The differential effects of integrase strand transfer inhibitors and efavirenz on neuropsychiatric conditions and brain imaging in HIV-positive men who have sex with men.

Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) have emerged as the first-line choice for treating human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection due to their superior efficacy and safety. However, the impact of INSTIs on the development of neuropsychiatric conditions in people living with HIV (PLWH) is not fully understood due to limited data. In this study, we conducted a cross-sectional examination of PLWH receiving antiretroviral therapy, with a specific focus on HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM) on INSTI-based regimens (n = 61) and efavirenz (EFV)-based regimens (n = 28).

pH-Activated NIR fluorescent probe for sensitive mitochondrial viscosity detection.

Understanding mitochondrial viscosity is crucial for comprehending cellular health and function. Therefore, accurate and sensitive measurement of mitochondrial viscosity is essential for advancing medical diagnostics and treatment strategies. In this study, a novel near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe SSN was developed, based on the dual mechanisms of Excited-State Intramolecular Proton Transfer (ESIPT) and Twisted Intramolecular Charge Transfer (TICT).

Exploration of risk factors and characteristics of COVID-19 infection among patients with hematological malignancies in Suzhou, China: a retrospective study.

Background And Aim: Patients diagnosed with cancer, particularly those with hematologic malignancies, frequently exhibit a state of immunosuppression. Currently, there remains a scarcity of dependable biomarkers for assessing the severity of COVID-19 in individuals with hematologic malignancies. We conducted a retrospective study of morbidity and mortality in patients with hematological malignancies (HM) who had contracted COVID-19.

Telomere-to-telomere, gap-free genome of mung bean () provides insights into domestication under structural variation.

Mung bean (), an essential annual legume, holds substantial value in global agriculture due to its short growth cycle, low input requirements, and nutritional benefits. Despite extensive domestication, the genetic mechanisms underlying its morphological and physiological evolution remain incompletely understood. In this study, we present a gap-free, telomere-to-telomere genome assembly of the mung bean cultivar 'Weilv-9', achieved through the integration of PacBio HiFi, Oxford Nanopore, and high-throughput chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) sequencing technologies.

Associations between dietary B vitamin intakes and cognitive function among elderly individuals: An observational study.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the associations between dietary B vitamin intakes and the prevalence of cognitive impairment among elderly individuals in the United States.

Methods: This cross-sectional analysis, based on data from 2716 participants aged 60 years or older in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011 to 2014. Dietary intakes of six B vitamins (vitamins B1, B2, niacin, B6, total folate, and B12) were assessed using two 24-hour dietary recalls.

ALM adjusted by BMI or weight predicts adverse health outcomes in middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.

The role of skeletal muscle in the prognosis of patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) remains unclear. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the impact of different muscle-mass adjustment standards on adverse health outcomes in middle-aged and elderly T2DM patients. Retrospective cohort study.

CPNE7 Regulates Amyloidogenesis Through CAP1-Dependent ADAM10 Translation.

The accumulation of amyloid plaques is a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), in which ADAM10, the α-secretase that catalyzes APP and facilitates the non-amyloidogenesis pathway, plays an important role. We have previously reported that the expression of copine-7 (Cpne7) in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice is significantly upregulated by nicotine, whereas the potential role of CPNE7 in AD remains largely unknown. Here, we report that CPNE7 protein levels are significantly decreased in APP/PS1 mice and HEK293 cells stably expressing full-length APP.

Clinical features of autoimmune cerebellar ataxia related to neuronal antibodies.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the clinical features of neuronal antibodies related to autoimmune cerebellar ataxia (ACA) and to provide guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.

Methods: Demographic and clinical data were collected from antibody-positive patients with ACA who were admitted to the Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, from January 2018 to February 2023. A retrospective analysis on the clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations, imaging data, treatment, and prognosis was performed.

Palladium-Catalyzed α-Arylation of Sulfoxonium Ylides with Aryl Thianthrenium Salts via C-S and C-H Bond Activation.

Diverse α-aryl α-carbonyl sulfoxonium ylides were efficiently synthesized in yields ranging from moderate to high via a palladium-catalyzed α-arylation of sulfoxonium ylides with aryl thianthrenium salts. The reactions proceeded smoothly via C-S and C-H bond functionalization, exhibiting broad substrate scope and good compatibility to various functionalities. In addition, the scale-up synthesis could be achieved, and the one-pot protocol commencing from the use of simple arene as the precursor of aryl thianthrenium salt could also be accomplished.

Structural Characterization and Anti-Gouty Nephropathy Potential of Polysaccharides from .

Polysaccharides derived from (DC.) Koidz. (ACP), a traditional Chinese medicine, were extracted and analyzed for their structural characteristics and anti-gouty nephropathy (GN) activity.

Atypical Developmental Patterns of Sensorimotor-Related Networks in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A BrainAGE Study Based on Resting-State fMRI.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a type of neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by atypical brain development. Previous whole-brain BrainAGE studies have unveiled the presence of accelerated or delayed brain function developmental patterns in individuals with ASD. However, it remains unclear whether these patterns manifest at a global level throughout the entire brain or are specific to certain functional sub-networks.

Association between plasma short-chain fatty acids and inflammation in human immunodeficiency virus-associated neurocognitive disorder: a pilot study.

Background And Aims: Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), key metabolites produced by gut microbiota, have neuroprotective effects in neurodegenerative diseases by modulating immune responses. However, their role in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) remains largely unexplored.

Methods: We recruited HAND patients, HIV Control, and healthy controls (HC).

Targeting USP1 Potentiates Radiation-Induced Type I IFN-Dependent Antitumor Immunity by Enhancing Oligo-Ubiquitinated SAR1A-Mediated STING Trafficking and Activation.

The magnitude of Type I interferon (IFN) mediated innate immune response within the tumor microenvironment (TME) critically influences the effectiveness of radiotherapy. Unfortunately, due to a myriad of resistance mechanisms, the double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) signals produced by tumor cells postradiotherapy often induce a diminished response from immune cells. Through chemical screening targeting deubiquitinating enzymes, we identified USP1 (Ubiquitin Specific Peptidase 1) inhibitor as an enhancer of post-radiotherapy dsDNA responses.

Development of a novel prognostic nomogram for AIDS-associated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a retrospective study from northern China.

Despite advancements in antiretroviral therapy, AIDS-related diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (AR-DLBCL) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Compared to non-HIV-infected individuals, AR-DLBCL presents with considerable disease heterogeneity, which impairs the accuracy of current prognostic tools. This study aims to develop a novel prognostic model to enhance risk assessment for AR-DLBCL.

Predicting Drug Resistance: The Use of Novel Inflammatory Markers in Identifying ESBL-Producing .

Purpose: To explore the association of the Systemic Inflammatory Response Index (SIRI) and Systemic Inflammatory Immunity Index (SII) with extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing  and its resistance prediction.

Methods: A total of 425 patients with  infections were included in the study. Data on general clinical characteristics and relevant laboratory indicators were collected.

Comprehensive single-cell analysis deciphered the immunoregulatory mechanism of TPPU in alleviating sepsis-related acute liver injury.

Introduction: Sepsis-related acute liver injury involves complex immune dysfunctions. Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), bioactive molecules derived from arachidonic acid (AA) via cytochrome P450 (CYP450) and rapidly hydrolyzed by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), possess anti-inflammatory properties. Nevertheless, the impact of the sEH inhibitor TPPU on sepsis-related acute liver injury remains uncertain.

Attentional bias toward threatening stimuli in major depressive disorder: A free-viewing eye-tracking study.

Object: Limited evidence exists regarding negative attentional bias toward threatening stimuli in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). This cross-sectional study aimed to explore attentional bias toward threatening stimuli in patients with MDD.

Method: Hamilton Depression Scale-24 items (HAMD-24) and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) were used to assess all participants.

Differential responses of soil C, N, and P ecological stoichiometric characteristics to different configurations of edge-locked forests in the Kubuqi Desert.

As a vital component of the desert ecological protection system, the edge-locked forests of the Kubuqi Desert play a crucial role in mitigating wind erosion, stabilizing sand, maintaining soil and water, and restricting desert expansion. In this paper, six types of standard protection forests in the Kubuqi Desert, namely (SL), (SZ), (HL), (YC + SL), (XYY + NT), and (SZ + HL), were investigated. Notably, the vertical differentiation patterns of soil carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and ecological stoichiometric ratios, as well as soil particle size features within the 0-100-cm soil layer under protection forests with different allocation modes, were systematically and comprehensively analyzed.

Exploring the relationship between grip strength and diabetic nephropathy among U.S. adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional NHANES analysis.

Aim: To examine the relationship between grip strength (GS) and diabetic nephropathy (DN).

Materials And Methods: Data on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus collected between 2011 and 2014 were obtained from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Demographic characteristics (sex, age, race, marital status, and educational level), clinical measures (smoking status, drinking status, body mass index [BMI], glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c], urinary albumin creatinine ratio [UACR], diabetes duration, and hypertension), and grip strength assessments were collected.

In silico and animal studies on the anti-cancer mechanisms of Shaoyao Decoction against colitis-associated colorectal cancer.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: It is well known that Shaoyao Decoction (SYD), as a commonly used formula of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has a beneficial effect on the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). It is found that SYD can also prevent colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC). However, its potential anti-cancer mechanism is still waiting to be revealed.

Keystone root bacteria in Ambrosia artemisiifolia promote invasive growth by increasing the colonization rate of Funneliformis mosseae.

Higher arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonization rates in the roots of invasive plants than in those of native plants are associated with invasion success. Keystone plant-root bacteria (or root-associated bacteria) can influence plant growth by interacting with other members of the microbial community (eg.AMF).

Efficacy and Safety of Low-Dose Oral Etoposide Combined With Capecitabine for Patients With Postoperative Metastatic Breast Cancer Resistant to Anthracycline/Taxanes.

Introduction: The purpose of this study is to determine the efficacy and safety of metronomic chemotherapy with all-oral combination of low-dose etoposide/capecitabine in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) previously treated with anthracyclines and/or taxanes.

Methods: Metronomic chemotherapy, giving lower, more frequent doses of chemotherapy drugs over an extended period, often without long breaks between cycles. With oral low-dose etoposide + capecitabine was administered to patients who had postoperative MBC resistant to anthracycline/taxanes: etoposide 30 mg/m/day, qd for 7 days + capecitabine 1400 mg/m/day, administered in two equal dose for 14 days, with 21 days as a cycle.

Diagnostic tests performance in detecting Pneumocystis jirovecii: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Objective: Pneumocystis jirovecii (Pj) pneumonia (PJP) is a life-threatening opportunistic infection primarily affecting immunocompromised individuals. Detecting Pj is challenging, particularly in distinguishing between Pj colonization (PJC) and infection. We aimed to systematically evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of various tests in differentiating Pj colonization from infection.

Comprehensive analysis of PEPC gene family in Populus trichocarpa: Characterization, evolutionary insights, and the role of PtPEPC4-PtLTPG14 interaction in carbon metabolism.

The phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) is a crucial enzyme involved in the primary carbon metabolism of plants, catalyzing the conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to oxaloacetate (OAA), a key intermediate in various biosynthetic pathways. In this study, we identified five Populus trichocarpa PEPCs, renamed PtPEPC1-PtPEPC5, which were classified into two subfamilies, PTPC and BTPC, based on phylogenetic analysis. Our analysis revealed significant segmental duplication events during the expansion of PtPEPCs, providing insights into the evolutionary history of these genes in poplar.