Clinical Use of Acid Suppressants and Risk of Dementia in the Elderly: A Pharmaco-Epidemiological Cohort Study.

Background: Results of studies regarding the potential link between acid suppressant use and dementia risk are inconsistent. This study aimed to evaluate the association of cumulative exposure to histamine 2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs) and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) with dementia risk in an Asian older cohort aged ≥65 years.

Methods: Patients initiating H2RA (the H2RA user cohort, = 21,449) or PPI (the PPI user cohort, = 6584) and those without prescription for H2RA (the H2RA non-user cohort, = 21,449) or PPI (the PPI non-user cohort, = 6584) between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2005 without a prior history of dementia were identified from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD).

Facile Synthesis and Cytotoxicity of Phenazine-Chromene Hybrid Molecules Derived from Phenazine Natural Product.

Aim And Objective: Small molecule targeted drugs can effectively reduce the toxicity and side effects of drugs, and improve the efficacy of drugs by their specific antitumor activity. Hence, the development of small molecular targeted drugs for cancer has important significance. This study was undertaken to design and synthesize novel phenazine-chromene hybrid molecules in order to optimize the structure and improve the efficacy of this kind of hybrids.

Osteoclast-like giant cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder.

Extraskeletal osteoclast-like giant cell (OGC) tumors are uncommon and have mainly been found in the breast and pancreas. OGC neoplasms of the urinary tract are extremely rare, and their histogenesis and biologic behavior remain controversial. Gross hematuria is the most common presenting symptom, as in transitional cell carcinoma.

Acardiac syndrome coexisting with complex skeletal dysplasia in the co-twin: 3D sonographic findings.

We present a case of twin reversed arterial perfusion syndrome complicated by an acardius acephalus fetus and complex skeletal dysplasia in the co-twin, including a reduction of the right arm and absence of the right scapula and 4 ribs, as evaluated with three-dimensional sonography and MRI.

Effects of lead contamination on soil microbial activity and rice physiological indices in soil-Pb-rice (Oryza sativa L.) system.

The effect of lead (Pb) treatment on the soil microbial activities (soil microbial biomass and soil basal respiration) and rice physiological indices were studied by greenhouse pot experiment. Pb was applied as lead acetate at six different levels in two different paddy soils, namely 0 (control), 100, 300, 500, 700, 900 mg kg-1 soil. The results showed that the application of Pb at lower level (<300 mg kg-1) as lead acetate resulted in a slight increase in soil microbial activities compared with the control, and had an inhibitory influence at high concentration (>500 mg Pb kg-1 soil), which might be the critical concentration of Pb causing a significant decline in the soil microbial activities.

Effect of heavy metals on soil microbial activity and diversity in a reclaimed mining wasteland of red soil area.

The microbial biomass, basal respiration and substrate utilization pattern in copper mining wasteland of red soil area, southern China, were investigated. The results indicated that soil microflora were obviously different compared with that of the non-mine soil. Microbial biomass and basal respiration were negatively affected by the elevated heavy metal levels.

Effect of combined pollution by heavy metals on soil enzymatic activities in areas polluted by tailings from Pb-Zn-Ag mine.

Some enzymatic activities were determined in the areas polluted by tailings from Tiantai Pb-Zn-Ag Mine in Zhejiang Province of China. The results indicated the soil enzymatic activities decreased significantly with increase of concentrations of heavy metals or the distance away from mining tailing center, especially dehydrogenase and urease activities. Multivariate regression analysis between heavy metal contents and soil enzymatic activities indicated that single dehydrogenase activity was very significantly correlated to combined effect of soil heavy metals in mine area.

Nuchal translucence incorporated into a one-stage multifactorial screening model for Down syndrome prediction at second-trimester pregnancy.

The aim of this study was to achieve one-stage screening for trisomy 21 using a combination of nuchal translucency (NuT) measurement and maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and free beta-human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) biochemistry levels in the second trimester among a high-risk study population. From January 1998 to June 2001, 45 cases of trisomy 21 were prenatally found and confirmed in the hospital-based cytogenetic diagnosis laboratory. A total of 867 normal singleton pregnancies were enrolled as controls from the antenatal care clinics in the hospital.

Prenatal diagnosis of mosaic tetrasomy 10p associated with megacisterna magna, echogenic focus of left ventricle, umbilical cord cysts and distal arthrogryposis.

We present the first report of mosaic isochromosome 10p associated with multiple congenital anomalies including megacisterna magna, echogenic focus of the left ventricle, umbilical cord cysts, and distal arthrogryposis. The most obvious anomalies found on prenatal ultrasound were enlarged cisterna magna and lower limb flexion contractures which resembled clubfeet. Analyses of GTG-banded chromosomes of 42 cells harvested from 32 independent tissue culture colonies were examined.

Successful conservative treatment for advanced interstitial pregnancy. A case report.

Background: Interstitial pregnancy is a relatively rare and life-threatening disease, occurring in 2-4% of all extrauterine pregnancies, and the maternal mortality rate is 2-2.5%. Laparoscopic surgery and, less commonly, methotrexate are the treatments of choice for interstitial pregnancy.