Physiological and molecular mechanisms of leaf response to high-temperature stress in high-temperature-resistant soybean varieties.

Background: With increasing global limate warm, high temperature (HT) is one of limiting factors for soybean yield and quality. Exploring HT resistance-related functional genes and their corresponding molecular mechanisms is of great value. In our previous report, compared with HD14 (HT sensitive), JD21 is an HT-resistant variety, and further analysis of the transcriptome and proteome has revealed the HT tolerance mechanism of JD21 anthers.

SH3 domain‑binding glutamic acid‑rich protein‑like 3 is associated with hyperglycemia and a poor outcome in Epstein‑Barr virus‑negative gastric carcinoma.

SH3 domain-binding glutamic acid-rich protein-like 3 (SH3BGRL3) is involved in several human cancers. However, its relationship with gastric cancer (GC) remains elusive. Multiple online bioinformatic tools were used to evaluate the messenger (m)RNA expression levels of SH3BGRL3 in GC using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases.

Soybean gene GmMLP34 regulates Arabidopsis negative response to high temperature stress.

The functions of major latex proteins (MLPs) in plant defense and stress responses have been widely documented; however, their roles in HT stress response in soybeans have not been elucidated. This study investigated the role of GmMLP34, a member of the major latex protein (MLP) family, in the response of soybeans to HT stress. Transcriptome analysis of HT-resistant (JD21) and HT-sensitive (HD14) soybean leaves under HT stress (43.

Gastric epithelial neoplasm of fundic-gland mucosa lineage: representative of the low atypia differentiated gastric tumor and Ki67 may help in their identification.

Background: Gastric epithelial neoplasm of the fundic-gland mucosa lineages (GEN-FGMLs) are rare forms of gastric tumors that encompass oxyntic gland adenoma (OGA), gastric adenocarcinoma of the fundic-gland type (GA-FG), and gastric adenocarcinoma of the fundic-gland mucosa type (GA-FGM). There is no consensus on the cause, classification, and clinicopathological features of GEN-FGMLs, and misdiagnosis is common because of similarities in symptoms.

Methods: 37 cases diagnosed with GEN-FGMLs were included in this study.

Prognostic significance of collagen signatures in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma obtained from second-harmonic generation imaging.

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) ranks among the deadliest types of cancer, and it will be meaningful to search for new biomarkers with prognostic value to help clinicians tailor therapeutic strategies.

Methods: Here we tried to use an advanced optical imaging technique, multiphoton microscopy (MPM) combining second-harmonic generation (SHG) and two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) imaging, for the label-free detection of PDAC tissues from a cohort of 149 patients. An automated image processing method was used to extract collagen features from SHG images and the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression were used to assess the prognostic value of collagen signatures.

Enhancing Predictions of Drug Solubility through Multidimensional Structural Characterization Exploitation.

Solubility is not only a significant physical property of molecules but also a vital factor in smallmolecule drug development. Determining drug solubility demands stringent equipment, controlled environments, and substantial human and material resources. The accurate prediction of drug solubility using computational methods has long been a goal for researchers.

Identification of PPARG as key gene to link coronary atherosclerosis disease and rheumatoid arthritis via microarray data analysis.

Background: Inflammation is the common pathogenesis of coronary atherosclerosis disease (CAD) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Although it is established that RA increases the risk of CAD, the underlining mechanism remained indefinite. This study seeks to explore the molecular mechanisms of RA linked CAD and identify potential target gene for early prediction of CAD in RA patients.

Targeting RCC1 to block the human soft-tissue sarcoma by disrupting nucleo-cytoplasmic trafficking of Skp2.

Soft-tissue sarcomas (STS) emerges as formidable challenges in clinics due to the complex genetic heterogeneity, high rates of local recurrence and metastasis. Exploring specific targets and biomarkers would benefit the prognosis and treatment of STS. Here, we identified RCC1, a guanine-nucleotide exchange factor for Ran, as an oncogene and a potential intervention target in STS.

Label-free assessment of pathological changes in pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia by biomedical multiphoton microscopy.

Pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) is the most common precursor lesion that has the potential to progress to invasive pancreatic cancer, and early and rapid detection may offer patients a chance for treatment before the development of invasive carcinoma. Therefore, the identification of PanIN holds significant clinical importance. In this study, we first used multiphoton microscopy (MPM) combining two-photon excitation fluorescence and second-harmonic generation imaging to label-free detect PanIN and attempted to differentiate between normal pancreatic ducts and different grades of PanIN.

Vague-Segment Technique: Automatic Computation of Tumor Stroma Ratio for Breast Cancer on Whole Slides.

The calculation of Tumor Stroma Ratio (TSR) is a challenging medical issue that could improve predictions of neoadjuvant chemotherapy benefits and patient prognoses. Although several studies on breast cancer and deep learning methods have achieved promising results, the drawbacks that pixel-level semantic segmentation processes could not extract core tumor regions containing both tumor pixels and stroma pixels make it difficult to accurately calculate TSR. In this paper, we propose a Vague-Segment Technique (VST) consisting of a designed SwinV2UNet module and a modified Suzuki algorithm.

Impact of dust deposition on the growth of marine autotrophic and heterotrophic microorganisms: Evidence from the South China Sea.

Aeolian dust can provide nutrients for the ocean and affect the growth of phytoplankton. However, the impacts of dust deposition on autotrophic and heterotrophic microorganisms have rarely been studied. In this study, we conducted two microcosm experiments in the low-nutrient and low-chlorophyll environment of the South China Sea and found that dust did not stimulate the abundance of autotrophic and heterotrophic microorganisms.

Ga-Labeled Fibroblast Activation Protein Inhibitor PET/CT for the Early and Late Prediction of Pathologic Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer Patients: A Prospective Study.

Ga-labeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (Ga-FAPI) PET/CT has demonstrated promising clinical results, with a higher SUV and tumor-to-background ratio (TBR) in breast cancer (BC) patients than F-FDG PET/CT. Here, we aimed to evaluate the suitability of Ga-FAPI PET/CT for the early and late prediction of the pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in BC. Twenty-two consecutive patients with newly diagnosed BC and an indication for NAC were prospectively included.

Surface chemistry mediates the tumor entrance of nanoparticles probed using single-molecule dual-imaging nanodots.

The active transport of nanoparticles into solid tumors through transcytosis has been recognized as a promising way to enhance tumor accumulation and penetration, but the effect of the physicochemical properties of nanoparticles remains unclear. Herein, we develop a type of single-molecule dual imaging nanodot by divergent growth of perylenediimide (PDI)-dye-cored polylysine dendrimers and internal orthogonal conjugation of Gd(III)-based macrocyclic probes for fluorescence imaging and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of surface chemistry-dependent tumor entrance. The MRI and fluorescence imaging show that sixth-generation nanodots with acetylated (G6-Ac) and oligo ethylene glycol (G6-OEG) surfaces exhibit similar high tumor accumulation but different intratumor distribution.

High-Throughput Screening of Surface Engineered Cyanine Nanodots for Active Transport of Therapeutic Antibodies into Solid Tumor.

The successful delivery of therapeutic biomacromolecules into solid tumor holds great challenge due to their high resistance to penetrate through the complex tumor microenvironments. Here, active-transporting nanoparticles are harnessed to efficiently deliver biomacromolecular drugs into solid tumors through cell transcytosis. A series of molecularly precise cyanine 5-cored polylysine G5 dendrimers (Cy5 nanodots) with different peripheral amino acids (G5-AA) is prepared.

The tumor-stroma ratio and the immune microenvironment improve the prognostic prediction of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Tumor-infiltrating immune cells and fibroblasts are significant components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), and they participate in tumor progression as closely as tumor cells. However, the relationship between the features of the TME and patient outcomes and the interactions among TME components are still unclear. In this study, we evaluated the PDAC TME in terms of the quantity and location of cluster of differentiation (CD)4 T cells, CD8 T cells, macrophages, stromal maturity, and tumor-stroma ratio (TSR), as evaluated by immunohistochemical staining of serial whole-tissue sections from 116 patients with PDAC.

Integrated transcriptome and proteome analysis reveals molecular responses of soybean anther under high-temperature stress.

It is well documented that high temperature (HT) severely affects the development of soybean male reproductive organs. However, the molecular mechanism of thermo-tolerance in soybean remains unclear. To explore the candidate genes and regulatory mechanism of soybean response to HT stress and flower development, here, the anthers of two previously identified HT-tolerant (JD21) and HT-sensitive (HD14) varieties were analyzed by RNA-seq.

Morpholinyl silicon phthalocyanine nanoparticles with lysosome cell death and two-photon imaging functions for photodynamic therapy of cancer cells.

The lysosome is an important target for realizing antitumor therapy. Lysosomal cell death exerts significant therapeutic effects on apoptosis and drug-resistance. The development of lysosome-targeting nanoparticles to obtain efficient cancer treatment is challenging.

Chlorophenyl thiophene silicon phthalocyanine: Synthesis, two-photon bioimaging-guided lysosome target, and photodynamic efficacy.

The development of efficient photosensitizers with high singlet oxygen quantum yield, strong fluorescent emission, excellent photostability, and specific organelle targeting is in great demand for the enhancement of PDT treatment efficiency. This study designed and synthesized a new two-photon photosensitizer chlorophenyl thiophene axially substituted silicon (IV) phthalocyanine (CBT-SiPc). CBT-SiPc showed specific targeting of lysosomes in living cells and good biocompatibility.

Fasting plasma glucose and fetal ultrasound predict the occurrence of neonatal macrosomia in gestational diabetes mellitus.

Objective: The cause of fetal overgrowth during pregnancy is still unclear. This study aimed to analyze and predict the risk of macrosomia in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Methods: This study was a retrospective study collected from October 2020 to October 2021.

Elevated nutrients and surface chlorophyll-α associated with natural methane seeps in the Haima cold seep area of the Qiongdongnan Basin, northern South China Sea.

Cold seeps are a significant source of methane to the ocean. However, nutrients and Chl-α in the euphotic layer overlying cold seeps have been poorly studied. Variations in Chl-α, nutrients, environmental parameters, and CH concentrations in the Haima cold seeps were analyzed.

Molecular evidence for the production of labile, sulfur-bearing dissolved organic matter in the seep sediments of the South China Sea.

Cold seeps with methane-rich fluids leaking out of the seafloor usually support massive biomass of chemosynthetic organisms and associated fauna. A substantial amount of methane is converted to dissolved inorganic carbon by microbial metabolism, and this process also releases dissolved organic matter (DOM) into pore water. Here, pore water samples from "Haima cold seeps" sediments and the non-seep reference sediments in the northern South China Sea were analyzed for optical properties and molecular compositions of pore water DOM.

Molecular level precision and high molecular weight peptide dendrimers for drug-specific delivery.

Peptide dendrimers have a broad application in biomedical science due to their biocompatibility, diversity, and multifunctionality, but the precision synthesis of high-molecule weight peptide dendrimers remains challenging. We here report the facile and liquid-phase synthesis of molecular level precision and amino-acid built-in polylysine (PLL) dendrimers with molecular weights as high as ∼60 kDa. Three types of polyhedral oligosilsesquioxane (POSS)-cored PLL dendrimers with phenylalanine, tyrosine, or histidine as building blocks were synthesized.

The Pin1-CaMKII-AMPA Receptor Axis Regulates Epileptic Susceptibility.

Pin1 is a unique isomerase that regulates protein conformation and function after phosphorylation. Pin1 aberration contributes to some neurological diseases, notably Alzheimer's disease, but its role in epilepsy is not fully understood. We found that Pin1-deficient mice had significantly increased seizure susceptibility in multiple chemical inducing models and developed age-dependent spontaneous epilepsy.

Differential proteomic analysis of soybean anthers by iTRAQ under high-temperature stress.

High-temperature has severe impacts on the functionality and development of soybean male reproductive organs. However, the molecular mechanism of thermo-tolerance in soybean remains unclear. In this study, a differential proteomic analysis was conducted between the anthers of heat-tolerant (JD21) and heat-sensitive (HD14) cultivars using an iTRAQ based approach.