral bioavailability of 5-DTAN. PC-3 human prostate cancer cells were treated with tangeretin (TAN), 5-DTAN, and 5-acetylated TAN (5-ATAN), and the results showed that the cytotoxic effect 5-ATAN (IC50 value of 5.

Mechanistic Insights into the Inhibitory Activities of Chemical Constituents from the Fruits of Terminalia boivinii on α-Glucosidase.

Regulation of key digestive enzymes is currently considered an effective remedy for diabetes mellitus. In this study, bioactive constituents were purified from Terminalia boivinii fruits and identified by H-NMR, C-NMR and EI-MS. In vitro and in silico methods were used to evaluate α-glucosidase, α-amylase, and lipase inhibition activities.

DNA damage and NF-κB inactivation implicate glycyrrhizic acid-induced G phase arrest in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequently occurring liver malignancy in Asia. Glycyrrhizic acid is known to reduce the risk of HCC formation in patients with chronic hepatitis C. To identify whether glycyrrhizic acid may play a role in anti-HCC therapy as an adjuvant is important.

Characterization of Novel Dipeptidyl Peptidase-IV Inhibitory Peptides from Soft-Shelled Turtle Yolk Hydrolysate Using Orthogonal Bioassay-Guided Fractionations Coupled with In Vitro and In Silico Study.

Five novel peptides (LPLF, WLQL, LPSW, VPGLAL, and LVGLPL) bearing dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitory activities were identified from the gastrointestinal enzymatic hydrolysate of soft-shelled turtle yolk (SSTY) proteins. Peptides were isolated separately using reversed-phase (RP) chromatography in parallel with off-line strong cation exchange (SCX) chromatography followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis to determine sequences. Among these peptides, LPSW showed the highest DPP-IV inhibitory activity with an IC value of 269.

Enhanced bioethanol production using atmospheric cold plasma-assisted detoxification of sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate.

The current study used acid hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials to obtain fermentable sugar for bioethanol production. However, toxic compounds that inhibit fermentation are also produced during the process, which reduces the bioethanol productivity. In this study, atmospheric cold plasma (ACP) was adopted to degrade the toxic compounds within sulfuric acid-hydrolyzed sugarcane bagasse.

Methods for efficient analysis of tocopherols, tocotrienols and their metabolites in animal samples with HPLC-EC.

Tocopherols and tocotrienols, collectively known as vitamin E, have received a great deal of attention because of their interesting biological activities. In the present study, we reexamined and improved previous methods of sample preparation and the conditions of high-performance liquid chromatography for more accurate quantification of tocopherols, tocotrienols and their major chain-degradation metabolites. For the analysis of serum tocopherols/tocotrienols, we reconfirmed our method of mixing serum with ethanol followed by hexane extraction.

Lactobacillus pentosus GMNL-77 inhibits skin lesions in imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like mice.

Psoriasis, which is regarded as a T-cell-mediated chronic inflammatory skin disease, is characterized by hyperproliferation and poor differentiation of epidermal keratinocytes. In this study, we aimed to determine the in vivo effect of a potentially probiotic strain, Lactobacillus pentosus GMNL-77, in imiquimod-induced epidermal hyperplasia and psoriasis-like skin inflammation in BALB/c mice. Oral administration of L.

Biological actions and molecular effects of resveratrol, pterostilbene, and 3'-hydroxypterostilbene.

Stilbenes are a class of polyphenolic compounds, naturally found in a wide variety of dietary sources such as grapes, berries, peanuts, red wine, and some medicinal plants. There are several well-known stilbenes including trans-resveratrol, pterostilbene, and 3'-hydroxypterostilbene. The core chemical structure of stilbene compounds is 1,2-diphenylethylene.

miR-376c promotes carcinogenesis and serves as a plasma marker for gastric carcinoma.

Gastric carcinoma is highly prevalent throughout the world. Understanding the pathogenesis of this disease will benefit diagnosis and resolution. Studies show that miRNAs are involved in the tumorigenesis of gastric carcinoma.

Chlorella sorokiniana induces mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in human non-small cell lung cancer cells and inhibits xenograft tumor growth in vivo.

Background: Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer related deaths worldwide. Marine microalgae are a source of biologically active compounds and are widely consumed as a nutritional supplement in East Asian countries. It has been reported that Chlorella or Chlorella extracts have various beneficial pharmacological compounds that modulate immune responses; however, no studies have investigated the anti-cancer effects of Chlorella sorokiniana (CS) on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Sinularin induces DNA damage, G2/M phase arrest, and apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Background: Sinularin isolated from the cultured soft coral Sinularia flexibilis has been reported to exert potent cytotoxic effects against particular types of cancer. This study was carried out to investigate the cytotoxic effects in sinularin-treated human hepatocellular carcinoma cells, HepG2, and to subsequently explore the underlying molecular mechanisms.

Methods: TheMTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyl- tetrazolium bromide) method was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of sinularin on HepG2 and Hep3B cell lines.

Improvement on Physical Properties of Pullulan Films by Novel Cross-Linking Strategy.

Pullulan based films possess several advantages, including high transparency, low toxicity, good biodegradability, good mechanical properties, and low oxygen permeability, are preferable for food packaging. The application of pullulan films on food packaging, however, has inherent disadvantage of high water solubility. In this study, glutaraldehyde and glycerol were used as the cross-linking reagent and the plasticizer respectively to improve water resistance and physical properties of the pullulan films.

Isolation and identification of cellulose-producing strain Komagataeibacter intermedius from fermented fruit juice.

A bacterial cellulose (BC) producing strain isolated from fermented fruit juice was identified as Komagataeibacter intermedius (K. intermedius) FST213-1 by 16s rDNA sequencing analysis and biochemical characteristics test. K.

Tangeretin derivative, 5-acetyloxy-6,7,8,4'-tetramethoxyflavone induces G2/M arrest, apoptosis and autophagy in human non-small cell lung cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.

Tangeretin, a major phytochemicals in tangerine peels--an important Chinese herb, has been found to have anti-carcinogenic properties. To improve bioavailability and increase potency of tangeretin, its derivative, 5-acetyloxy-6,7,8,4'-tetramethoxyflavone (5-AcTMF), has been synthesized and shown potent inhibition of proliferation activity against human breast and leukemia cancer cell lines. In this study, we have further investigated the anticancer effects of 5-AcTMF on CL1-5 non-small cell lung cancer cells (NSCLC) both in vitro and in vivo and demonstrated that 5-AcTMF effectively inhibited cancer cell proliferation, induced G2/M-phase arrest associated with cdc2 and CDC25c and increased in the apoptotic cells associated with caspase activation, down regulation of Bcl-2, XIAP and Survivn, inducing release of cytochrome c into the cytosol and disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential.

Naringenin inhibits dendritic cell maturation and has therapeutic effects in a murine model of collagen-induced arthritis.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of naringenin (5,7,4'-trihydroxyflavanone), a citrus flavonoid, on dendritic cell (DC) maturation, as well as its potential as a therapeutic agent in a murine model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Naringenin effectively inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced DC maturation as shown by reductions in the production of proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines, the expression of costimulatory molecules and the Ag-specific T cell priming ability of DCs when given at noncytotoxic doses. In addition, the decrease of LPS-induced MAPK and NF-κB signaling activation may contribute to the inhibitory activity of naringenin.

An improved process for high nutrition of germinated brown rice production: Low-pressure plasma.

Brown rice was exposed to low-pressure plasma ranging from 1 to 3kV for 10min. Treatment of brown rice in low-pressure plasma increases the germination percentage, seedling length, and water uptake in laboratory germination tests. Of the various treatments, 3-kV plasma exposure for 10min yielded the best results.

Erlotinib is effective in pancreatic cancer with epidermal growth factor receptor mutations: a randomized, open-label, prospective trial.

Objective: To analyze the efficacy of gemcitabine with or without erlotinib for pancreatic cancer, and to determine the predictive role of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and KRAS mutations in these patients.

Methods: This was a single-center, randomized, open-label, prospective trial. Eighty-eight chemotherapy-naïve metastatic pancreatic cancer patients were randomized for treatment with gemcitabine or gemcitabine plus erlotinib.

5-demethylnobiletin promotes the formation of polymerized tubulin, leads to G2/M phase arrest and induces autophagy via JNK activation in human lung cancer cells.

5-Demethylnobiletin is a hydroxylated polymethoxyflavone found in citrus plants that shows antiproliferative activities in several cancer cell lines. In this study, we investigated the effects and underlying molecular mechanisms of 5-demethylnobiletin on inhibition of cell growth, apoptosis, cell cycle and autophagy in A549 and CL1-5 lung cancer cells. The results of the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay suggested that 5-demethylnobiletin inhibited cell growth in a dose- and time-dependent manner.

Update on treatment of gastric cancer.

Surgery is the main treatment for curing gastric cancer. Early diagnosis provides an excellent survival outcome via an improved detection of early gastric cancer and an improved resection rate. The extent of lymphadenectomy surgery has been under debate for a long time.