Rare earth elements activate endocytosis in plant cells.

It has long been observed that rare earth elements (REEs) regulate multiple facets of plant growth and development. However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. Here, using electron microscopic autoradiography, we show the life cycle of a light REE (lanthanum) and a heavy REE (terbium) in horseradish leaf cells.

Copper-catalyzed regio- and stereoselective O-arylation of enolates.

Copper-catalyzed O-arylation of enolates with diaryliodonium salts as arylating reagents was realized successfully. As important building blocks, β-aryloxy carbonyl compounds were obtained in up to 98% yield under mild conditions, and complete control of O-arylation and Z-stereoselectivity were achieved. The origin of the selectivity was also discussed.

Copper-catalyzed regioselective reaction of internal alkynes and diaryliodonium salts.

The copper-catalyzed highly regioselective reaction of internal alkynes with diaryliodonium salts was achieved for the first time. α-Arylketones were obtained in moderate to good yields from arylpropargylic alcohols or aryl alkyl alkynes under mild conditions. It was found that the two kinds of substrates underwent two different arylation-oxygenation pathways under different reaction conditions based on deuterated experiments, controlling experiments, and spectroscopic analysis of reaction intermediates.

Novel syntheses and properties of meso-tetraaryl-octabromo-tetranaphtho[2,3]porphyrins (Ar4Br8TNPs).

o-Quinodimethane (o-QDM) generated from benzosultine was used to extend the pyrrole system for the preparation of octabromo-tetranaphtho[2,3]porphyrins via oxidative aromatization. The properties of these bromoporphyrins were presented and chemical transformation via Pd-catalyzed Suzuki reaction was also effectively achieved.

Enhancement of copper availability and microbial community changes in rice rhizospheres affected by sulfur.

The role of sulfur on the availability of Cu and the bacterial community in rice rhizospheres was investigated by pot experiments. With sulfur addition, pH in rhizosphere soil decreased and Mg(NO₃)₂ extractable Cu increased significantly. The bacterial community composition also changed with sulfur addition.

[Persisters and their effects on microbial biofilm tolerance: a review].

Persisters are a group of special subpopulation of bacteria, only occupying < 0.1% of the whole population but having the characteristics different from the ordinary bacteria and resistant mutants. They have complex formation mechanism, and are difficult to isolate and culture.

Interaction of Pseudomonas putida CZ1 with clays and ability of the composite to immobilize copper and zinc from solution.

The present study was conducted to determine the abilities of the living and nonliving Pseudomonas putida CZ1 cells, clays (goethite, kaolinite, smectite and manganite) and their composites to accumulate copper and zinc from a liquid medium, and elucidate the role of microbes on the mobility of heavy metals. Various mixtures of bacteria and clays were exposed to solutions of 0.025 mM or 0.

Heavy metal availability and impact on activity of soil microorganisms along a Cu/Zn contamination gradient.

All the regulations that define a maximum concentration of metals in the receiving soil are based on total soil metal concentration. However, the potential toxicity of a heavy metal in the soil depends on its speciation and availability. We studied the effects of heavy metal speciation and availability on soil microorganism activities along a Cu/Zn contamination gradient.

Immobilization of heavy metals by Pseudomonas putida CZ1/goethite composites from solution.

Bacterial-mineral composites are important in the retention of heavy metals due to their large sorption capacity under a wide range of environmental conditions. This study provides the first quantitative comparison of the metal-binding capacities of P. putida CZ1-goethite composite to its individual components.

Determination of copper binding in Pseudomonas putida CZ1 by chemical modifications and X-ray absorption spectroscopy.

Previously performed studies have shown that Pseudomonas putida CZ1 biomass can bind an appreciable amount of Cu(II) and Zn(II) ions from aqueous solutions. The mechanisms of Cu- and Zn-binding by P. putida CZ1 were ascertained by chemical modifications of the biomass followed by Fourier transform infrared and X-ray absorption spectroscopic analyses of the living or nonliving cells.

Adsorption of copper and zinc on Pseudomonas putida CZ1: particle concentration effect and adsorption reversibility.

The adsorption and desorption processes of Cu(II) and Zn(II) on the biomass of Pseudomonas putida CZ1 as a function of particle concentrations (C(p)) were studied. In a 0.01 M KNO3 solution, the Cu-biomass and Zn-biomass adsorption systems displayed a clear C(p) effect.

The influence of soil heavy metals pollution on soil microbial biomass, enzyme activity, and community composition near a copper smelter.

The environmental risk of heavy metal pollution is pronounced in soils adjacent to large industrial complexes. It is important to investigate the functioning of soil microorganisms in ecosystems exposed to long-term contamination by heavy metals. We studied the potential effects of heavy metals on microbial biomass, activity, and community composition in soil near a copper smelter in China.

Tolerance and biosorption of copper and zinc by Pseudomonas putida CZ1 isolated from metal-polluted soil.

A strain of Pseudomonas sp. CZ1, which was isolated from the rhizosphere of Elsholtzia splendens obtained from the heavy-metal-contaminated soil in the north-central region of the Zhejiang province of China, has been studied for tolerance to copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) and its capacities for biosorption of these metals. Based on 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing, the microorganism was closely related to Pseudomonas putida.

Biosorption of copper(II) and zinc(II) from aqueous solution by Pseudomonas putida CZ1.

To study Pseudomonas putida CZ1, having high tolerance to copper and zinc on the removal of toxic metals from aqueous solutions, the biosorption of Cu(II) and Zn(II) by living and nonliving P. putida CZ1 were studied as functions of reaction time, initial pH of the solution and metal concentration. It was found that the optimum pH for Zn(II) removal by living and nonliving cells was 5.

The silica-like extended polymorphism of cobalt(II) imidazolate three-dimensional frameworks: X-ray single-crystal structures and magnetic properties.

Five polymorphous frameworks of cobalt(II) imidazolates (1-5) have been prepared by solvatothermal syntheses. Of these, compound 3 has already been synthesized in a gas-phase reaction by Seel et al. in 1969 and structurally characterized by Sturm et al.

The mononuclear cobalt(II) complex CoII(DMBDIZ)2(NCS)2, where DMBDIZ is 2,6-dimethylbenzo[1,2-d:4,5-d']diimidazole.

In the title mononuclear cobalt complex, bis(2,6-dimethyl-1H,7H-benzo[1,2-d:4,5-d']diimidazole-kappaN(3))bis(thiocyanato-kappaN)cobalt(II), [Co(II)(NCS)(2)(DMBDIZ)(2)] or [Co(NCS)(2)(C(10)H(10)N(4))(2)], the cobalt(II) ion is coordinated to four N atoms, from two thiocyanate anions and two DMBDIZ ligands, in a distorted tetrahedral geometry. In the DMBDIZ ligand, the two imine N atoms are positioned cis with respect to one another. The crystal packing of the complex is dominated by both hydrogen bonding, involving two N-H.