Lateral habenula induces cognitive and affective dysfunctions in mice with neuropathic pain via an indirect pathway to the ventral tegmental area.

Neuropathic pain, which has become a major public health concern, is frequently accompanied by the deterioration of affective behavior and cognitive function. However, the brain circuitry underlying these changes is poorly understood. Therefore, we aimed to identify in a mouse model the converging circuit that influences the sensory, affective, and cognitive consequences of neuropathic pain.

Evaluation Value of Preoperative Serum Transaminase Ratio Combined with Serum Tumor Markers for Prognosis of Patients with Stage III Colorectal Cancer: A Retrospective Study.

Objective: This study utilized data from two hospitals to investigate the relationship between the preoperative serum alanine aminotransferase to aspartate aminotransferase ratio (LSR) combined with preoperative serum tumor markers (TM) and the prognosis of patients with stage III colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: An analysis was performed on the clinical data of 211 patients diagnosed with stage III colorectal cancer (CRC), treated surgically at the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University and the General Surgery Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University between January 2016 and December 2016. Laboratory data were also compiled for these patients.

miRNA-19a-3p Exacerbates Tube Formation by Targeting SOCS1 to Regulate JAK2/STAT3/VEGF in Diabetic Retinopathy.

Objective: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a retinal microangiopathy caused by diabetes mellitus. miRNAs have been shown to be involved in DR-associated micro vessel formation, influence the DR progression, and may be a therapeutic strategy for DR. miRNA-19a-3p is highly expressed in the vitreous of DR patients, however, its mechanism in the occurrence and development of DR is unclear.

A novel self-ratiometric fluorescent sensor of sodium alginate hydrogel bead doping with coumarin derivative with extremely acidic pH visual monitoring of fruit juice freshness.

The slight acidic pH changes during food storage and transportation are often difficult to detect in a timely and accurate manner. There is also an urgent need to establish a portable, accurate, and low interference detection method for real-time monitoring of the quality changes of fresh juice that already has its own color. In this paper, a self-ratiometric fluorescent sensor (DCCA/SA bead) was prepared by combining a modified coumarin and sodium alginate (SA), and was used for the extreme pH monitoring of fluorescent by naked eye colorimetry.

Oral ADC189 for Adults and Adolescents with Uncomplicated Influenza.

Objectives: ADC189 is a novel anti-influenza virus inhibitor. In this study, we aimed to evaluated the safety and efficacy of ADC189 in outpatients with uncomplicated influenza infection.

Methods: In the phase 2 trial, we assigned patients in a 2:2:1 ratio to receive either single dose 15-mg or 45-mg of ADC189 or placebo.

Establishing a deep learning model that integrates pre- and mid-treatment computed tomography to predict treatment response for non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Patients with identical stages or similar tumor volumes can vary significantly in their responses to radiotherapy (RT) due to individual characteristics, making personalized RT for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) challenging. This study aimed to develop a deep learning (DL) model by integrating pre- and mid-treatment computed tomography (CT) to predict the treatment response in NSCLC patients.

Methods And Material: We retrospectively collected data from 168 NSCLC patients across three hospitals.

Prodrug-designed nanocarrier co-delivering chemotherapeutic and vascular disrupting agents with exceptionally high drug loading capacity.

Chemotherapy remains a vital component of cancer treatment, with combination therapy widely used in clinical practice to overcome the limitations of single-drug administration. However, challenges persist including pharmacokinetic discrepancies among different pharmaceutical agents, and insufficient synergistic efficiency in small-molecule drug combinations. There is an urgent need to develop more efficient combination therapy strategies.

A sinomenine derivative alleviates bone destruction in collagen-induced arthritis mice by suppressing mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress via the NRF2/HO-1/NQO1 signaling pathway.

Bone destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) leads to significant disability, yet effective treatments are limited. Sinomenine (Sino) demonstrates anti-arthritic and bone-protective effects but requires high doses. In this study, we developed a Sino derivative, SINX, and evaluated its efficacy in RA.

Oleanolic acid inhibits mesangial cell proliferation and inflammatory response in mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis through IL-17/ERK/AKT pathway.

Background: Mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MsPGN) is a common form of glomerulonephritis characterized by mesangial cell proliferation and inflammatory responses. However, current clinical treatment options for MsPGN are rather limited. Oleanolic acid (OA), a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid compound, exhibits anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory properties and has been proven to have renal protective effects.

Terahertz molecular vibrational sensing using 3D printed anapole meta-biosensor.

Terahertz (THz) fingerprint sensing utilizes the absorption of fingerprints generated by the unique vibrational characteristics of molecules to achieve substance-specific identification. By taking full advance of the anapole mode induced-biosensor consisting of out-of-plane metal-insulator-metal (MIM) configuration, the D-glucose solutions down to physiological level are accurately detected by proposed metasurface biosensor through the electromagnetic induced absorption (EIA) effect induced by the interaction between the metasurface and molecular vibrational fingerprint. Besides, by utilizing the vibrational fingerprint sensing ability, the pure D-glutamic acid and D-lactose, as well as their mixture have been quantitatively characterized.

Genome-wide analysis of KCS genes in tomato and functional characterization of SlKCS8 and SlKCS10 in drought tolerance.

KCS, an endogenous cellular enzyme, catalyzes the elongation of fatty acid chains and plays a crucial role in the biosynthesis of plant epidermal wax. Through processes such as transfer, decarboxylation, and fixation, it contributes to plant growth and adaptation to abiotic and biotic stresses. However, the mechanism by which KCS genes participate in the response of tomato plants to driught remains unclear.

NaMA-Mamba: Foundation model for generalizable nasal disease detection using masked autoencoder with Mamba on endoscopic images.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has shown great promise in analyzing nasal endoscopic images for disease detection. However, current AI systems require extensive expert-labeled data for each specific medical condition, limiting their applications. In this work, the challenge is addressed through two key innovations, the creation of the first large-scale pre-training dataset of nasal endoscopic images, and the development of a novel self-learning AI system specifically designed for nasal endoscopy, named NaMA-Mamba.

Protective functions of liver X receptor α on calcified aortic valve: involvement of regulating endoplasmic reticulum-mediated osteogenic differentiation.

Aims: Effective therapeutic drugs for calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) are lacking, although its incidence has been increasing over the past decade, and is predicted to continue rising in the future. This study aimed to explore the role and potential mechanisms of liver X receptor α (LXRα) in CAVD, which offers a promising approach for treating CAVD.

Methods And Results: Osteogenic stimulation was performed following which a substantial downregulation of LXRα was observed in human calcific aortic valves and in valvular interstitial cells.

Pan-cancer analysis predicts MBOAT2 as a potential new ferroptosis related gene immune checkpoint.

Background: The phospholipid-modifying enzyme MBOAT2 plays a crucial role in iron homeostasis by inhibiting iron sequestration, thus preventing iron-induced cell death. It achieves this by remodeling the phospholipid composition of cell membranes through phospholipid metabolism. Although multiple studies have highlighted the significance of MBOAT2 in tumorigenesis, a comprehensive pan-cancer analysis has not been conducted to date.

Stress hyperglycemia ratio and 30-day mortality among critically ill patients with acute heart failure: analysis of the MIMIC-IV database.

Background: The association between the stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) and short-term prognosis of acute heart failure (AHF), particularly among those admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), has not been elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the association between the SHR and adverse outcomes among critically ill patients with AHF and provide a reference for glycemic management range in these patients.

Methods: We extracted the clinical data of patients from the MIMIC-IV (v3.

Correlation between tumor stroma ratio, prognosis, and apparent diffusion coefficient in alveolar soft part sarcoma.

Objectives: To investigate the correlation between tumor stroma ratio (TSR) and survival in patients with alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS), and the application of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) histogram parameters in assessing TSR.

Methods: This retrospective study collected 61 patients from May 2015 to December 2018. TSR was classified as stroma-rich (low TSR) or stroma-poor (high TSR) based on histology.

Antibiotic-Modified Nanoparticles Combined with Lysozyme for Rapid Extraction of Pathogenic Bacteria DNA in Blood.

Rapid and precise identification of the pathogens causing sepsis remains a significant diagnostic challenge. Blood culture is time-consuming and insensitive, while molecular diagnostic techniques, such as the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), are fast but greatly influenced by template quality. Here, we present a new approach to separate trace amounts of pathogen DNA from blood, which utilizes lysozyme to destroy bacteria and release DNA, followed by enrichment and purification using magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) modified with kanamycin (Kan) or tobramycin (TM).

Improving the Performance of Prenatal Cell-Free DNA Screening Through Size-Selective Fetal DNA Enrichment in a Cohort of 71,986 General and High-Risk Pregnancies.

Objective: To evaluate the performance of prenatal cell-free DNA (cfDNA) screening with and without the cell-free fetal DNA enrichment method in general-risk and high-risk pregnancies.

Methods: We performed a size-selective cell-free fetal DNA enrichment in 71,986 pregnancies. The cfDNA screening and follow-up results were collected for trisomies 21, 18, 13, fetal sex chromosome abnormalities (SCAs), and copy number variants (CNVs).

Amino acid variants in the HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 molecules explain the major association of variants with relapse status in pediatric patients with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome.

Background: Management of patients with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) is challenging because of frequent relapses. Causal variants in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II region that are associated with relapse remain undetermined.

Methods: We collected a cohort of East Asian individuals comprising 206 pediatric patients with SSNS and 435 healthy controls from Southwest China.

Apoptotic cell-derived extracellular vesicles-MTA1 confer radioresistance in cervical cancer by inducing cellular dormancy.

Background: Radioresistance presents a major challenge in the treatment of cervical cancer (CC). Apoptotic tumor cells can create an "onco-regenerative niche," contributing to radioresistance. However, the intercellular signaling mechanisms mediating the transfer of radioresistance from apoptotic to surviving cancer cells remain unclear.

Genomic characteristics and prognostic correlations in Chinese multiple myeloma patients.

Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic malignancy characterized by the proliferation of abnormal clonal plasma cells in the bone marrow. The heterogeneity in Chinese MM populations remains underexplored.

Methods: We conducted whole-exome sequencing (WES) on 241 tumor samples, complemented by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) on 131 samples from 212 Chinese MM patients.

Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward cervical spondylosis among the healthy general population.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of the healthy general population toward cervical spondylosis.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among healthy individuals at Peking University Third Hospital between May and December 2023, utilizing a self-designed questionnaire.

Results: A total of 506 valid questionnaires were collected, of which 276 (64.

Development and psychometric properties of the nursing ethical decision-making ability scale.

Background: Nursing ethical decision-making ability is a core competency of nurses. However, no tool has been developed to measure the ethical decision-making ability of nurses in China. Therefore, we aimed to develop a nursing ethical decision-making ability scale (EDMAS) and assess its validity and reliability.

Comprehensive clinical and genetic characterization of hyperprogressive biliary tract cancer during PD-1 blockade monotherapy: case report and literature review.

Background: Some genetically characterized patients show the rapid disease progression during immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) monotherapy, a phenomenon known as hyperprogressive disease (HPD).

Case Presentation: Herein we report a relevant case of biliary tract cancer (BTC) that initially responded to gemcitabine plus oxaliplatin (GEMOX) and PD-1 blockade but subsequently developed HPD in the process of PD-1 blockade maintenance therapy, leading to death within two weeks. Genomic analysis revealed mutations in CDKN2A, PIK3CA, KRAS and EPHA2 in both baseline and hyperprogressive plasma and tumor samples.

The association between triglyceride-glucose index and its combination with post-stroke depression: NHANES 2005-2018.

Background: Growing evidence indicates a link between insulin resistance and post-stroke depression (PSD). This study employed the triglyceride glucose (TyG) index as a measure of insulin resistance to investigate its relationship with PSD.

Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005-2018).