Screening for Resistant Germplasms and Quantitative Trait Locus Mapping of Resistance to Tomato Chlorosis Virus.

Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV) is an emerging plant virus that poses a substantial threat to the cultivation of economically vital vegetable crops, particularly tomato (). Despite its substantial impact on crop yield, resistant or tolerant tomato germplasms have not been well documented, and the genetic basis of resistance to ToCV remains poorly understood. In this study, two wild accessions that were immune to ToCV and five accessions that were highly resistant to ToCV were identified from 58 tomato accessions.

Enhancing cellulase production in Neurospora crassa through combined deletion of the phospholipase D-encoding gene pla-7 and modulation of transcription factor CLR-2 expression.

Neurospora crassa, a saprophytic fungus, naturally secretes plant cell wall-degrading enzymes, demonstrating strong cellulases production. Despite its century-long use as a model organism, its industrial applications are underexplored. We compared N.

Predicting new-onset stroke with machine learning: development of a model integrating traditional Chinese and western medicine.

Introduction: The integration of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and Western medicine has demonstrated effectiveness in the primary prevention of stroke. Therefore, our study aims to utilize TCM syndromes alongside conventional risk factors as predictive variables to construct a machine learning model for assessing the risk of new-onset stroke.

Methods: We conducted a ten-year follow-up study encompassing 4,511 participants from multiple Chinese community hospitals.

Baseline total lung capacity and all-cause mortality in restrictive pulmonary disorders: a meta-analysis.

Rationale: Forced vital capacity (FVC) has been utilized as a surrogate for vital capacity (VC) in monitoring the progression of restrictive pulmonary disorders, particularly in clinical trials of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). A dose-response relationship between decreased FVC and mortality in IPF has also been established. Since 2005, total lung capacity (TLC) has been routinely required to differentiate and diagnose restrictive pulmonary disorders.

Uncovering dynamic transcriptional regulation of methanogenesis via single-cell imaging of archaeal gene expression.

Archaeal methanogenesis is a dynamic process regulated by various cellular and environmental signals. However, understanding this regulation is technically challenging due to the difficulty of measuring gene expression dynamics in individual archaeal cells. Here, we develop a multi-round hybridization chain reaction (HCR)-assisted single-molecule fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) method to quantify the transcriptional dynamics of 12 genes involved in methanogenesis in individual cells of Methanococcoides orientis.

Key genes in a "Galloylation-Degalloylation cycle" controlling the synthesis of hydrolyzable tannins in strawberry plants.

Strawberry fruits, known for their excellent taste and potential health benefits, are particularly valued for their rich content of hydrolyzable tannins (HTs). These compounds play key roles in regulating growth and development. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying HT synthesis in plants remains poorly elucidated.

Long-24-h ahemeral light cycle improved eggshell quality of hens in late laying period.

Previous study indicated that long-24-h ahemeral light cycle could ameliorate the deterioration of eggshell quality, a significant issue in the later stages of egg production; nevertheless, the underlying process remains unclear. This study explored the mechanism of the long-24-h ahemeral light cycle improving eggshell quality of hens in late laying stage. Two sets of 260 Hy-Line brown laying hens, aged 74 weeks, were randomized, with 65 chickens in each group.

Insight into the Underlying Molecular Toxic Mechanisms of Cyantraniliprole and Broflanilide against Different Targets with Glutathione Transferase Phi8 from .

As two typical kinds of diamide insecticides, cyantraniliprole and broflanilide are characterized by diverse target receptors and completely distinctive regulation mechanisms. However, the systematical evaluation of oxidative damage on plants induced by cyantraniliprole and broflanilide still remains elusive. In this study, the toxic effects were investigated in the biochemical and physiological aspects using GSTF8 as a biomarker.

Microgels-based In Vivo Biosensor for Continuous Blood Glucose Monitoring.

Microgel-based in vivo biosensor is an innovative technological concept that focuses on creating nano- and/or micro-scale sensors for health monitoring. Microgel-based sensor (MBS) enables highly sensitive detection of a phenomenon-of-interest through electromagnetic characteristics. This paper presents a novel MBS for implantable health monitoring, and the research contributions can be summarized into two main aspects.

Optimizing Targeted Drug Delivery through Hierarchical Network-Based Molecular Communication System.

We introduce an innovative Molecular Communication (MC) system designed for efficient targeted drug delivery, leveraging a hierarchical network-based mechanism. This approach revolutionizes how nanomedicines are delivered, transforming the nanoparticle's motions in blood vessel networks into an information transfer process within a virtual network. Given that much of the current work focuses on the physical layer of molecular communication, we focus more on the network layer.

Quantifying Collaboration among Nanoparticles for Autonomous Tumor Homing.

The presence of a tumor regulates the peritu-moral area and stimulates nanoparticles (NPs) to undergo morphological changes. Such deformation of NPs could be used to achieve collaboration among them for autonomous tumor homing (ATH), where NPs search for a tumor in a non-centralized and independent manner. In our previous works, we have shown that simple NPs with limited socializing abilities, can be used to increase the tumor detection performance through localization of small tumors on hard-to-reach areas.

Uncertainty Quantification of Cuffless Blood Pressure with Deep Evidential Regression Model.

Cuffless blood pressure (BP) estimation models have been extensively studied in recent years. However, due to aleatoric and epistemic uncertainty, these methods make it difficult to provide reliable and accurate BP estimations meeting the clinical requirement. In this study, we propose a novel method to quantify the uncertainty of the cuffless BP estimation model and combine epistemic uncertainty with conformal prediction to generate a statistically rigorous uncertainty interval (UI).

Transformation of Tin Microparticles to Nanoparticles on Nanotextured Carbon Support Boosts the Efficiency of the Electrochemical CO Reduction.

Developing sustainable, efficient catalysts for the electrocatalytic reduction of CO to valuable products remains a crucial challenge. Our research demonstrates that combining tin with nanostructured carbon support leads to a dynamic interface promoting the transformation of microparticles to nanoparticles directly during the reaction, significantly increasing the formate production up to 5.0 mol h g, while maintaining nearly 100% selectivity.

Macrophage-derived CTSS drives the age-dependent disruption of the blood-CSF barrier.

The choroid plexus (CP) serves as the primary source of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The blood-CSF barrier, composed of tight junctions among the epithelial cells in the CP, safeguards CSF from unrestricted exposure to bloodborne factors. This barrier is thus indispensable to brain homeostasis and is associated with age-related neural disorders.

Constrained Pulse Radar Waveform Design Based on Optimization Theory.

Radar is utilized as an active sensing device across many fields. Its waveform optimization is responsible for target signature extraction, profoundly influencing the overall performance. First, the principle of pulse radar waveform design is explored.

Transgenic Maize of Shapes Microbiome on Adaxial and Abaxial Surface of Leaves to Promote Disease Resistance.

The phyllosphere is one of the largest habitats for microorganisms, and host genetic factors play an important role during the interaction between microorganisms and the phyllosphere. Therefore, the transgene may also lead to changes in the maize phyllosphere. was identified as a drought-tolerant gene in .

Research progress of metal-CpG composite nanoadjuvants in tumor immunotherapy.

The practical benefits and therapeutic potential of tumor vaccines in immunotherapy have drawn significant attention in the field of cancer treatment. Among the available vaccines, nanovaccines that utilize nanoparticles as carriers or adjuvants have demonstrated considerable effectiveness in combating cancer. Cytosine-phosphate-guanine oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG ODN), a common adjuvant in tumor nanovaccines, activates both humoral and cellular immunity by recognizing toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), thereby aiding in the prevention and treatment of cancer.

Superhydrophilic Nanostructured Microparticles for Enhanced Phosphoprotein Enrichment from Alzheimer's Disease Brain.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an incurable neurodegenerative disorder and closely related to abnormal phosphoproteoforms. The analysis of low-abundance phosphoproteoforms relies heavily on the enrichment of phosphoproteins. However, existing phosphoprotein enrichment materials suffer from either low selectivity or low coverage due to the unavoidable unspecific adsorption of background proteins.

The impact of timing perception strategy on intertemporal decision-making in older adults: the role of subjective time perception.

With the global aging population, an increasing number of researchers are interested in the intertemporal choice issues faced by older adults. Previous studies have examined how age-related differences in time perception affect intertemporal choices. However, the impact of time perception strategy on intertemporal decision-making among older adults remains unclear.

Tailoring Polymer Coatings and Grafting Structures for Photoswitchable Ionic Transport in Solid-State Nanochannels.

Photoresponsive ion nanochannels have gained significant attention for their ability to regulate ionic transport in response to external stimuli. The potential of molecular and polymeric architectures in the nanochannels to further enhance and modulate these behaviors, however, remains underexplored. In this work, we explore the integration of spiropyran-based polymers into anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) nanochannels, resulting in tailored photoresponsive behaviors.

High-SNR, high- repetition-rate, compact, picosecond, mid-infrared optical parametric oscillator pumped synchronously by a harmonic mode-locked fiber laser.

This study proposes and demonstrates a high-performance picosecond mid-infrared optical parametric oscillator (OPO) based on harmonic mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser synchronous pumping. The OPO exhibits unparalleled advantages including a compact structure, high repetition rate, excellent stability, and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The OPO output pulse maintains a high repetition rate of 0.

metaCDA: A Novel Framework for CircRNA-Driven Drug Discovery Utilizing Adaptive Aggregation and Meta-Knowledge Learning.

In the emerging field of RNA drugs, circular RNA (circRNA) has attracted much attention as a novel multifunctional therapeutic target. Delving deeper into the intricate interactions between circRNA and disease is critical for driving drug discovery efforts centered around circRNAs. Current computational methods face two significant limitations: a lack of aggregate information in heterogeneous graph networks and a lack of higher-order fusion information.

A Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probe with a Large Stokes Shift for Detecting Hydrogen Sulfide in Environmental Waters, Wine Samples, and Living Systems.

Hydrogen sulfide (HS) is closely related to physiological diseases, environmental pollution, food safety, and plant growth. Herein, a new nopinone-based near-infrared fluorescent probe has been developed to detect HS with superior performance, including a large Stokes shift, low detection limit, good selectivity, and fast response time. was used to detect HS in environmental water and wine samples quantitatively.

Robust convex biclustering with a tuning-free method.

Biclustering is widely used in different kinds of fields including gene information analysis, text mining, and recommendation system by effectively discovering the local correlation between samples and features. However, many biclustering algorithms will collapse when facing heavy-tailed data. In this paper, we propose a robust version of convex biclustering algorithm with Huber loss.

Chrysanthemum classification method integrating deep visual features from both the front and back sides.

Introducion: Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat (hereinafter referred to as Chrysanthemum) is one of the most beloved and economically valuable Chinese herbal crops, which contains abundant medicinal ingredients and wide application prospects. Therefore, identifying the classification and origin of Chrysanthemum is important for producers, consumers, and market regulators. The existing Chrysanthemum classification methods mostly rely on visual subjective identification, are time-consuming, and always need high equipment costs.