Publications by authors named "Chen Keneng"

Purpose: Neoadjuvant immune checkpoint blockade with nivolumab plus ipilimumab improves overall survival (OS) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, randomized data for resectable lung cancer are limited. We report results from the exploratory concurrently randomized nivolumab plus ipilimumab and chemotherapy arms of the international phase III CheckMate 816 trial.

Methods: Adults with stage IB-IIIA (American Joint Committee on Cancer seventh edition) resectable NSCLC received three cycles of nivolumab once every 2 weeks plus one cycle of ipilimumab or three cycles of chemotherapy (on day 1 or days 1 and 8 of each 3-week cycle) followed by surgery.

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Background: In patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based regimens in both neoadjuvant and perioperative settings have demonstrated a survival benefit. However, no previous study has compared the efficacy between pure neoadjuvant and perioperative approaches, especially in patients who achieve a substantial pathologic response.

Methods: In this retrospective study, patients with clinical stage II-IIIB NSCLC who achieved either a major pathologic response (MPR) or pathologic complete response (pCR) after induction ICI plus chemotherapy, followed by resection, between 2019 and 2023 were identified from multicenter databases.

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Article Synopsis
  • The KEYNOTE-671 trial showed that adding pembrolizumab to neoadjuvant chemotherapy significantly enhanced event-free survival in patients with early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
  • The trial involved randomizing nearly 800 participants across 189 medical centers, comparing treatment with pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy against a placebo plus chemotherapy.
  • Results indicated that after 36 months, overall survival was higher in the pembrolizumab group (71%) compared to the placebo group (64%), suggesting a positive impact of the immunotherapy.
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Background: Definitive chemoradiotherapy is recommended as the primary treatment for cervical esophageal carcinoma (CEC). However, local control rates remain unsatisfactory for some patients. Therefore, in this study, we introduced a new treatment paradigm for individuals with CEC, customizing the choice between subsequent local treatments based on their response to induction chemotherapy and immunotherapy.

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  • - The study aimed to assess the current state of surgical treatment for esophageal cancer in China, focusing on regional differences and hospital practices across the country.
  • - A survey was conducted with 46 hospitals, revealing varied trends in surgeries over five years, with 73.4% of patients receiving minimally invasive procedures and a significant portion undergoing comprehensive lymph node dissection.
  • - Results indicate that a multimodal treatment approach centered on minimally invasive surgery and complete lymph node dissection has become standard, significantly enhancing patient outcomes compared to earlier treatment methods.
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  • Thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) are rare thoracic tumors more common in Asians, and there is a growing need for tailored guidelines for diagnosis and treatment in the Chinese population.* -
  • The Chinese Anti-Cancer Association (CACA) led the development of a multidisciplinary guideline through literature reviews and expert questionnaires, utilizing the GRADE approach to evaluate the quality of evidence.* -
  • The resulting guidelines cover various aspects of TET management, including diagnosis, treatment approaches, surgical principles, and follow-up strategies, aiming to aid clinicians in making informed decisions.*
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  • Adjuvant and neoadjuvant immunotherapy has been shown to enhance outcomes for patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but the best combination with chemotherapy is still unclear.!
  • The study's aim was to evaluate if adding toripalimab, an immunotherapy drug, to standard platinum-based chemotherapy improves event-free survival and major pathological responses in patients with stage II or III resectable NSCLC compared to chemotherapy alone.!
  • Conducted across 50 hospitals in China, the trial involved 501 patients, mostly with stage III NSCLC, and assessed outcomes like event-free survival and response rates over an interim analysis period ending November 2022.
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Background: The higher pathologic complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy compared with neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has not translated into significant gains in overall survival. Data on the long-term survival of patients who obtained a pCR after neoadjuvant chemotherapy are scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the long-term prognosis and recurrence patterns in these patients.

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Background: Among patients with resectable early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), a perioperative approach that includes both neoadjuvant and adjuvant immune checkpoint inhibition may provide benefit beyond either approach alone.

Methods: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, phase 3 trial to evaluate perioperative pembrolizumab in patients with early-stage NSCLC. Participants with resectable stage II, IIIA, or IIIB (N2 stage) NSCLC were assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive neoadjuvant pembrolizumab (200 mg) or placebo once every 3 weeks, each of which was given with cisplatin-based chemotherapy for 4 cycles, followed by surgery and adjuvant pembrolizumab (200 mg) or placebo once every 3 weeks for up to 13 cycles.

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Background: A Phase II study was undertaken to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the neoadjuvant socazolimab, a novel PD-L1 inhibitor, in combination with nab-paclitaxel and cisplatin for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Methods: Sixty-four patients were randomly divided between the Socazolimab + nab-paclitaxel + cisplatin (TP) arm (n = 32) and the control arm (n = 32), receiving either socazolimab (5 mg/kg intravenously (IV), day 1) or a placebo with nab-paclitaxel (125 mg/m IV, day 1/8) and cisplatin (75 mg/m IV, day 1) repeated every 21 days for four cycles before surgery. The primary endpoint was major pathological response (MPR), and the secondary endpoints were pathological complete response (pCR), R0 resection rate, event-free survival (EFS), overall survival (OS), and safety.

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EMERGING-CTONG 1103 showed improved progression-free survival (PFS) with neoadjuvant erlotinib vs. chemotherapy for patients harbouring EGFR sensibility mutations and R0 resected stage IIIA-N2 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (NCT01407822). Herein, we report the final results.

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Background: Whether minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) is superior to open esophagectomy (OE) in the treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is still uncertain. Therefore, this multicenter prospective study aimed to compare MIE with OE in postoperative parameters and long-term survival.

Methods: All hospitalized patients with cT1b-3N0-1M0 thoracic ESCC treated by MIE or OE were enrolled from 19 selected centers from April 1, 2015 to December 31, 2018.

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Objectives: Even underwent radical resection, some patients of thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) are still exposed to local recurrence in a short time. To this end, the present study sought to differentiate patient subgroups by assessing risk factors for postoperative early (within one year) local lymph node recurrence (PELLNR).

Methods: ESCC patients were selected from a prospective database, and divided into high- and low-risk groups according to the time of their local lymphatic recurrence (within one year or later).

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Chylothorax is an important complication after esophagectomy. Ligation of the injured thoracic duct is the main method to prevent chylothorax after esophagectomy, but may be associated with adverse effects. Whether ligation of the injured tributary alone, keeping the main trunk intact, may suffice to prevent post-operative chylothorax is not well known.

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Article Synopsis
  • Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is typically done over multiple days due to potential complications, but this study aimed to test the safety of a same-day discharge (S-D) approach.
  • Data from 479 patients who underwent ESD between 2018 and 2021 was analyzed, with 91 in the S-D group and 379 in the multi-day (M-D) group, and their outcomes were compared.
  • The results showed no significant difference in serious complications between the two groups, but the S-D group had a much shorter hospital stay and reduced medical costs, indicating that same-day discharge can be a viable option for these patients.
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PD-(L)1 inhibitor could improve the survival of locally advanced esophageal cancer (ESCA) patients, but we cannot tailor the treatment to common biomarkers. WNT signaling activation was associated with primary resistance to immunotherapy. In this study, we used our two clinical cohorts (BJCH = 95, BJIM = 21) and three public cohorts to evaluate and verify a new immunotherapeutic biomarker based on WNT signaling in ESCA patients.

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Introduction: This study evaluated adebrelimab (a programmed death-ligand 1 antibody) plus nab-paclitaxel and carboplatin as perioperative treatment for resectable NSCLC.

Methods: Eligible patients had resectable stage II to III NSCLCs without driver gene. Patients received neoadjuvant treatment with three cycles of intravenous adebrelimab (20 mg/kg on day 1), nab-paclitaxel (100 mg/m on days 1, 8, and 15), and carboplatin (area under the curve 5 mg/mL per min on day 1), of each 21-day cycle before surgical resection, and followed by 16 cycles of adebrelimab (20 mg/kg on day 1 in 3 wk) adjuvant treatment.

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Background: Left thoracic approach (LTA) has been a favorable selection in surgical treatment for esophageal cancer (EC) patients in China before minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) is popular. This study aimed to demonstrate whether right thoracic approach (RTA) is superior to LTA in the surgical treatment of middle and lower thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (TESCC).

Methods: Superiority clinical trial design was used for this multicenter randomized controlled two-parallel group study.

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