Wild mungbean resistance to the nematode Meloidogyne enterolobii involves the induction of phenylpropanoid metabolism and lignification.

Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are plant parasites causing annual economic losses amounting to several billion US dollars worldwide. One of the most aggressive species is M.

Combined Hounsfield units of hepatocellular carcinoma on computed tomography and PET as a noninvasive predictor of early recurrence after living donor liver transplantation: Time-to-recurrence survival analysis.

Background: Liver transplantation is an effective treatment for preventing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence. This retrospective study aimed to quantitatively evaluate the attenuation in Hounsfield units (HU) on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) as a prognostic factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following liver transplantation as a treatment. Our goal is to optimize its predictive ability for early tumor recurrence and compare it with the other imaging modality-positron emission tomography (PET).

Intestinal dual-specificity phosphatase 6 regulates the cold-induced gut microbiota remodeling to promote white adipose browning.

Gut microbiota rearrangement induced by cold temperature is crucial for browning in murine white adipose tissue. This study provides evidence that DUSP6, a host factor, plays a critical role in regulating cold-induced gut microbiota rearrangement. When exposed to cold, the downregulation of intestinal DUSP6 increased the capacity of gut microbiota to produce ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA).

The composition of the maternal breastmilk microbiota influences the microbiota network structure during early infancy.

Background/purpose(s): Human breastmilk (BM) is important for microbiome maturation in infants across different body sites. Streptococcus and Staphylococcus are considered universally predominant genera in the BM microbiota. However, whether the differential abundance of Streptococcus and Staphylococcus in BM can differentially affect microbiome maturation in infants remains unclear.

Dynamics of spatial and temporal population structure of Pyricularia oryzae in Taiwan.

Background: To gain a better understanding of how Pyricularia oryzae population shifts is important for selecting suitable resistance genes for rice breeding programs. However, the relationships between P. oryzae pathogenic dynamics, geographic distribution, rice varieties, and timeline are not well studied.

A 20-Year Study of Capsular Polysaccharide Seroepidemiology, Susceptibility Profiles, and Virulence Determinants of Klebsiella pneumoniae from Bacteremia Patients in Taiwan.

In this study, we selected bacteremic Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from the Taiwan Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance program. A total of 521 isolates were collected over a period of 2 decades, including 121 from 1998, 197 from 2008, and 203 from 2018. Seroepidemiology showed that the top five capsular polysaccharide types were serotypes K1, K2, K20, K54, and K62, constituting 48.

The Alteration of Akkermansiaceae/Lachnospiraceae Ratio Is a Microbial Feature of Antibiotic-Induced Microbiota Remodeling.

Antibiotic treatment has been shown to cause gut microbiota dysbiosis. However, lacking critical features defining gut microbiota dysbiosis makes it challenging to prevent. By co-occurrence network analysis, we found that despite short antibiotic courses eliminating certain microbial taxa, the genus played the role of a high-centrality hub to maintain microbiota homeostasis.

Use artificial neural network to recommend the lumbar spinal endoscopic surgical corridor.

Objectives: The transforaminal and interlaminar approaches are the two main surgical corridors of full endoscopic lumbar surgery. However, there are no quantifying methods for assessing the best surgical approach for each patient. This study aimed to establish an artificial intelligence (AI) model using an artificial neural network (ANN).

Possible Association of Hysterectomy Accompanied with Opportunistic Salpingectomy with Early Menopause: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Opportunistic salpingectomies (OSs) are concurrently performed with hysterectomies to prevent epithelial ovarian cancer. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between OS and early menopause in females who have undergone hysterectomies. This was a retrospective cohort study involving 79 females who had undergone a hysterectomy, with or without an OS, between January 2007 and December 2015.

A Precision Health Service for Chronic Diseases: Development and Cohort Study Using Wearable Device, Machine Learning, and Deep Learning.

This paper presents an integrated and scalable precision health service for health promotion and chronic disease prevention. Continuous real-time monitoring of lifestyle and environmental factors is implemented by integrating wearable devices, open environmental data, indoor air quality sensing devices, a location-based smartphone app, and an AI-assisted telecare platform. The AI-assisted telecare platform provided comprehensive insight into patients' clinical, lifestyle, and environmental data, and generated reliable predictions of future acute exacerbation events.

Serosal Injury to a Distended Stomach during Open Entry for Laparoendoscopic Single-Site Surgery.

Complications related to open entry for laparoscopic procedures are relatively rare, and the incidence of closed entry-related complications is 0.4 per 1000 cases. We report a case of serosal injury to a distended stomach that was caused during open entry.

The necessity of abdominal drainage for patients with complicated appendicitis undergoing laparoscopic appendectomy: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the necessity of abdominal drainage after laparoscopic appendectomy in patients with complicated appendicitis.

Methods: Patients with acute appendicitis undergoing laparoscopic appendectomy at two hospitals between January 2014 and December 2018 were retrospectively included. Complicated appendicitis was defined as the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) grade ≥ II.

Panic Attack Prediction Using Wearable Devices and Machine Learning: Development and Cohort Study.

Background: A panic attack (PA) is an intense form of anxiety accompanied by multiple somatic presentations, leading to frequent emergency department visits and impairing the quality of life. A prediction model for PAs could help clinicians and patients monitor, control, and carry out early intervention for recurrent PAs, enabling more personalized treatment for panic disorder (PD).

Objective: This study aims to provide a 7-day PA prediction model and determine the relationship between a future PA and various features, including physiological factors, anxiety and depressive factors, and the air quality index (AQI).

Atherosclerosis amelioration by allicin in raw garlic through gut microbiota and trimethylamine-N-oxide modulation.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is strongly associated with the gut microbiota and its metabolites, including trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), formed from metaorganismal metabolism of ʟ-carnitine. Raw garlic juice, with allicin as its primary compound, exhibits considerable effects on the gut microbiota. This study validated the benefits of raw garlic juice against CVD risk via modulation of the gut microbiota and its metabolites.

SMS reminders to improve outpatient attendance for public dental services: A retrospective study.

Patients who miss scheduled appointments reduce clinical productivity and delay access to care for other patients. Reminders have improved attendance for healthcare appointments previously, but it is not known if short message service (SMS) implementation reduces incidence of patients unable to attend (UTA) or who fail to attend (FTA) appointments in the public dental service. This paper studied the effectiveness of SMS reminders in increasing appointment attendance at outpatient public dental services in Queensland.

Pelvic inflammatory disease and causative pathogens in older women in a medical center in eastern Taiwan: A retrospective cross-sectional study.

Objectives: Most research into the management of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is in younger women and focuses on sexually transmitted pathogens such as N. gonorrhoeae or C. trachomatis.

Primary inguinal subcutaneous endometriosis accompanied with an inguinal hernia: A case report.

Rationale: We report a case with inguinal subcutaneous endometriosis without typical cyclic dysmenorrhea and accompanied with a hernia sac treated with resection of the tumor and herniorrhaphy.

Patient Concerns: A 40-year-old woman had a painless enlarged inguinal nodule for 3 months.

Diagnoses: Subcutaneous endometriosis accompanied with a hernia sac.

Supplementation of nanofiltrated deep ocean water ameliorate the progression of osteoporosis in ovariectomized rat via regulating osteoblast differentiation.

Magnesium was reported to be necessary for bone formation. Previous study indicated nanofiltrated deep ocean water (DOW) rich in magnesium. This study investigated the potential mechanisms of DOW in ameliorating osteoporosis.

Identification of TMAO-producer phenotype and host-diet-gut dysbiosis by carnitine challenge test in human and germ-free mice.

Objective: The gut microbiota-derived metabolite, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) plays an important role in cardiovascular disease (CVD). The fasting plasma TMAO was shown as a prognostic indicator of CVD incident in patients and raised the interest of intervention targeting gut microbiota. Here we develop a clinically applicable method called oral carnitine challenge test (OCCT) for TMAO-related therapeutic drug efforts assessment and personalising dietary guidance.

An outbreak of norovirus gastroenteritis associated with asymptomatic food handlers in Kinmen, Taiwan.

Background: In February 2015 an outbreak of gastroenteritis occurred in a distillery in Kinmen, Taiwan. At least 450 affected employees developed the symptoms of diarrhea and vomiting after attending a lunch banquet on 6 February. Epidemiological, laboratory and environmental investigations were conducted to identify the agent and source of this outbreak.

Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Proteus mirabilis: a longitudinal nationwide study from the Taiwan surveillance of antimicrobial resistance (TSAR) program.

Background: Longitudinal nationwide data on antimicrobial susceptibility in Proteus mirabilis from different sources are rare. The effects of the revised Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) β-lactam breakpoints on susceptibility rates and on detecting extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and AmpC β-lactamase-producers in this species are also seldom evaluated. The present study analyzed data from the Taiwan Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance program to address these issues.

Antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi isolates from Bangladesh, Indonesia, Taiwan, and Vietnam.

We characterized Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi isolates from Bangladesh, Indonesia, Taiwan, and Vietnam to investigate their genetic relatedness and antimicrobial resistance. The isolates from Bangladesh and Vietnam were genetically closely related but were distant from those from Indonesia and Taiwan. All but a few isolates from Indonesia and Taiwan were susceptible to all antimicrobials tested.