Beyond Moiré with Spatial Frequency Mastery via δ-Function Expansion Metasurface.

Mastering spatial frequency manipulation within momentum space is pivotal yet challenging, particularly in mitigating moiré patterns that significantly impair image quality across diverse applications. Conventional methods often require trade-offs in spatial resolution or fall short of completely eradicating unwanted frequencies, further burdened by complex post-processing demands. In this work, a novel coherent δ-function expansion technique implemented through an all-silicon metasurface, affording unparalleled synergistic control over arbitrarily selected spatial frequencies via refined k-space amplitude and phase modulations is introduced.

Exploring 1T/2H MoS quantum dots modified 2D CoP nanosheets for efficient electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction.

The exploration of multiphases and 0D/2D heterojunction in transition metal phosphides (TMPs) and transition metal sulfides (TMDs) is of major interest for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Herein, a novel combination route where 0D mixed-phased 1T/2H molybdenum sulfide quantum dots (MoS QDs) are uniformly anchored on the 2D CoP nanosheets is developed. MoS QDs and CoP were prepared via hydrothermal method and mixed with different ratios (Mo:Co ratios of 2:1, 1:1, and 1:2) and annealed under different temperatures to modulate their application in acidic HER processes.

Ultra-Fast Synthesis of Highly Dispersed Pt Nanoclusters Anchored on Sulfur-Doped Porous Carbon Carriers by Nanosecond Pulsed Laser for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction.

Nanosecond pulsed laser irradiation is employed for synthesis of highly active and stable Pt-based electrocatalysts by anchoring Pt nanoclusters on porous sulfur-doped carbon supports (L-Pt/SC). Strong metal-support interaction (SMSI) between Pt and S induces a local charge rearrangement and modulates the electronic structure of Pt surroundings, thus boosting the reaction kinetics and enhancing stability in long-term hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The L-Pt/SC catalyst exhibits high activity toward HER, with an overpotential of 23 mV at current densities reaching 10 mA cm and a Tafel slope of 24 mV dec.

Unlocking ultra-high holographic information capacity through nonorthogonal polarization multiplexing.

Contemporary studies in polarization multiplexing are hindered by the intrinsic orthogonality constraints of polarization states, which restrict the scope of multiplexing channels and their practical applications. This research transcends these barriers by introducing an innovative nonorthogonal polarization-basis multiplexing approach. Utilizing spatially varied eigen-polarization states within metaatoms, we successfully reconstruct globally nonorthogonal channels that exhibit minimal crosstalk.

Modulating porous silicon-carbon anode stability: Carbon/silicon carbide semipermeable layer mitigates silicon-fluorine reaction and enhances lithium-ion transport.

Silicon-based material is regarded as one of the most promising anodes for next-generation high-performance lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to its high theoretical capacity and low cost. Harnessing silicon carbide's robustness, we designed a novel porous silicon with a sandwich structure of carbon/silicon carbide/Ag-modified porous silicon (Ag-PSi@SiC@C). Different from the conventional SiC interface characterized by a frail connection, a robust dual covalent bond configuration, dependent on SiC and SiOC, has been successfully established.

Effects of circulating inflammatory proteins on osteoporosis and fractures: evidence from genetic correlation and Mendelian randomization study.

Objective: There is a controversy in studies of circulating inflammatory proteins (CIPs) in association with osteoporosis (OP) and fractures, and it is unclear if these two conditions are causally related. This study used MR analyses to investigate the causal associations between 91 CIPs and OP and 9 types of fractures.

Methods: Genetic variants data for CIPs, OP, and fractures were obtained from the publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWAS) database.

A 43.5dB Gain Unipolar a-IGZO TFT Amplifier with Parallel Bootstrap Capacitor for Bio-signals Sensing Applications.

In this paper, a high gain amplifier with phase compensation loop is presented. A structure of parallel gate cross-coupled transistors to both ends of differential pair drain and source is designed to improves the load impedance, which obtains sufficient gain and further reduces power consumption. A novel capacitor bootstrap load circuit is proposed.

Biomechanical evaluation of different oblique lumbar interbody fusion constructs: a finite element analysis.

Background: Finite element analysis (FEA) was performed to investigate the biomechanical differences between different adjunct fixation methods for oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) and to further analyze its effect on adjacent segmental degeneration.

Methods: We built a single-segment (Si-segment) finite element model (FEM) for L4-5 and a double-segment (Do-segment) FEM for L3-5. Each complete FEM was supplemented and modified, and both developed two surgical models of OLIF with assisted internal fixation.

Long noncoding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 5 facilitates neuropathic pain in spinal nerve injury by promoting SCN9A expression via CDK9.

This study aims to explore the functions and mechanisms of long noncoding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 5 (SNHG5) in chronic constriction injury (CCI)-induced neuropathic pain (NP). An NP rat model was established using the CCI method and the NP severity was evaluated by paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) and paw withdrawal latency (PWL). The expression of SNHG5, CDK9, and SCN9A was quantified in rat dorsal root ganglion, in addition to the detections of apoptosis, pathological changes, neuron number, and the co-localization of Nav1.

microRNA-143 targets SIRT2 to mediate the histone acetylation of PLAUR and modulates functions of astrocytes in spinal cord injury.

This study aimed to explore effects of microRNA (miR)-143 on the proliferation, apoptosis, and cytokine secretion in astrocytes after spinal cord injury (SCI). After gain- and loss-of-function assays and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β stimulation in astrocytes, the cell viability, proliferation, and apoptosis were examined. The expression of miR-143, SIRT2, and PLAUR and levels of astrocyte-related glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), Vimentin, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG), and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) were also measured.

DOT1L decelerates the development of osteoporosis by inhibiting SRSF1 transcriptional activity via microRNA-181-mediated KAT2B inhibition.

Objective: Our study explored the function of DOT1L in osteoporosis (OP) via the microRNA (miR)-181/KAT2B/SRSF1 axis.

Methods: Osteoclast (OC) number was evaluated via TRAP staining, and serum CTXI, PINP, and ALP contents were tested by ELISA. Following identification of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), OC differentiation was induced by M-CSF and RANKL, followed by the detection of OC differentiation and the expression of bone resorption-related genes, DOT1L, miR-181, KAT2B, and SRSF1.

Yttrium-modified drinking water treatment residue for efficient phosphorus removal: efficacy, mechanism, and reproducibility.

The excessive presence of phosphate can cause eutrophication in water bodies. Yttrium has an extremely high affinity for phosphorus and is capable of forming stable complexes at low concentrations. Moreover, limitations in the resourcefulness of drinking water treatment residues were observed.

Effect of body mass index (BMI) on image contrast in the hepatobiliary phase of Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced-MRI and the feasibility of the application of half-dose Gd-EOB-DTPA to hepatobiliary phase imaging in patients with a BMI less than 24: a comparative study.

Background: Gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine-pentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can detect more lesions through the image contrast of hepatobiliary phase. Body mass index (BMI) reflects the composition ratio of human tissue, which is an influencing factor of magnetic resonance image contrast. Meanwhile, Gd-EOB-DTPA is recommended to use the minimum dose when the diagnosis demands could be met.

EGR1 mediates METTL3/mA/CHI3L1 to promote osteoclastogenesis in osteoporosis.

Objective: To investigate EGR1-mediated METTL3/m6A/CHI3L1 axis in osteoporosis.

Methods: Ovariectomy (OVX) was performed on mice to induce osteoporosis, followed by μ-CT scanning of femurs, histological staining, immunohistochemistry analysis of MMP9 and NFATc1, and ELISA of serum BGP, ALP, Ca, and CTXI. The isolated mouse bone marrow mononuclear macrophages (BMMs) were differentiated into osteoclasts under cytokine stimulation.

Overexpression of SENP3 promotes PPAR-γ transcription through the increase of HIF-1α stability via SUMO2/3 and participates in molecular mechanisms of osteoporosis.

Patients with type II diabetes are exposed to a high risk of osteoporosis. The present study sought to exploit the detailed mechanisms of the SENP3/HIF-1α/PPAR-γ axis in osteoporosis. A rat model of type II diabetic osteoporosis was established, followed by the isolation of bone marrow mononuclear macrophages (BMMs).

Continuous-Spectrum-Polarization Recombinant Optical Encryption with a Dielectric Metasurface.

The Jones matrix, with eight degrees of freedom (DoFs), provides a general mathematical framework for the multifunctional design of metasurfaces. Theoretically, the maximum eight DoFs can be further extended in the spectrum dimension to endow unique encryption capabilities. However, the topology and intrinsic spectral responses of meta-atoms constrains the continuous engineering of polarization evolution over wavelength dimension.

USP7 regulates HMOX-1 via deubiquitination to suppress ferroptosis and ameliorate spinal cord injury in rats.

Heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX-1) is overexpressed in spinal cord injury (SCI) and relevant to ferroptosis. Ubiquitin-specific-processing protease 7 (USP7) has unveiled its role in regulating HMOX-1 stabilization while its function in SCI remains unknown. This study is to explore the potential molecular mechanism of the USP7-HMOX-1 axis in ferroptosis in a SCI rat model.

The RNA Binding Protein HuR Promotes Neuronal Apoptosis in Rats with Spinal Cord Injury via the HDAC1/RAD21 Axis.

The current research aims to study the regulation of the RNA binding protein HuR on neuronal apoptosis during spinal cord injury (SCI) and its underlying mechanism. SCI rat models were injected with HuR shRNA and/or pcDNA3.1-RAD21, followed by the evaluation of motor function, the degree of SCI, the expression of HuR and RAD21, and neuronal-like apoptosis.

Polychromatic full-polarization control in mid-infrared light.

Objects with different shapes, materials and temperatures can emit distinct polarizations and spectral information in mid-infrared band, which provides a unique signature in the transparent window for object identification. However, the crosstalk among various polarization and wavelength channels prevents from accurate mid-infrared detections at high signal-to-noise ratio. Here, we report full-polarization metasurfaces to break the inherent eigen-polarization constraint over the wavelengths in mid-infrared.

Upregulation of UBR1 m6A Methylation by METTL14 Inhibits Autophagy in Spinal Cord Injury.

Gene Expression Omnibus database shows significantly downregulated expression of ubiquitin protein ligase E3 component N-recognin 1 (UBR1) in spinal cord injury (SCI). In this study, we investigated the mechanism of action of UBR1 in SCI. Following the establishment of SCI models in rats and PC12 cells, Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) score and hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and Nissl staining were used to evaluate SCI.

Suberoylanilide Hydroxamic Acid Ameliorates Pain Sensitization in Central Neuropathic Pain After Spinal Cord Injury via the HDAC5/NEDD4/SCN9A Axis.

Pain sensitization in spinal cord injury (SCI)-induced central neuropathic pain has been a research target. Additionally, suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) has been reported to protect against pain hypersensitivity in central neuropathic pain. Hence, this research probed the impact of SAHA on pain sensitization in central neuropathic pain after SCI via the HDAC5/NEDD4/SCN9A axis.

Myricetin alleviated hydrogen peroxide-induced cellular senescence of nucleus pulposus cell through regulating SERPINE1.

Background: Myricetin (MYR) is a common plant flavonoid with antioxidant and anticancer properties. However, the anti-aging effect of MYR on nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) is still unknown. The study aimed to explore the effect of MYR on the senescence of NPCs.

Electroconvulsive therapy-induced neuroimaging alterations measured by cerebral blood flow in adolescents with major depressive disorder.

Background: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a novel treatment strategy for adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, its related neurobiological changes associated with ECT remain undetermined.

Objective: To elucidate the impact of ECT on the regional cerebral blood flow (CBF), and to identify alterations in the CBF associated with clinical outcomes in adolescents with MDD.

A Delay-Cell-Controlled VCO Design for Unipolar Single-Gate Enhancement-Mode TFT Technologies.

This work outperforms the previous literatures by proposing a delay-cell-controlled voltage control oscillator (VCO) design for common unipolar, single-gate, and enhancement-mode thin-film transistor (TFT) technologies. A design example with InZnO TFTs is simulated to verify the proposed design. The design example has a 500 μW power consumption, 0.

METTL14 alleviates the development of osteoporosis in ovariectomized mice by upregulating mA level of SIRT1 mRNA.

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether METTL14 participated in ovariectomized (OVX)-induced osteoporosis (OP) in mice by regulating the mA level of SIRT1 mRNA. OVX was performed on mice to induce OP, and mouse bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and bone marrow mononuclear macrophages (BMMs) were isolated to induce osteoblast differentiation and osteoclast differentiation, respectively. The morphology of bone trabeculae was evaluated under a micro-CT scanner.