The thermal instability of hydrogen-substituted graphdiyne and its role in lithium-sulfur batteries.

This study reveals the role of thermal instability in hydrogen-substituted graphdiyne (HsGDY) and its impact on lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery performance. HsGDY undergoes significant chemical and physical transformations when subjected to thermal heating, both in the presence and absence of sulfur. Our findings suggest that the structural transformation of HsGDY into a graphene-like structure is primarily responsible for enhancing sulfur trapping and reducing the polysulfide shuttle effect, rather than the previously hypothesized alkyne-sulfur chemical interactions.

Development and validation of a model for early survival prediction following liver transplantation based on donor and recipient characteristics.

Background: Circulating cytokine levels not only correlate with the progression of liver disease but also serve as indicators for the infection status of the body. Growing evidence points to the connection between donor cytokines and graft function following transplantation. This study set out to explore the clinical significance of donor cytokines in predicting liver transplantation prognosis.

Exploring the impact of inflammatory cytokines on alcoholic liver disease: a Mendelian randomization study with bioinformatics insights into potential biological mechanisms.

Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) significantly contributes to global morbidity and mortality. The role of inflammatory cytokines in alcohol-induced liver injury is pivotal yet not fully elucidated. To establish a causal link between inflammatory cytokines and ALD using a Mendelian Randomization (MR) framework.

A case of rare obstructive jaundice induced by concealed displacement of T-tube.

We present the case of a 32-year-old woman who was ultimately diagnosed with obstructive jaundice. She exhibited persist jaundice, liver dysfunction with normal drainage of T-tube (400-500 ml per day), and normal stools. Prior to her admission to our department, she had undergone a cholecystectomy and T-tube placement following common bile duct exploration for cholelithiasis.

Investigating the causal association between obesity and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma and underlying mechanisms.

Obesity is a global health concern and independent risk factor for cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, evidence on the causal links between obesity and HCC is limited and inconclusive. This study aimed to investigate the causal relationship between obesity-related traits and HCC risk and explore underlying mechanisms using bioinformatics approaches.

Enhancing GaN/AlGaN-Based Heterojunction Phototransistors: The Role of Graded Base Structures in Performance Improvement.

This research explores the architecture and efficacy of GaN/AlGaN-based heterojunction phototransistors (HPTs) engineered with both a compositionally graded and a doping-graded base. Employing theoretical analysis along with empirical fabrication techniques, HPTs configured with an aluminum compositionally graded base were observed to exhibit a substantial enhancement in current gain. Specifically, theoretical models predicted a 12-fold increase, while experimental evaluations revealed an even more pronounced improvement of approximately 27.

A Real-Time Hand Gesture Recognition System for Low-Latency HMI via Transient HD-SEMG and In-Sensor Computing.

In real-time human-machine interaction (HMI) applications, hand gesture recognition (HGR) requires high accuracy with low latency. Surface electromyography (sEMG), a physiological electrical signal reflecting muscle activation, is extensively used in HMI. Recently, transient sEMG, generated during the gesture transitions, has been employed in HGR to achieve lower observational latency compared to steady-state sEMG.

The Latest Advances in Ink-Based Nanogenerators: From Materials to Applications.

Nanogenerators possess the capability to harvest faint energy from the environment. Among them, thermoelectric (TE), triboelectric, piezoelectric (PE), and moisture-enabled nanogenerators represent promising approaches to micro-nano energy collection. These nanogenerators have seen considerable progress in material optimization and structural design.

Monolithic 24 cm flexible triple-junction solar cell encapsulated module based on the ipsilateral electrode welding technology: erratum.

This erratum corrects an error in Fig. 1 of the original paper, Appl. Opt.

Monolithic 24 cm flexible triple-junction solar cell encapsulated module based on the ipsilateral electrode welding technology.

The inverted metamorphic multi-junction solar cell is anticipated to be widely applied in stratospheric flight because of its exceptional properties of flexibility and light weight. We propose an ipsilateral welding technology based on Ti/Au electrodes to simplify the fabrication process of GaInP/GaAs/InGaAs solar cells and encapsulate large-sized flexible solar cells. After annealing at 200°C for 2 h, the Ti/Au electrode achieved a low specific contact resistivity of 2.

PPIH acts as a potential predictive biomarker for patients with common solid tumors.

Background: Our previous studies have indicated that mRNA and protein levels of PPIH are significantly upregulated in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (LIHC) and could act as predictive biomarkers for patients with LIHC. Nonetheless, the expression and implications of PPIH in the etiology and progression of common solid tumors have yet to be explored, including its potential as a serum tumor marker.

Methods: We employed bioinformatics analyses, augmented with clinical sample evaluations, to investigate the mRNA and protein expression and gene regulation networks of PPIH in various solid tumors.

The enhancement of astaxanthin production in through a synergistic melatonin treatment and zinc finger transcription factor gene overexpression.

Astaxanthin has multiple physiological functions and is applied widely. The yeast is an ideal source of microbial astaxanthin. However, the stress conditions beneficial for astaxanthin synthesis often inhibit cell growth, leading to low productivity of astaxanthin in this yeast.

Causal roles of gut microbiota in cholangiocarcinoma etiology suggested by genetic study.

Background: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a highly malignant biliary tract cancer with poor prognosis. Previous studies have implicated the gut microbiota in CCA, but evidence for causal mechanisms is lacking.

Aim: To investigate the causal relationship between gut microbiota and CCA risk.

The dysregulation of biliary tract microflora is closely related to primary choledocholithiasis: a multicenter study.

Bile microecology changes play an important role in the occurrence and development of choledocholithiasis. At present, there is no clear report on the difference of bile microecology between asymptomatic patients with gallbladder polyps and choledocholithiasis. This study compared bile microecology between gallbladder polyp patients and patients with choledocholithiasis to identify risk factors for primary choledocholithiasis.

Correlation of Differentially Expressed lncRNAs with Intestinal Flora Imbalance, Small Intestinal Permeability, and Glucose Uptake in T2DM Mice.

Diabetes is a major global health concern. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between differentially expressed lncRNAs in mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and alterations in the intestinal flora and intestinal pathology. A T2DM mouse model was constructed by feeding mice a high-fat diet.

Mirizzi syndrome: Problems and strategies.

Mirizzi syndrome is a serious complication of gallstone disease. It is caused by the impacted stones in the gallbladder neck or cystic duct. One of the features of Mirizzi syndrome is severe inflammation or dense fibrosis at the Calot's triangle.

Ring geometric effect on the performance of AlGaN-based deep-ultraviolet light-emitting diodes.

In this study, we fabricated and characterized various parallel flip-chip AlGaN-based deep-ultraviolet (DUV) micro-ring LEDs, including changes in ring dimensions as well as the p-GaN-removed region widths at the outer micro-ring, respectively (PRM LEDs). It is revealed that the LED chips with smaller mesa withstand higher current density and deliver considerably higher light output power density (LOPD), under the same proportion of the hole to the entire mesa column (before it is etched into ring) within the limits of dimensions. However, as the ring-shaped mesa decreases, the LOPD begins to decline because of etching damage.

Pan-cancer analysis revealing the multidimensional expression and prognostic and immunologic roles of TGFB1 in cancer.

Objective: This study aimed to perform an integrated pan-cancer analysis to characterize the expression patterns, prognostic value, genetic alterations, and immunologic roles of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFB1) across diverse human cancer types.

Methods: Bioinformatics analyses were conducted using multiple public databases including The Cancer Genome Atlas, Genotype-Tissue Expression, Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium, TIMER2, GEPIA2, cBioPortal, StringDB, and others. Differential expression, survival, immune correlation, and protein interaction network analyses were performed.

The role of meteorological factors on influenza incidence among children in Guangzhou China, 2019-2022.

Objective: Analyzing the epidemiological characteristics of influenza cases among children aged 0-17 years in Guangzhou from 2019 to 2022. Assessing the relationships between multiple meteorological factors and influenza, improving the early warning systems for influenza, and providing a scientific basis for influenza prevention and control measures.

Methods: The influenza data were obtained from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention.

Elucidating the causal association between gut microbiota and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma through Mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is an aggressive liver cancer with poor prognosis. The gut microbiota has been linked to ICC, but evidence for causality is lacking. Elucidating causal gut microbiota-ICC links could inform prevention and treatment strategies.

Correction: Stretchable and durable HD-sEMG electrodes for accurate recognition of swallowing activities on complex epidermal surfaces.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/s41378-023-00591-3.].