Examining the influence of port ship activities on pollutant emissions in port environments.

There is a direct and close relationship between ship emissions in port waters and the operational status of the ships. Precisely identifying the operational status of ships in port waters and thoroughly exploring the specific relationship between these activities and ship emissions is crucial for achieving accurate control and scientific reduction of emissions from ships in port areas. With advancements in technology, AIS data can accurately capture the operational status of ships, facilitating a macro-level analysis of ship behavior and emission characteristics.

Total Synthesis of (±)-Clivonine via Diels-Alder Reactions of 3,5-Dibromo-2-pyrone.

New synthetic routes to (±)-clivonine were devised starting with the Diels-Alder cycloadditions of 3,5-dibromo-2-pyrone with styrene pinacol boronate dienophiles. In the first-generation synthesis, the pivotal perhydroindoline system including the C5-hydroxyl group was constructed via a reaction sequence involving the Eschenmoser-Claisen rearrangement and regio/stereoselective epoxide opening reaction. In the second-generation synthesis, a radical-mediated cyclization approach was employed for the rapid assembly of the pyrrolidine ring.