Frequency and risk factors of contrast media extravasation in 378,082 intravenous contrast-enhanced CT scans.

Purpose: To determine the occurrence and risk factors of contrast media extravasation (CME) during contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT).

Methods: This is an observational retrospective study. 378,082 cases who underwent CECT scans between January 2017 and December 2023 were initially included.

Heavy metals pollution and the associated ecological risks along the Luanhe River basin in North China.

Luanhe River is one of the important parts in Northern China hydrographic nets, which has been seriously impacted by industrialization. However, the heavy metal pollution caused by the production activities across the basin remains poorly understood, which may pose health risks to local residents. The study aims to address this gap by focusing on heavy metal pollution in sediments from 41 sampling sites along the Luanhe River basin evaluating the potential ecological risks.

Tailoring the Mechanical Properties of Polymer/Nanorod Nanocomposites through Polymer Functionalization.

The rational design of polymers to improve nanorod dispersion and strengthen polymer-nanorod interfacial interactions is crucial for designing nanorod-filled polymer nanocomposites (PNCs). Herein, using coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations, we studied the effect of polymer chain functionalization on the dispersion state of nanorods, the diffusion/relaxation of polymer matrix chains, and the mechanical properties of the corresponding PNCs. The simulation results showed that the nanorod dispersion state could be adjusted by functionalizing the polymer chain.

Metabolism of arginine in juvenile largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) after oral or intraperitoneal administration of arginine or its substrates.

The main objective of this experiment was to study the metabolism of arginine in juvenile largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). A total of 300 healthy fish (average weight of 25 ± 0.5 g) were randomly assigned to ten groups.

A PTT-Induced Feed-Back Carbon Nanosystem for Enhanced Breast Cancer Therapy by Extracellular Matrix Remodeling.

In the treatment of breast cancer, the dense extracellular matrix (ECM) severely impedes drug delivery and immune cell infiltration, resulting in poor therapeutic effects. Photothermal therapy (PTT) has achieved promise in preclinical breast cancer studies. However, in tumor immunogenic cell death (ICD) induced by PTT, immune cells are almost confined around the tumor periphery due to the ECM, which weakens the immune response.

Individual and combined effects of dietary vitamin intake on cognitive function in elderly adults: the potential mediating role of serum neurofilament light chain levels.

Background: Vitamins are essential micronutrients for the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the association between dietary vitamin intake and cognitive function in elderly adults and to explore the potential impact of serum neurofilament light chain (NfL) concentration.

Methods: Data from 468 elderly individuals, including information on the dietary consumption of 10 vitamins, were used.

Effects of xanthan gum and psyllium husk powder with different ratios on the emulsification and oxidative stability of low-salt myofibrillar protein emulsions prepared by ultrasound.

The influence of xanthan gum (XG) and psyllium husk powder (PHP) at different ratios on the emulsification and oxidative stability of myofibrillar protein (MP) emulsions were studied under the low-salt conditions. The results showed that, in comparison to the emulsions added with XG or PHP alone and the control, the MP emulsions supplemented with the mixture of XG and PHP manifested higher apparent viscosity and Zeta potential, while having lower oil droplet size. Therefore, the emulsions containing XG and PHP mixtures showed the best creaming stability.

Association between methylmalonic acid and prevalence of depression in US adults: evidence from NHANES 2011-2014.

: Depression is a prevalent mental disorder with high morbidity and mortality globally. Methylmalonic acid (MMA) is involved in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases. However, it is unclear whether there is an association between MMA and the prevalence of depression.

Study-level cross-modal retrieval of chest x-ray images and reports with adapter-based fine-tuning.

Cross-modal retrieval is crucial for improving clinical decision-making and report generation. However, current technologies mainly focus on linking single images with reports, ignoring the need to comprehensively observe multiple images in real clinical environments. Additionally, differences in imaging equipment, scanning parameters, geographic regions, and reporting styles in chest x-rays and reports cause inconsistent data distributions, which challenge model reliability and generalization.

[Topic study on smoking cessation motivation and relapse triggers of hypertensive patients in the community based on the bi-term topic model].

Objective: To explore the motivations for quitting smoking and the factors leading to relapse among smokers who have quit.

Methods: Data from 156 valid interviews with hypertensive smokers who quit smoking, collected at community health service centers in Beibei District, Chongqing, in 2021, were analyzed. Demographic characteristics of the participants were described.

Recent Advances in Food Safety Detection: Split Aptamer-Based Biosensors Development and Potential Applications.

Ensuring food safety is a shared responsibility across the entire food supply chain, encompassing manufacturers, processors, retailers, consumers, and regulatory bodies. However, traditional detection methods have several limitations, including slow processing times, high costs, limited sensitivity, and susceptibility to false positives or negatives. These shortcomings underscore the urgent need for faster, more accurate, and cost-effective detection technologies.

Long-Term Energy Consumption Minimization Based on UAV Joint Content Fetching and Trajectory Design.

Caching the contents of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) could significantly improve the content fetching performance of request users (RUs). In this paper, we study UAV trajectory design, content fetching, power allocation, and content placement problems in multi-UAV-aided networks, where multiple UAVs can transmit contents to the assigned RUs. To minimize the energy consumption of the system, we develop a constrained optimization problem that simultaneously designs UAV trajectory, power allocation, content fetching, and content placement.

Risk Assessment of Global Animal Melioidosis Under Current and Future Climate Scenarios.

Melioidosis is a zoonotic disease that is caused by , which is a serious public health and safety risk. In order to explore the global animal melioidosis risk distribution and its dynamic response to future climate scenarios, we collected global data about reported animal incidence sites. Data regarding the density of in the environment were created by collecting and sorting information about the occurrence sites in contaminated air, soil, and water.

Rice Quality and Yield Prediction Based on Multi-Source Indicators at Different Periods.

This study aims to develop an effective and reliable method for estimating rice quality indices and yield, addressing the growing need for rapid, non-destructive, and accurate predictions in modern agriculture. Field experiments were conducted in 2018 at the Suiling Water Conservancy Comprehensive Experimental Station (47°27' N, 127°06' E), using Longqingdao 3 as the test variety. Measurements included the leaf area index (LAI), chlorophyll content (SPAD), leaf nitrogen content (LNC), and leaf spectral reflectance during the tillering, jointing, and maturity stages.

A Study on the Iodine Vapor Adsorption Performance and Desorption Behavior of HKUST-1 with Varying Particle Sizes.

Iodine is one of the key elements that must be removed from the off-gas systems of nuclear fuel reprocessing. This study systematically investigates the iodine vapor adsorption performance of the metal-organic framework (MOF) material HKUST-1(1-(2-methyl-4-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)phenyl)-3-morpholino-5,6-dihydropyridin-2(1H)-one), with particle sizes of 100 nm and 20 μm. HKUST-1 samples with varying particle sizes were synthesized via a hydrothermal method.

Constructing Photoactive Au NP/MXene-BiOCl Moiré Superlattice Nanosheets for Photoelectrochemical Detection of Protein Kinase Activity.

A novel photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensor was proposed by preparing Au NP/MXene-BiOCl Moiré superlattice nanosheets as the probes. Upon irradiation with visible light, the probe exhibited excellent electrical conductivity as well as high photoelectric conversion efficiency. Benefitting from the excellent PEC property of the hybrid probe, sensitive and accurate detection of protein kinase activity was demonstrated with a limit of detection of 0.

Effect of Interfacial Compatibility on Mechanical Property of Polyamide 6 Modified by Polyborosiloxane.

The interfacial properties of blends play a crucial role in determining the mechanical characteristics of polyamide alloys. This study focused on the preparation of PA6/PBS alloys via a melt blending method, utilizing 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550) as the compatibilizer to examine the impact of KH550 on the interfacial and mechanical properties of these binary blends. The results demonstrated that the amino groups in KH550 reacted with the terminal carboxyl groups in polyamide 6 (PA6) and the B-OH in polyborosiloxane (PBS), which significantly enhanced interfacial adhesion between the two phases.

Experimental Investigation on the Electrical Properties of DPPT-TT Polymer Field-Effect Transistors Featuring Stair Gate Dielectric.

P-type polymer field-effect transistors (PFETs) achieve wide applications due to their environmental compatibility and inherent flexibility. However, the dielectric in PFETs presents a vulnerability that restricts the development of the advancement of p-type power devices and power integrated circuits with high voltage in power devices. In this work, we provide a novel method that employs p-type polymer DPPT-TT high-voltage PFETs with a stair gate dielectric structure (SGD) at both the source and drain sides.

Engineering Nonvolatile Polarization in 2D α-InSe/α-GaSe Ferroelectric Junctions.

The advent of two-dimensional (2D) ferroelectrics offers a new paradigm for device miniaturization and multifunctionality. Recently, 2D α-InSe and related III-VI compound ferroelectrics manifest room-temperature ferroelectricity and exhibit reversible spontaneous polarization even at the monolayer limit. Here, we employ first-principles calculations to investigate group-III selenide van der Waals (vdW) heterojunctions built up by 2D α-InSe and α-GaSe ferroelectric (FE) semiconductors, including structural stability, electrostatic potential, interfacial charge transfer, and electronic band structures.

Aberrant expression of collagen type X in solid tumor stroma is associated with EMT, immunosuppressive and pro-metastatic pathways, bone marrow stromal cell signatures, and poor survival prognosis.

Background: Collagen type X (ColXα1, encoded by COL10A1) is expressed specifically in the cartilage-to-bone transition, in bone marrow cells, and in osteoarthritic (OA) cartilage. We have previously shown that ColXα1 is expressed in breast tumor stroma, correlates with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, and predicts poor adjuvant therapy outcomes in ER/HER2 breast cancer. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms for these effects are unknown.

Prediction models for treatment response in migraine: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Migraine is a complex neurological disorder with significant clinical variability, posing challenges for effective management. Multiple treatments are available for migraine, but individual responses vary widely, making accurate prediction crucial for personalized care. This study aims to examine the use of statistical and machine learning models to predict treatment response in migraine patients.

National trends in operative approach to esophagectomy: utilization rates, outcomes, and overall survival.

Background: Although open esophagectomies (OE) have traditionally been favored, minimally invasive approaches are increasingly utilized and associated with improved outcomes. We investigated the adoption rates of robotic-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy (RAMIE) and minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) compared with OE. Utilization rates by surgical approach, post-operative outcomes, and overall survival were analyzed.

Risk of serum circulating environmental chemical residues to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a nested case-control metabolome-wide association study.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the primary histological subtype of esophageal carcinoma, yet research on environmental exposure risks and associated metabolic alterations preceding ESCC is limited. In a nested case-control cohort of 396 adults (199 diagnosed with ESCC and 197 healthy controls (HC)), we combined exposomics and metabolomics to assess circulating chemical residues and early serum metabolic changes linked to ESCC risk. A cell experiment further evaluated the proliferative impact of 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (6:2 FTS), identifying it as a risk factor for ESCC, primarily through lipid metabolism-related chronic inflammation.

Novel 2D/3D vascular biomarkers reveal association between fundus changes and coronary heart disease.

Purpose: To compare structural and vascular differences in the macular region of the retina using optical coherence tomography (OCT)/OCT angiography (OCTA) between coronary angiography (CAG)-confirmed coronary heart disease (CHD) patients and non-CHD individuals.

Methods: The study included 340 eyes from 180 CHD patients and 136 eyes from 68 controls. Imaging was conducted using the AngioVue OCT device with a macula-centered 6 mm ∗ 6 mm field of view.

A capillary-based microfluidic chip prepared via multiple coating and used for a multiplex immunoassay.

Point-of-care testing (POCT) is a fast, simple and portable procedure that is capable of multiplexed real-time detection. Microfluidic chips have emerged as an extremely promising pathway for POCT owing to their revolutionary improvements in integration and portability. However, traditional microfluidic chips still have many disadvantages, such as high costs and technical barriers for fabrication, which are incompatible with batch production and limit their development in the field of POCT.