Understanding the protein conformation transition within polymer hydrogels using a near-infrared water spectroscopy probe.

For understanding the behavior of the active substance in vivo, the near-infrared (NIR) spectral variations of ovalbumin (OVA) loaded in poly(N, N-dimethyl acrylamide) (PDMAA) hydrogel with temperature were investigated. Analyzing the spectra with improved resolution by continuous wavelet transform (CWT), the absorption variation of the peak at 4851 cm arising from the α-helix of OVA with temperature was studied. The results show that a sharp decrease occurs at a lower temperature in PDMAA hydrogel, indicating that the unfolding of OVA in PDMAA hydrogel is facilitated.

Genetically-encoded markers for confocal visualization of single dense core vesicles.

Neuronal dense core vesicles (DCVs) store and release a diverse array of neuromodulators, trophic factors and bioamines. The analysis of single DCVs has largely been possible only using electron microscopy, which makes understanding cargo segregation and DCV heterogeneity difficult. To address these limitations, we developed genetically-encoded markers for DCVs that can be used in combination with standard immunohistochemistry and expansion microscopy, to enable single-vesicle resolution with confocal microscopy.

Combination therapy of dexamethasone, rituximab, and cyclosporine for adults with primary immune thrombocytopenia: a prospective observational study.

Background: To assess the effectiveness of the combination of dexamethasone, rituximab, and cyclosporine in treating adults with primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP).

Research Design And Methods: This prospective study enrolled consecutive adult patients diagnosed with ITP at the 967th Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Joint Service Support Force Hospital between November 2019 and February 2023.

Results: Twenty-eight patients (13 males, median age 43.

Cepharanthine-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress inhibits Notch1 via binding GRP78 for suppressing hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis.

Background: The metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) leads to a poor prognosis, wherein the activation of Notch1 is an essential contributor. Cepharanthine (Cep) has been identified for its effective antiviral function and versatile intracellular targets. Our previous study has only reported the anti-cancer efficacy of Cep in lung cancer, without an in-depth exploration.

Genetically-encoded markers for confocal visualization of single dense core vesicles.

Neuronal dense core vesicles (DCVs) store and release a diverse array of neuromodulators, trophic factors and bioamines. The analysis of single DCVs has largely been possible only using electron microscopy, which makes understanding cargo segregation and DCV heterogeneity difficult. To address these limitations, we developed genetically-encoded markers for DCVs that can be used in combination with standard immunohistochemistry and expansion microscopy, to enable single-vesicle resolution with confocal microscopy.

Forkhead box O-1 regulates the biological behavior of BMP-2-induced human bone mesenchymal stem cells through mitochondrial dynamics and autophagy.

This study explored the mechanism by which forkhead box O-1 (FoxO1) modulates the biological behaviors of bone mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC). Human BMSCs were cultured for 7 days in DMEM containing bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and treated with a short hairpin-FoxO1 plasmid. The study assessed cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels, mitochondrial DNA levels, membrane potential, autophagy, and the levels of FoxO1, apoptosis-associated proteins, osteogenic differentiation-associated proteins, mitochondrial fusion and fission proteins and mitochondrial autophagy-related proteins.

affects myocardial function through TGF-β/Smad axis and pirfenidone.

Cardiac arrhythmias are often linked to the overactivity of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs). Investigating the impact of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 9 (PARP9) on Angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced fibroblast activation and the therapeutic effects of pirfenidone (PFD) offers valuable insights into cardiac arrhythmias. This study utilized weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), differential gene expression (DEG) analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI), and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis on the GSE42955 dataset to identify the hub gene with a significant diagnostic value.

Realgar-indigo naturalis formula for the treatment of patients with relapsed and arsenic trioxide-resistant acute promyelocytic leukemia: A case series.

Introduction: There is currently no standard treatment for relapsed and arsenic trioxide (ATO)-resistant acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Here, we report a case series of realgar-indigo naturalis formula (RIF) for the successful treatment of patients with relapsed and ATO-resistant APL.

Case Presentation: Two patients in the first relapse and one in the second relapse failed to achieve hematologic complete remission (HCR) when reinduced by ATO; the other five patients progressed to relapse during ATO-based regimens for post-remission therapy.

Modulating the Active Sites of VS by Mn Doping for Highly Selective CO Electroreduction to Methanol in a Flow Cell.

Methanol is a valuable liquid C product in CO electroreduction (COER); however, it is hard to achieve high selectivity and a large current density simultaneously. In this work, we construct Mn-doped VS multilayer nanowafers applied in a flow cell to yield methanol as a single liquid product to tackle this challenge. Mn doping adjusts the electronic structure of VS and concurrently introduces sulfur vacancies, forming a critical *CO intermediate and facilitating its sequential hydrogenation to methanol.

Future avenues in mushroom body research.

How does the brain translate sensory information into complex behaviors? With relatively small neuronal numbers, readable behavioral outputs, and an unparalleled genetic toolkit, the mushroom body (MB) offers an excellent model to address this question in the context of associative learning and memory. Recent technological breakthroughs, such as the freshly completed full-brain connectome, multiomics approaches, CRISPR-mediated gene editing, and machine learning techniques, led to major advancements in our understanding of the MB circuit at the molecular, structural, physiological, and functional levels. Despite significant progress in individual MB areas, the field still faces the fundamental challenge of resolving how these different levels combine and interact to ultimately control the behavior of an individual fly.

Exosomes regulate doxorubicin resistance in breast cancer via miR-34a-5p/NOTCH1.

Breast cancer (BRCA) is the most common cancer among women. Adriamycin (ADR), also known as doxorubicin (Dox), is a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent for BRCA patients, however, the susceptibility of tumor cells to develop resistance to Dox has severely limited its clinical use. One new promising therapeutic target for breast cancer patients is exosomes.

Dihydroartemisinin-driven selective anti-lung cancer proliferation by binding to EGFR and inhibition of NRAS signaling pathway-induced DNA damage.

Chemotherapeutic agents can inhibit the proliferation of malignant cells due to their cytotoxicity, which is limited by collateral damage. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA), has a selective anti-cancer effect, whose target and mechanism remain uncovered. The present work aims to examine the selective inhibitory effect of DHA as well as the mechanisms involved.

Dihydroartemisinin-driven TOM70 inhibition leads to mitochondrial destabilization to induce pyroptosis against lung cancer.

Enhancement of malignant cell immunogenicity to relieve immunosuppression of lung cancer microenvironment is essential in lung cancer treatment. In previous study, we have demonstrated that dihydroartemisinin (DHA), a kind of phytopharmaceutical, is effective in inhibiting lung cancer cells and boosting their immunogenicity, while the initial target of DHA's intracellular action is poorly understood. The present in-depth analysis aims to reveal the influence of DHA on the highly expressed TOM70 in the mitochondrial membrane of lung cancer.

Dietary Flavonoid Quercetin Supplement Promotes Antiviral Innate Responses Against Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Infection by Reshaping the Bacteriome and Host Metabolome in Mice.

Scope: Active ingredients in functional foods exhibit broad-spectrum antiviral activity. The objective of this study is to investigate the protective effect of quercetin derived from bee propolis, a natural product with antiviral activity and modulating effects on the gut microbiota, against vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) infection.

Methods And Results: Through a cellular-based study, this study demonstrates that quercetin can modulate the activity of interferon-regulating factor 3 (IRF3).

Constructing a 3D Ion Transport Channel-Based CNF Composite Film with an Intercalated Structure for Superior Performance Flexible Supercapacitors.

The weak stiffness, huge thickness, and low specific capacitance of commonly utilized flexible supercapacitors hinder their great electrochemical performance. Learning from a biomimetic interface strategy, we design flexible film electrodes based on functional intercalated structures with excellent electrochemical properties and mechanical flexibility. A composite film with high strength and flexibility is created using graphene (reduced graphene oxide (rGO)) as the plane layer, layered double metal hydroxide (LDH) as the support layer, and cellulose nanofiber (CNF) as the connection agent and flexible agent.

Delving into the link between employee proactivity and knowledge sharing: A multilevel mediated moderation investigation.

This study examines why and when proactive employees share knowledge. By integrating the Motivation-Opportunity-Ability Framework and Trait Activation Theory, and incorporating Mindsponge Theory, our multi-level model proposed that job autonomy moderates the impact of proactive personality on knowledge sharing (KS) within and between teams. Transformational leadership exhibits a cross-level effect on job autonomy.

Effects and mechanisms of endocrine disruptor bisphenol AF on male reproductive health: A mini review.

Bisphenol AF (BPAF), an analogue of bisphenol A (BPA), is commonly found in manufacturing industries and known for its endocrine-disrupting properties. Despite potential similarities in adverse effects with BPA, limited toxicological data exist specifically for BPAF and its impact on male reproductive physiology. This mini-review aims to elucidate the influence of BPAF on the male reproductive system, focusing on estrogenic effects, effects on the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad (HPG) axis, steroidogenesis, spermatogenesis, and transgenerational reproductive toxicity.

Adjuvant chemotherapy and survival outcomes in older women with HR+/HER2- breast cancer: a propensity score-matched retrospective cohort study using the SEER database.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the impact of adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) on survival outcomes in older women with hormone receptor-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HR+/HER2-) breast cancer (BC).

Design: A retrospective cohort study using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database, which contains publicly available information from US cancer registries.

Setting And Participants: The study included 45 762 older patients with BC aged over 65 years diagnosed between 2010 and 2015.

PI3K/AKT mediated De novo fatty acid synthesis regulates RIG-1/MDA-5-dependent type I IFN responses in BVDV-infected CD8T cells.

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) has caused massive economic losses in the cattle business worldwide. Fatty acid synthase (FASN), a key enzyme of the fatty acid synthesis (FAS) pathway, has been shown to support virus replication. To investigate the role of fatty acids (FAs) in BVDV infection, we infected CD8T lymphocytes obtained from healthy cattle with BVDV in vitro.

Blockade of BTLA alone or in combination with PD-1 restores the activation and proliferation of CD8 T cells during in vitro infection with NCP BVDV.

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infection can result in typical peripheral blood lymphopenia and immune dysfunction. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the onset of lymphopenia remains unclear. B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA) is a novel immune checkpoint molecule that primarily inhibits activation and proliferation of T cells.

Indocyanine green-loaded platelet activated by photodynamic and photothermal effects for selective control of wound repair.

Objective: Prompt and effective wound repair is an essential strategy to promote recovery and prevent infection in patients with various types of trauma. Platelets can release a variety of growth factors upon activation to facilitate revascularization and tissue repair, provided that their activation is uncontrollable. The present study is designed to explore the selective activation of platelets by photodynamic and photothermal effects (PDE/PTE) as well as the trauma repair mediated by PDE/PTE.