Subcortical tau burden correlates with regional brain atrophy and plasma markers in four-repeat tauopathy parkinsonism.

Background: F-florzolotau positron emission tomography (PET) assists in the diagnosis of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP).

Objective: We aimed to investigate the relationship between F-florzolotau uptake and clinical severity, structural volume changes, and plasma markers in four-repeat tauopathies.

Methods: A total of 80 participants were recruited: 35 with PSP (11 with PSP-Richardson syndrome and 24 with PSP non-Richardson syndrome), 9 with corticobasal syndrome (CBS), 10 with Alzheimer's disease (AD), 8 with Parkinson's disease, and 18 controls.

Cross-Linguistic Analysis of Speech Markers: Insights from English, Chinese, and Italian Speakers.

Cross-linguistic studies with healthy individuals are vital, as they can reveal typologically common and different patterns while providing tailored benchmarks for patient studies. Nevertheless, cross-linguistic differences in narrative speech production, particularly among speakers of languages belonging to distinct language families, have been inadequately investigated. Using a picture description task, we analyze cross-linguistic variations in connected speech production across three linguistically diverse groups of cognitively normal participants-English, Chinese (Mandarin and Cantonese), and Italian speakers.

Coffee and tea consumption and dementia risk: The role of sex and vascular comorbidities.

Background: Coffee and tea consumption has been linked to dementia. However, it remained unknown how sex and vascular risk factors modify the association. We aimed to investigate the association of coffee and tea consumption with dementia and whether sex and vascular comorbidities modified the association.

Substantia nigra nigrosome-1 imaging correlates with the severity of motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease.

Background: Nigrosome-1 imaging has been used for assisting the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD). We aimed to examine the diagnostic performance of loss of nigrosome-1 in PD and the correlation between the size of the nigrosome-1 and motor severity of PD.

Methods: We included 237 patients with PD and 165 controls.

The association between retinal vascular fractal dimension and cognitive function in the community-dwelling older adults cohort TIGER.

Background/purpose: The small retinal vessels reflect cerebral microcirculation and its fractal dimension (D), representing the complexity of the retinal microcirculation. However, the connection between retinal circulation and cognitive function lacked consistent and longitudinal evidence. This study aimed to explore the association between retinal vascular complexity and cognitive impairment over time in non-demented community-dwelling older adults.

Multimorbid Patterns and Cognitive Performance in the Presence of Informative Dropout Among Community-Dwelling Taiwanese Older Adults.

Background And Objectives: Longitudinal studies among older adults often feature elevated dropout rates and multiple chronic conditions. How Taiwanese multimorbid patterns relate to different cognitive domains remains unclear. This study aims to identify sex-specific multimorbid patterns and associate them with cognitive performance while modeling the risk for dropout.

Association of subclinical depressive symptoms and sleep with cognition in the community-dwelling older adults.

Background: /Purpose: This study aimed to explore the association of subclinical depressive symptoms and sleep with cognition in community-dwelling Taiwanese older adults.

Methods: This four-year prospective cohort study (2015-2019) included 379 participants aged 65 years or older from the annual senior health checkup program at National Taiwan University Hospital who were followed up two years later. Global and domain cognitive functions were assessed using validated neuropsychological tests.

Grip Strength and Sarcopenia Predict 2-Year Cognitive Impairment in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Objectives: Using the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS2019) and the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) criteria, this study examined associations of sarcopenia and its components with specific domains of cognitive impairment over time.

Design: A prospective cohort study with a 2-year follow-up.

Setting And Participants: This study is part of the Taiwan Initiatives for Geriatric Epidemiological Research (TIGER), which recruited participants aged 65 years old who attended the senior health checkup program at National Taiwan University Hospital (NTUH).

Machine Learning-Based Classification of Subjective Cognitive Decline, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Alzheimer's Dementia Using Neuroimage and Plasma Biomarkers.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) progresses relentlessly from the preclinical to the dementia stage. The process begins decades before the diagnosis of dementia. Therefore, it is crucial to detect early manifestations to prevent cognitive decline.

A task-specific cognitive domain decline is correlated with plasma and neuroimaging markers in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Background: Cognitive impairment is a disabling non-motor symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD). It remains uncertain whether declines in specific cognitive domains relate to imaging or plasma biomarkers across the disease continuum.

Objective: We investigated whether neuroimaging and plasma biomarkers correlate with individual task-specific cognitive domain declines evidenced by computerized neuropsychological tests in PD patients.

White matter pathology in alzheimer's transgenic mice with chronic exposure to low-level ambient fine particulate matter.

Background: Air pollution, especially fine particulate matter (PM), can cause brain damage, cognitive decline, and an increased risk of neurodegenerative disease, especially alzheimer's disease (AD). Typical pathological findings of amyloid and tau protein accumulation have been detected in the brain after exposure in animal studies. However, these observations were based on high levels of PM exposure, which were far from the WHO guidelines and those present in our environment.

A Digital Screening System for Alzheimer Disease Based on a Neuropsychological Test and a Convolutional Neural Network: System Development and Validation.

Background: Alzheimer disease (AD) and other types of dementia are now considered one of the world's most pressing health problems for aging people worldwide. It was the seventh-leading cause of death, globally, in 2019. With a growing number of patients with dementia and increasing costs for treatment and care, early detection of the disease at the stage of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) will prevent the rapid progression of dementia.

Evidence of plasma biomarkers indicating high risk of dementia in cognitively normal subjects.

Subjects with comorbidities are at risk for neurodegeneration. There is a lack of a direct relationship between comorbidities and neurodegeneration. In this study, immunomagnetic reduction (IMR) assays were utilized to assay plasma Aβ and total tau protein (T-Tau) levels in poststroke (PS, n = 27), family history of Alzheimer's disease (ADFH, n = 35), diabetes (n = 21), end-stage renal disease (ESRD, n = 41), obstructive sleep apnea (OSA, n = 20), Alzheimer's disease (AD, n = 65).

Assessment of High Risk for Alzheimer's Disease Using Plasma Biomarkers in Subjects with Normal Cognition in Taiwan: A Preliminary Study.

Background: In Alzheimer's disease (AD), cognitive impairment begins 10-15 years later than neurodegeneration in the brain. Plasma biomarkers are promising candidates for assessing neurodegeneration in people with normal cognition. It has been reported that subjects with the concentration of plasma amyloid-β 1-42×total tau protein higher than 455 pg/ml are assessed as having a high risk of amnesic mild impairment or AD, denoted as high risk of AD (HRAD).

The association between metabolic syndrome and successful aging- using an extended definition of successful aging.

Objectives: To examine the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and successful aging among community-dwelling older adults.

Methods: Adults aged ≥ 65 years who participated in the senior health checkup program at National Taiwan University Hospital during 2011-2013 were recruited (N = 467 at baseline). The participants were followed after 4 years and 6 years.

A Longitudinal Study on the Association of Interrelated Factors Among Frailty Dimensions, Cognitive Domains, Cognitive Frailty, and All-Cause Mortality.

Background: Cognitive frailty integrating impaired cognitive domains and frailty dimensions has not been explored.

Objective: This study aimed to explore 1) associations among frailty dimensions and cognitive domains over time and 2) the extended definitions of cognitive frailty for predicting all-cause mortality.

Methods: This four-year cohort study recruited 521 older adults at baseline (2011-2013).

Investigation of the Number of Tests Required for Assaying Plasma Biomarkers Associated with Alzheimer's Disease Using Immunomagnetic Reduction.

Introduction: Concentrations of plasma biomarkers associated with Alzheimer's disease have been reported to be as low as several tens of picograms/milliliter (pg/ml). However, in assays measuring these biomarkers, it is likely that repeated measurements are necessary to obtain reliable values.

Methods: We performed assays as a single test or as duplicate, quadruplicate, fivefold and tenfold repeated tests, on samples spiked with different concentrations of amyloid β 1-40 (Aβ; 1-1000 pg/ml), Aβ (1-30,000 pg/ml) and total Tau protein (T-Tau; 0.

Effectiveness of the 10 cm Rivastigmine Patch in Taiwanese Patients with Mild-to-Moderate Alzheimer's Dementia: A 48-Week Real-World Observational Study.

Introduction: The current study aimed to provide data on the effectiveness of the 10 cm rivastigmine patch in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) in a real-world setting in Taiwan.

Methods: This was a 48-week, single-arm, open-label, observational, and post-marketing study conducted across seven centers in Taiwan between May 5, 2016 and July 10, 2017. Eligible patients (aged 55-95 years) treated with the 10 cmrivastigmine patch were enrolled based on physicians' judgment and according to the Taiwan reimbursement criteria of the drug.

Prognostic Features of Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease: An Analysis of Taiwan's Nationwide Surveillance.

Objectives: To study the prognostic features of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) and shed light on its future therapy.

Design: Retrospective cohort study of a longitudinal national cohort of the Taiwan Centers for Disease Control.

Setting And Participants: All patients with suspected CJD are reported to the CJD surveillance unit of the Taiwan Centers for Disease Control.

Integrated F-T807 Tau PET, Structural MRI, and Plasma Tau in Tauopathy Neurodegenerative Disorders.

Tau-specific positron emission topography (PET) imaging enables assessment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We aimed to investigate its performance in combination with plasma tau levels in patients with non-AD tauopathy. A total of 47 participants were enrolled, including 10 healthy controls, 16 with tauopathy parkinsonism syndromes (9 with corticobasal syndrome [CBS], 7 with progressive supranuclear palsy [PSP]), 9 with frontotemporal dementia (FTD), 4 with AD, and 8 with Parkinson's disease (PD).