Influence of depression trajectories in heart failure patients with preserved ejection fractions: a secondary analysis of adverse outcomes in the TOPCAT trial.

Background: Long-term patterns of depressive symptoms among patients with heart failure, specifically those with a preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), and their relationship with prognoses are not well studied.

Methods: This analysis included 609 participants from the TOPCAT (Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure with an Aldosterone Antagonist) trial. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) at baseline and at 1-year, 2-year and 3-year intervals.

Constructing Biomimetic Channels in Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Framework via Post-Synthesis for Enhanced Proton Conductivity.

Proton transport channels in biological systems are constructed by the specific amino acid residues with hanging carboxylic acid groups acting as proton donors and acceptors, enabling rapid proton conduction via the Grotthuss mechanism. Hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) are promising candidates for artificially simulating proton channels due to their designable structure and abundant proton sources in the network. However, these protons were usually immobilized within hydrogen bonds between two building blocks, which require a high energy barrier for initiating proton transport.

Hesperetin induces apoptosis in lung squamous carcinoma cells via G/M cycle arrest, inhibition of the Notch1 pathway and activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Hesperetin (HST), a natural flavonoid, has potent antitumor effects on lung adenocarcinoma; however, its effects on lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) are currently unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the anticancer effects of HST on LUSC cells. The influence of 37.

Ambiently Dried Aerogel-Foam Composites with Gradient Pore Structure for Enhanced Sound Absorption.

Silica-based aerogels are widely regarded as promising sound-absorbing materials due to their low density and high specific surface area. However, their hard surface and small pores hinder sound wave penetration, resulting in a relatively poor sound absorption performance. To overcome this limitation, our study employs melamine foam (MF) as a scaffold to construct a gradient aerogel composite acoustic absorber.

Plasma IgG Glycosylation Profiling Reveals the Biological Features of Early Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Chronic inflammatory and immune dysregulation are critical drivers of the development and progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Posttranslational modifications, such as glycosylation of Immunoglobulin G (IgG), are crucial in modulating systemic inflammatory homeostasis. This study aims to profile plasma IgG glycopeptides (IgGPs) in COPD patients to uncover new insights into their pathogenesis and to identify novel biomarkers.

Real-Time Imaging Enhancement of Handheld Photoacoustic System With FeRAM Crossbar Array based Neuromorphic Design.

The miniaturization and real time imaging capability have always been the desired properties of photoacoustic imaging (PAI) system, which unlocked vast potential for personalized healthcare and diagnostics. While the imaging quality and resolution in such systems are inferior due to physics and system volume constraints, which limited its wide deployment and application. This paper proposes a novel platform to enhance the imaging quality of handheld PAI system in real time, integrating MultiResU-Net imaging enhancement algorithm with Ferroelectric random-access memory (FeRAM) crossbar array.

Toward Mitigating Architecture Overfitting on Distilled Datasets.

Dataset distillation (DD) methods have demonstrated remarkable performance for neural networks trained with very limited training data. However, a significant challenge arises in the form of architecture overfitting: the distilled training dataset synthesized by a specific network architecture (i.e.

Xiexin Tang restores gut barrier function by regulating the differentiation of CD4 T cells via GPRs and HDACs in T2DM rats.

This study aimed to explore the potential mechanism of Xiexin Tang in improving type 2 diabetes mellitus from the perspective of intestinal barrier function. The results indicated that Xiexin Tang could notably promote the expression of GPRs while suppressing the expression of HDACs in colon epithelial cells, then significantly elevate the levels of TGF-β1 and IL-18 to regulate the differentiation of T cells and further maintain the intestinal immune homeostasis. Meanwhile, it could markedly inhibit the inflammatory signaling pathway to improve intestinal barrier function, relieving type 2 diabetes mellitus.

ACE2 utilization of HKU25 clade MERS-related coronaviruses with broad geographic distribution.

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) is a well-established receptor for several MERS-related coronaviruses (MERSr-CoVs) isolated from humans, camels, pangolins, and bats (1-6). However, the receptor usage of many genetically diverse bat MERSr-CoVs with broad geographical distributions remains poorly understood. Recent studies have identified angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as an entry receptor for multiple merbecovirus clades.

Nivolumab combined with induction chemotherapy and radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A multicenter phase 2 PLATINUM trial.

Severe toxicities caused by concurrent cisplatin are a critical problem in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treatment. In this phase 2 multicenter PLATINUM trial (NCT03984357), we recruited 152 NPC patients who received 12-cycle nivolumab plus induction chemotherapy and radiotherapy without concurrent cisplatin. After a median follow-up of 43 months, the 3-year failure-free survival (FFS) was 88.

Effect of goji berry rootstock grafting on growth and physiological metabolism of tomato under high-temperature stress.

In this study, the effects of goji berry (Lycium barbarum L.) grafting on tomato growth, photosynthesis, antioxidant metabolism and osmoregulatory substances under high-temperature stress were studied with black goji berry and red goji berry as grafting rootstocks and 'Sufen 14' tomato as scions. It was found that under room temperature conditions, the growth of goji berry grafted tomato plants was inhibited compared to self-rooted tomato plants, and goji berry rootstock grafting could alleviate the adverse effects of high-temperature stress on plant height, stem diameter, and root activity.

Exploring the potential role of soil protists in predicting banana health.

Fusarium wilt is increasingly threatening banana production around the world. Investigating soil microbial communities associated with healthy and diseased banana plants is the first step to understand the potential mechanisms involved in the disease suppression. Previous research has confirmed plant-beneficial bacterial and fungal communities are key determinants of banana health.

Helper ILCs in the human hematopoietic system.

Helper innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), comprising groups ILC1, ILC2, and ILC3, possess unique advantages in eliciting rapid immune responses and were recently found to exhibit direct tumor-killing capacities comparable with those of cytotoxic ILCs [natural killer (NK) cells] in humans and mice. Although ILCs are primarily tissue-resident cells, their role in the hematopoietic system is increasingly being recognized. This review provides an overview of ILC ontogeny, as well as the physiological and pathological roles of these cells within the human and murine hematopoietic systems.

Effect of Laparoscopic versus Open Distal Pancreatectomy on Recurrence-Free Survival in Patients with Left-sided Pancreatic Cancer: A randomized controlled trial.

Objective: The aim of this trial was to evaluate the oncological superiority of laparoscopic versus open distal pancreatectomy in left-sided pancreatic cancer.

Background: The oncological efficacy of laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy in left-sided pancreatic cancer remains controversial.

Methods: We performed a multi-center, open-label, randomized controlled trial of laparoscopic versus open distal pancreatectomy in left-sided pancreatic cancer patients.

Improved image quality and micronodule detection in thyroid spectral computed tomography using modified swimmer's position.

Background: Spectral computed tomography (CT) can be used as a valuable complement to ultrasound (US) in the detection of thyroid nodules. This study sought to investigate the effects of various arm positions during thyroid spectral CT scans in terms of radiation exposure, image quality, and micronodule detection (≤10 mm).

Methods: A total of 180 patients (mean age: 48 years; 136 females) who underwent thyroid spectral CT were assigned to the traditional position (TDN; n=60), swimmer's position (SWIM; n=60), and modified swimmer's position (M-SWIM; n=60) groups.

Safety and Efficacy of Factor Xa Inhibitors in Atrial Fibrillation Patients on Dialysis: Evidence from 4 Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is prevalent in dialysis-dependent patients, who face higher risks of thromboembolism and bleeding. Although vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) are commonly used for anticoagulation, the benefits of factor Xa (FXa) inhibitors over VKAs in this population are unclear. This systematic review aims to compare the efficacy and safety of VKAs and FXa inhibitors based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Mechanism of Crassostrea gigas T-box Transcription Factor 2: Regulation by a Transcript Isoform of Microphthalmia-Associated Transcription Factor and Its Role in Cell Proliferation.

T-box transcription factor 2 (TBX2) plays a critical role in various biological processes, including cell cycle regulation, malignant transformation, and regulating melanogenesis. In our previous study, we identified a Crassostrea gigas TBX2 (CgTBX2) and investigated its regulatory role in melanin production in oysters. Here, the mechanism of CgTBX2 in regulating cell proliferation was investigated.

Identification of small fiber neuropathy in neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease: A clinicopathological study.

Introduction: Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID) manifests as dementia combined with other neurological symptoms. However, small fiber neuropathy (SFN) and pathology remain unknown in NIID.

Methods: A total of 294 subjects, including patients with NIID, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, and healthy controls (HCs), were included.

Efficacy of black soldier fly larvae in converting kitchen waste and the dynamic alterations of their gut microbiome.

The escalating demand for food, driven by population growth and improved living standards, has prompted the development of efficient and eco-friendly kitchen waste (KW) treatment technologies. This study focused on the feasibility of utilizing KW through the application of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL), with a specific interest in the dynamic changes in the intestinal bacterial community during the treatment process. After a 10-day KW processing period, BSFL gained an average of 0.

Multivariate-coupled-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy with Chebyshev rational fractional-order filtering algorithm for trace CH detection.

An innovative and miniature photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) gas sensor based on a multivariate-coupled amplification photoacoustic cell (MVCA-PAC) with a total length of 100 mm was developed to achieve ultra-sensitive trace CH detection. Acoustic pressure distribution simulations reveal that at the first-order resonance frequency, the MVCA-PAC achieves a maximum acoustic pressure approximately 3.9 times higher than that of a conventional photoacoustic cell.

Targeting both the enzymatic and non-enzymatic functions of DHODH as a therapeutic vulnerability in c-Myc-driven cancer.

c-Myc (Myc)-driven cancers exhibit aggressive phenotypes and therapeutic resistance. Here, integrating CRISPR-Cas9 screening, we identify dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) as a promising target in Myc-driven cancer. Mechanistically, DHODH interacts with Myc to stabilize it independently of its enzymatic activity, thereby antagonizing SKP2-mediated polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation.

Bat-infecting merbecovirus HKU5-CoV lineage 2 can use human ACE2 as a cell entry receptor.

Merbecoviruses comprise four viral species with remarkable genetic diversity: MERS-related coronavirus, Tylonycterisbat coronavirus HKU4, Pipistrellusbat coronavirus HKU5, and Hedgehog coronavirus 1. However, the potential human spillover risk of animal merbecoviruses remains to be investigated. Here, we reported the discovery of HKU5-CoV lineage 2 (HKU5-CoV-2) in bats that efficiently utilize human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a functional receptor and exhibits a broad host tropism.

Clinical Outcome and Predictors of Customized Polyetheretherketone Post-and-Cores for Residual Root and Crown: A Retrospective Study.

Objectives: This retrospective, non-interventional study aimed to evaluate the longevity and factors influencing the success of custom-fabricated polyetheretherketone (PEEK) post-and-cores in endodontically treated teeth (ETT).

Material And Methods: During the observation period (2019-2022), 63 patients received 100 customized PEEK post-and-cores. Clinical outcomes were analyzed based on the following parameters: age, gender, tooth type, tooth position, proximal contacts, remaining cavity walls, antagonist contacts, and final restoration.

Except for environmental protection, promoting income: An analysis of the role of outsourcing livestock manure on promoting farmers' incomes.

To realize the harmless treatment and complete resource utilization of livestock manure, the Chinese government continues to promote the outsourcing livestock manure (OLM) services. Exploring OLM's impacts on farmers' incomes is of great significance to evaluate and improve the socialized service system. However, the economic effects of OLM still lack empirical support.

Micropore structure engineering of injectable granular hydrogels via controlled liquid-liquid phase separation facilitates regenerative wound healing in mice and pigs.

Biomaterials can play a crucial role in facilitating tissue regeneration, but their application is often limited by that they induce scarring rather than complete tissue restoration. Hydrogels with microporous architectures, engineered via 3D printing techniques or particle packing (granular hydrogels), have shown promise in providing a conducive microenvironment for cellular infiltration and favorable immune response. Nonetheless, there is a notably lacking in studies that demonstrate scarless regeneration solely through pore structure engineering.