The metabolic vulnerability index as a novel tool for mortality risk stratification in a large-scale population-based cohort.

Metabolic malnutrition and inflammation-key mechanism links to redox imbalance-are fundamental pathologies that accelerate aging and disease progression, ultimately leading to death. The recently proposed metabolic vulnerability index (MVX) integrates multiple circulatory biomarkers closely linked to both metabolic and inflammatory factors. This study aims to assess MVX's potential to predict mortality in community-based population.

Steatotic Liver Disease Prevalence in China: A Population-Based Study and Meta-Analysis of 17.4 Million Individuals.

Background: Steatotic liver disease (SLD), including metabolic dysfunction-associated SLD (MASLD), has emerged as a leading cause of chronic liver disease in China.

Aims: We aimed to provide a comprehensive and updated description of SLD prevalence in China.

Methods: We described the prevalence, subgroup distribution, and clinical characteristics of SLD in the Taizhou Study of Liver Diseases (T-SOLID).

Overdiagnosis of Lung Cancer Due to the Introduction of Low-Dose Computed Tomography in Average-Risk Populations in the People's Republic of China.

Introduction: Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) has been widely used in health check-ups in China since 2011. The introduction of LDCT in average-risk populations may have led to substantial overdiagnosis of lung cancer.

Methods: This registry-based study included 46,978 incident cases and 34,475 deaths of lung cancer derived from a population of approximately 3.

The Release of Bound Phenolics to Enhance the Antioxidant Activity of Cornmeal by Liquid Fermentation with .

This study investigated the influence of fermentation on the composition of phenolic substances and antioxidant activity in cornmeal. The results indicate that the fermentation process significantly increased both the total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC). After 5 days of fermentation, the TPC rose from 31.

Cu(I)-Catalyzed Enantioselective Epoxidation of Aldehydes with α-Trifluoromethyl Diazosilanes.

Catalytic epoxidation of readily available aldehydes with diazo compounds is an atom economical strategy to synthesize epoxides. However, the asymmetric epoxidation reaction of aldehydes and fluorinated diazo compounds is challenging, because of the severe racemic background reaction. Herein, we report the first Cu(I)-catalyzed enantioselective epoxidation reaction between aldehydes and α-trifluoromethyl diazosilanes for the synthesis of chiral trifluoromethyl epoxides.

Spatiotemporal Correlation Analysis for the Incidence of Esophageal and Gastric Cancer From 2010 to 2019: Ecological Study.

Background: Esophageal and gastric cancer were among the top 10 most common cancers worldwide. In addition, sex-specific differences were observed in the incidence. Due to their anatomic proximity, the 2 cancers have both different but also shared risk factors and epidemiological features.

Prospective Investigation Unravels Plasma Proteomic Links to Dementia.

Investigating plasma proteomic signatures of dementia offers insights into its pathology, aids biomarker discovery, supports disease monitoring, and informs drug development. Here, we analyzed data from 48,367 UK Biobank participants with proteomic profiling. Using Cox and generalized linear models, we examined the longitudinal associations between proteomic signatures and dementia-related phenotypes.

Association between red blood cell distribution width and genetic risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a prospective cohort study and Mendelian randomization analysis.

Objective: Elevated red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is associated with increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but the potential interactions of RDW with genetic risk of incident RA remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the associations between RDW, genetics, and the risk of developing RA.

Methods: We analysed data from 145,025 healthy participants at baseline in the UK Biobank.

Shared genetic factors and the interactions with fresh fruit intake contributes to four types squamous cell carcinomas.

Studies have reported risk factors for a single-squamous cell carcinoma(Single-SCCs). However, the shared common germline genetic factors and environmental factors have not been well elucidated with respect to augmented risk of pan-squamous cell carcinoma(Pan-SCCs). By integrating a large-scale genotype data of 1,928 Pan-SCCs cases and 7,712 age- and sex-matched controls in the UK Biobank cohort, as well as multiple transcriptome and protein databases, we conducted a multi-omics analysis.

Attenuated sex-related DNA methylation differences in cancer highlight the magnitude bias mediating existing disparities.

Background: DNA methylation (DNAm) influences both sex differences and cancer development, yet the mechanisms connecting these factors remain unclear.

Methods: Utilizing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of sex-related DNAm effects in nine non-reproductive cancers, compared to paired normal adjacent tissues (NATs), and validated the results using independent datasets. First, we assessed the extent of sex differential DNAm between cancers and NATs to explore how sex-related DNAm differences change in cancerous tissues.

Association between physical activity-related metabolic signature and cardiometabolic diseases and multimorbidity: A cohort study from UK biobank.

Objective: Physical activity has protective effects on cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs), but the role of metabolism related to physical activity in this process is unclear.

Methods: In the prospective cohort study from UK Biobank between 2006 and 2022, participants free of CMDs at baseline were included (n = 73,990). We identified physical activity-related metabolites and constructed metabolic signature using linear regression and elastic net regression.

Changes in Cardiovascular Health, Genetic Risk, and Cardiometabolic Diseases: Evidence From a Large-Scale Cohort Study.

Background: Evidence has firmly established the association between superior cardiovascular health (CVH) and reduced susceptibility to cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs). In reality, CVH experiences dynamic fluctuations throughout individuals' lifespans. However, the association between changes in CVH and the impact on CMDs among individuals with different genetic risks remains unclear.

Trends in mortality from lower respiratory infections in children under 14 years, 1990-2019: An analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Background: Lower respiratory infections (LRIs) remain a leading cause of mortality among children, yet previous studies have primarily focused on children under 5 years of age as a whole, with limited research on more specific age groups. This study aimed to analyze the trends in mortality associated with lower respiratory infections (LRIs) among children under 14 years of age from 1990 to 2019, with particular attention to regional and age-specific disparities.

Methods: We collected annual lower respiratory infection (LRI) deaths and mortality rates for six age groups of children under 14 years from 1990 to 2019 using data from GBD 2019.

Plasma proteomic profiles reveal proteins and three characteristic patterns associated with osteoporosis: A prospective cohort study.

Introduction: Exploration of plasma proteins associated with osteoporosis can offer insights into its pathological development, identify novel biomarkers for screening high-risk populations, and facilitate the discovery of effective therapeutic targets.

Objectives: The present study aimed to identify potential proteins associated with osteoporosis and to explore the underlying mechanisms from a proteomic perspective.

Methods: The study included 42,325 participants without osteoporosis in the UK Biobank (UKB), of whom 1,477 developed osteoporosis during the follow-up.

Plasma proteomics-based organ-specific aging for all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality: a prospective cohort study.

Individual's aging rates vary across organs. However, there are few methods for assessing aging at organ levels and whether they contribute differently to mortalities remains unknown. We analyzed data from 45,821 adults in the UK Biobank, using plasma proteomics and machine learning to estimate biological ages for 12 major organs.

Mendelian randomization study on simvastatin and gastric cancer: exploring the therapeutic potential of statins in oncology.

Background: Gastric cancer ranks as the fifth most prevalent cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, Statins, renowned for their cholesterol-lowering effects, have garnered interest for their potential roles in cancer prevention and treatment due to their pleiotropic effects, such as anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aims to investigate the therapeutic potential of simvastatin, a widely prescribed statin, in the context of gastric cancer using Mendelian randomization (MR) to explore a possible causal relationship between simvastatin use and gastric cancer risk.

Methods: We conducted a two-sample MR analysis utilizing summary statistics from genome-wide association studies (GWAS).

Point-based risk score for the risk stratification and prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma: a population-based random survival forest modeling study.

Background: The precise associations between common clinical biomarkers and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk remain unclear but hold valuable insights for HCC risk stratification and prediction.

Methods: We examined the linear and nonlinear associations between the baseline levels of 32 circulating biomarkers and HCC risk in the England cohort of UK Biobank (UKBB) (n = 397,702). The participants were enrolled between 2006 and 2010 and followed up to 31st October 2022.

Impact of accelerated biological aging and genetic variation on esophageal adenocarcinoma: Joint and interaction effect in a prospective cohort.

Accelerated biological aging may be associated with increased risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). However, its relationship with genetic variation, and its effect on improving risk population stratification, remains unknown. We performed an exposome association study to determine potential associated factors associated with EAC.

Quantitative gait markers and the TUG time in chronic kidney disease.

Background: Poor gait performance results in more fall incidents among people with chronic kidney disease (CKD). It is unknown what specific quantitative gait markers contribute to high fall risk in CKD and the size of their mediation effects.

Methods: We included 634 participants from the Taizhou Imaging Study who had complete gait and laboratory data.