Immunoadjuvant-functionalized metal-organic frameworks: synthesis and applications in tumor immune modulation.

Cancer immunotherapy, which leverages the body's immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells, has made significant progress, particularly in the treatment of metastatic tumors. However, challenges such as drug stability and off-target effects still limit its clinical success. To address these issues, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as promising nanocarriers in cancer immunotherapy.

Fibrous scaffolds loaded with BMSC-derived apoptotic vesicles promote wound healing by inducing macrophage polarization.

Macrophages play a key role in wound healing. Dysfunction of their M0 polarization to M2 leads to disorders of the wound immune microenvironment and chronic inflammation, which affects wound healing. Regulating the polarization of M0 macrophages to M2 macrophages is an effective strategy for treating wound healing.

Lightweight Lung-nodule Detection Model Combined with Multidimensional Attention Convolution.

Background: Early and timely detection of pulmonary nodules and initiation treatment can substantially improve the survival rate of lung carcinoma. However, current detection methods based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) cannot easily detect pulmonary nodules owing to low detection accuracy and the difficulty in detecting small-sized pulmonary nodules; meanwhile, more accurate CNN-based models are slow and require high hardware specifications.

Objective: The aim of this study is to develop a detection model that achieves both high accuracy and real-time performance, ensuring effective and timely results.

Identification, characterization, and expression of Oryza sativa tryptophan decarboxylase genes associated with fluroxypyr-meptyl metabolism.

Tryptophan decarboxylase (TDC) belongs to a family of aromatic amino acid decarboxylases and catalyzes the conversion of tryptophan to tryptamine. It is the enzyme involved in the first step of melatonin (MT) biosynthesis and mediates several key functions in abiotic stress tolerance. In Oryza sativa under pesticide-induced stress, TDC function is unclear.

Spatial distribution and driving factors of soil selenium on the Leizhou Peninsula, southern China.

Selenium (Se) is an essential element for humans, playing a critical role in the functioning of the immune system. The global prevalence of dietary Se deficiency is a significant public health concern, largely attributed to the low levels of Se present in crops. The sufficient Se in plants and humans is determined by the presence of stable Se sources in the soil.

Correlated Decoding of Logical Algorithms with Transversal Gates.

Quantum error correction is believed to be essential for scalable quantum computation, but its implementation is challenging due to its considerable space-time overhead. Motivated by recent experiments demonstrating efficient manipulation of logical qubits using transversal gates [Bluvstein et al., Nature (London) 626, 58 (2024)NATUAS0028-083610.

Discovery of HZS60 as a Novel Brain Penetrant NMDAR/TRPM4 Interaction Interface Inhibitor with Improved Activity and Pharmacokinetic Properties for the Treatment of Cerebral Ischemia.

The death signaling complex comprising extrasynaptic NMDAR and TRPM4 plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. Targeting the protein-protein interactions between NMDAR and TRPM4 represents a promising therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke. Herein, we describe the discovery of a novel series of NMDAR/TRPM4 interaction interface inhibitors aimed at enhancing neuroprotective efficacy and optimizing pharmacokinetic profiles.

The effect of calf muscular vein thrombosis on the prognosis within one year postoperatively of geriatric hip fracture patients: a propensity score-matched analysis.

Introduction: Calf muscular vein thrombosis (CMVT) is a type of distal deep vein thrombosis, which is common in geriatric hip fracture patients. However, studies focusing on whether the orthopedic operation has an impact on the prognosis of geriatric hip fracture patients with CMVT are very limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore whether geriatric hip fractures with CMVT affect the mortality of patients within one year postoperatively.

Case report: Outflow reconstruction with pre-frozen allograft blood vessels during partial hepatectomy followed by tumor resection and partial liver autotransplantation for locally advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with background of cirrhosis.

surgery and autotransplantation may provide a promising option for radical resection of conventionally unresectable liver tumors. Two cirrhotic patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which has an "awkward seat" located in the "intrahepatic vascular triangle area (IVTA)" that consists of the middle hepatic vein (MHV), the right branches of the Glisson sheath, and the inferior vena cava (IVC), underwent extended right-half hepatectomy followed by tumor resection and partial liver autotransplantation. Innovatively, the outflow of the tumor-free liver was reconstructed using pre-frozen allograft blood vessels from brain-dead donors; the patients recovered well postoperation.

Metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis reveals metabolic-immune interactions in choroid neovascularization.

Choroid neovascularization (CNV) is a distinct type of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) with a poor prognosis and responsible for the majority of vision loss in the elderly population. The laser-induced CNV model is a well-established animal model frequently used to study CNV. In this study, we performed an integrated analysis of metabolomic and transcriptomic data from CNV samples, utilizing multiple approaches including single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA), correlation analysis, and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), alongside various bioinformatics platforms, to identify key metabolic and immune signatures and to investigate their interplay during angiogenesis.

A Novel Approach Using LuxSit-i Enhanced Toehold Switches for the Rapid Detection of .

() is a significant concern, as it can cause severe infections and hemolytic trauma. Given its prevalence in seawater and coastal seafood, it poses a substantial risk as a foodborne pathogen. Biosensor-based detection technology has been continuously evolving, and toehold switches have emerged as a promising area within it, especially in the detection of RNA viruses.

Genetic Warfare: The Plant Genome's Role in Fending Off Insect Invaders.

The plant defense against insects is multiple layers of interactions. They defend through direct defense and indirect defense. Direct defenses include both physical and chemical barriers that hinder insect growth, development, and reproduction.

A neoteric smartphone-assisted colorimetric and fluorometric dual-mode probe based on anthraquinone derived Schiff base for wide-range pH and Cu/S determination in bioimaging.

The fluctuation of ion content has an important effect on human health and ecological environment. Herein, a novel colorimetric and fluorescent dual mode probe (DMHB) has been designed via the imine bond bridging of anthraquinone derivative dye and salicyl hydrazide. The DMHB displays significance wide-range pH dependent spectral behavior (pKa 5.

Quantifying the Long and Short Axes of the External Iliac Lymph Nodes Using Dual-Energy Computed Tomography: A Potential Diagnostic Approach for Periprosthetic Joint Infection - A Prospective Study.

Purpose: Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a severe complication following joint replacement surgery, and there is a current lack of rapid, accurate, and non-invasive diagnostic methods. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of using dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) to quantify the maximum long and short axes of the external iliac lymph nodes (LNs) as a diagnostic tool for PJI.

Patients And Methods: In this prospective controlled study, 112 patients undergoing total hip or total knee revision surgery were enrolled.

Comparison of cerebral technetium-99m-ethyl cysteinate dimer perfusion in patients with dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease dementia.

Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD) are closely related neurodegenerative conditions within the Lewy body spectrum. The relationship between DLB and PDD remains debated, with ongoing discussion about whether they are distinct diseases or different manifestations of the same disorder. This study aimed to identify differences in cerebral perfusion patterns between DLB and PDD patients.

HCC Model Induced by P53 and Pten Knockout in HBV-Transgenic Mice Mirrors Human HCC at the Transcriptome Level.

With a multitude of HCC mouse models available, choosing the one that most closely resembles human HCC can be challenging. This study addresses this gap by conducting a comprehensive transcriptomic similarity analysis of widely used HCC mouse models. In this study, RNA-seq was performed on a model induced by double knockout of P53 and Pten via CRISPR/Cas9 in HBV-transgenic mice.

Large Scale Synthesis of Red-Emitting Quantum Dots for Efficient and Stable Light-Emitting Diodes.

It is known that large-scale synthesis of emitters affords colloidal quantum dot (CQD) materials with a great opportunity toward the mass production of quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) based commercial electronic products. Herein, an unprecedented example of scalable CQD (> 0.5 kilogram) is achieved by using a core/shell structure of CdZnSe/ZnSeS/CdZnS, in which CdZnSe, ZnSeS, and CdZnS alloys are used as the inner core, transition layer and outermost shell, respectively.

Genetic Analysis of GCA Repeats in the GLS Gene: Implications for Undiagnosed Ataxia and Spinocerebellar Ataxia 3 in Mainland China.

Background: Recent studies have reported that expanded GCA repeats in the GLS gene can cause glutaminase deficiency with ataxia phenotype. However, to data, no studies have investigated the distribution and role of GCA repeats in the GLS gene of Chinese individuals.

Objective: The aim was to investigate the distribution of GCA repeats in Chinese individuals, including undiagnosed ataxia patients for identifying causal factors, healthy controls for determining the normal range, and ATX-ATXN3 (spinocerebellar ataxia type 3, SCA3) patients for exploring genetic modifiers.

A multi-antigen vaccinia vaccine broadly protected mice against SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus while also targeting SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV.

Introduction: Coronaviruses and influenza viruses are significant respiratory pathogens that cause severe disease burdens and economic losses for society. Due to their diversity and evolution, vaccines typically require periodic updating to remain effective. An additional challenge is imposed by the possible coinfection of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza, which could increase disease severity.

Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting and Body Motion Sensing of a Pair of 0D Chiral Hybrid Metal Halides.

Chiral hybrid metal halides have received considerable attention in circularly polarized luminescence and spintronics due to their structural diversity, ease of synthesis, and chemical versatility. However, only a limited number of chiral metal halides have been utilized in piezoelectric energy harvesters and motion sensors. Furthermore, the exploration of 0D chiral piezoelectric materials is still in their early stage, offering substantial potential for further development.

Melatonin Attenuates PFOS-Induced Reproductive Toxicity of Pregnant Mice due to Placental Damage Via Antioxidant, Anti-Aging and Anti-Inflammatory Pathways.

Background: Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), an industrially synthesized persistent organic pollutant (POP), is intricately intertwined with human production and daily life. It has been discovered that PFOS is related to an elevated incidence of birth defects in fetuses. In contrast, melatonin (MLT), a hormone secreted by the pineal gland, has been demonstrated to exert a protective effect on reproductive development.

Performance of automated machine learning in detecting fundus diseases based on ophthalmologic B-scan ultrasound images.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of automated machine learning (AutoML) models in detecting fundus diseases using ocular B-scan ultrasound images.

Methods: Ophthalmologists annotated two B-scan ultrasound image datasets to develop three AutoML models-single-label, multi-class single-label and multi-label-on the Vertex artificial intelligence (AI) platform. Performance of these models was compared among themselves and against existing bespoke models for binary classification tasks.