Endosomal traffic disorders: a driving force behind neurodegenerative diseases.

Endosomes are crucial sites for intracellular material sorting and transportation. Endosomal transport is a critical process involved in the selective uptake, processing, and intracellular transport of substances. The equilibrium between endocytosis and circulation mediated by the endosome-centered transport pathway plays a significant role in cell homeostasis, signal transduction, and immune response.

RBPMS and RBPMS2 Cooperate to Safeguard Cardiac Splicing.

Background: Mutations in cardiac splicing factors (SFs) cause cardiomyopathy and congenital heart disease, underscoring the critical role of SFs in cardiac development and disease. Cardiac SFs are implicated to cooperatively regulate the splicing of essential cardiac genes, but the functional importance of their collaboration remains unclear. RNA Binding Protein with Multiple Splicing (RBPMS) and RBPMS2 are SFs involved in heart development and exhibit similar splicing regulatory activities , but it is unknown whether they cooperate to regulate splicing .

Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) synergistically induce neurotoxicity in C6 rat glioma cells via the activation of neurotransmitter and Cyp1a1-mediated steroid hormone synthesis pathways.

Humans are often exposed to complex mixtures of multiple pollutants rather than a single pollutant. However, the combined toxic effects and the molecular mechanism of PFOS and BaP remain poorly understood. In this study, two typical environmental pollutants, perfluorooctane sulfonate acid (PFOS) and benzo [a]pyrene (BaP), were selected to investigate their combined neurotoxic effects on rat C6 glioma cells at environmentally relevant concentrations.

Anticancer activity and mechanism studies of photoactivated iridium(III) complexes toward lung cancer A549 cells.

Cyclometalated iridium(III) compounds have been widely explored due to their outstanding photo-physical properties and multiple anticancer activities. In this paper, three cyclometalated iridium(III) compounds [Ir(ppy)(DBDIP)]PF (5a), [Ir(bzq)(DBDIP)]PF (5b), and [Ir(piq)(DBDIP)]PF (5c) (ppy: 2-phenylpyridine; bzq: benzo[]quinoline; piq: 1-phenylisoquinoline, and DBDIP: 2-(2,3-dihydrobenzo[][1,4]dioxin-6-yl)-1-imidazo[4,5-][1,10]phenanthroline) were synthesized and the mechanism of antitumor activity was investigated. Compounds photoactivated by visible light show strong cytotoxicity against tumor cells, especially toward A549 cells.

Investigation into Antioxidant Mechanism of Extract in Carbendazim-Induced PC12 Cell Injury Model through Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Analyses.

L., an important functional food in China, has antioxidant and antiaging activity. However, the exact antioxidant activity mechanism of extracts (LBE) is not well understood.

Bufadienolide-Fatty Acid Conjugates from the Fertilized Eggs of Toad : Isolation, Characterization, Toxicity, and Antiproliferative Evaluation.

Bufadienolides (BDs) are a class of naturally occurring toxins present in amphibian toads. Serving as the chemical weapons, they exist not only in the adult toads but also in toad eggs. Guided by mass spectrometry (MS)-based component analysis and feature-based molecular networking (FBMN), 30 bufadienolide-fatty acid conjugates (BDFs) were isolated from the fertilized eggs of toad , including 25 previously undescribed compounds (-).

Highly selective Zn near-infrared fluorescent probe and its application in biological imaging.

Zn plays a vital role in regulating various life processes, such as gene expression, cell signaling, and brain function. In this study, a near-infrared fluorescent probe AXS was synthesized to detect Zn with good fluorescence specificity, high selectivity, and high sensitivity; the detection limit of Zn was 6.924 × 10 M.

The Effect of Gua Sha Therapy on Pain in Parkinson's Disease: a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: Pain is a common yet undertreated symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD). This study investigated the effect of Gua Sha therapy on pain in patients with PD.

Patients And Methods: A total of 56 PD patients with pain were randomized into either the experimental group (n=28), receiving 12 sessions of Gua Sha therapy, or the control group (n=28) without additional treatment.

Luteolin ameliorates hypoxic pulmonary vascular remodeling in rat via upregulating K1.5 of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells.

Background: Hypoxic pulmonary vascular remodeling (HPVR) is a key pathological feature of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH). Oxygen-sensitive potassium (K) channels in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) play a crucial role in HPVR. Luteolin (Lut) is a plant-derived flavonoid compound with variety of pharmacological actions.

Gut microbiota-mediated activation of GSDMD ignites colorectal tumorigenesis.

Activation of Gasdermin D (GSDMD) results in its cleavage, oligomerization, and subsequent formation of plasma membrane pores, leading to a form of inflammatory cell death denoted as pyroptosis. The roles of GSDMD in inflammation and immune responses to infection are well documented. However, whether GSDMD also plays a role in sporadic cancer development, especially that in the gut epithelium, remains unknown.

Hierarchical online contrastive anomaly detection for fetal arrhythmia diagnosis in ultrasound.

Arrhythmia is a major cardiac abnormality in fetuses. Therefore, early diagnosis of arrhythmia is clinically crucial. Pulsed-wave Doppler ultrasound is a commonly used diagnostic tool for fetal arrhythmia.

Multi-omics reveals the molecular mechanism of the combined toxic effects of PFOA and 4-HBP exposure in MCF-7 cells and the key player: mTORC1.

With the discovery of evidence that many endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in the environment influence human health, their toxic effects and mechanisms have become a hot topic of research. However, investigations into their endocrine-disrupting toxicity under combined binary exposure, especially the molecular mechanism of combined effects, have rarely been documented. In this study, two typical EDCs, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and 4-hydroxybenzophenone (4-HBP), were selected to examine their combined effects and molecular mechanism on MCF-7 cell proliferation at environmentally relevant exposure concentrations.

In vivo rescue of genetic dilated cardiomyopathy by systemic delivery of nexilin.

Background: Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one of the most common causes of heart failure. Multiple identified mutations in nexilin (NEXN) have been suggested to be linked with severe DCM. However, the exact association between multiple mutations of Nexn and DCM remains unclear.

Revealing core functional microorganisms in the fermentation process of Qicaipaojiao (Capsicum annuum L.) based on microbial metabolic network.

Paojiao, a typical Chinese traditional fermented pepper, is favored by consumers for its unique flavor profile. Microorganisms, organic acids, amino acids, and volatile compounds are the primary constituents influencing the development of paojiao's flavor. To elucidate the key flavor compounds and core microorganisms of Qicaipaojiao (QCJ), this study conducted a comprehensive analysis of the changes in taste substances (organic acids and amino acids) and volatile flavor compounds during QCJ fermentation.

LbSakA-mediated phosphorylation of the scaffolding protein LbNoxR in the ectomycorrhizal basidiomycete Laccaria bicolor regulates NADPH oxidase activity, ROS accumulation and symbiosis development.

Ectomycorrhizal symbiosis, which involves mutually beneficial interactions between soil fungi and tree roots, is essential for promoting tree growth. To establish this symbiotic relationship, fungal symbionts must initiate and sustain mutualistic interactions with host plants while avoiding host defense responses. This study investigated the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by fungal NADPH oxidase (Nox) in the development of Laccaria bicolor/Populus tremula × alba symbiosis.

Early signs of neurodegenerative diseases: Possible mechanisms and targets for Golgi stress.

The Golgi apparatus plays a crucial role in mediating the modification, transport, and sorting of intracellular proteins and lipids. The morphological changes occurring in the Golgi apparatus are exceptionally important for maintaining its function. When exposed to external pressure or environmental stimulation, the Golgi apparatus undergoes adaptive changes in both structure and function, which are known as Golgi stress.

A therapeutic leap: how myosin inhibitors moved from cardiac interventions to skeletal muscle myopathy solutions.

The myosin inhibitor mavacamten has transformed the management of obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) by targeting myosin ATPase activity to mitigate cardiac hypercontractility. This therapeutic mechanism has proven effective for patients with HCM independent of having a primary gene mutation in myosin. In this issue of the JCI, Buvoli et al.

Determining the Effects of Zero-Field Splitting and Magnetic Exchange in Dimeric Europium(II) Complexes.

Related BAP [BAP = bis(acyl)phosphide] and Acac (Acac = β-diketonate) molecules perform as robust supports for both lanthanide and actinide metals. Here, a molecular bimetallic Eu complex was successfully targeted and isolated by employing sodium bis(mesitoyl)phosphide [Na(BAP)] in a salt metathesis with EuI, producing (eto = metal-coordinated diethyl ether). The corresponding Acac-Eu complex was targeted using Acac (1,3-dimesityl-1,3-propanedione), generating .

Proton-fluence dependent magnetic properties of exfoliable quasi-2D van der Waals CrSiTemagnet.

The discovery of long-range magnetic ordering in atomically thin materials catapulted the van der Waals (vdW) family of compounds into an unprecedented popularity, leading to potentially important technological applications in magnetic storage and magneto-transport devices, as well as photoelectric sensors. With the potential for the use of vdW materials in space exploration technologies it is critical to understand how the properties of such materials are affected by ionizing proton irradiation. Owing to their robust intra-layer stability and sensitivity to external perturbations, these materials also provide excellent opportunities for studying proton irradiation as a non-destructive tool for controlling their magnetic properties.

An intelligent quantification system for fetal heart rhythm assessment: A multicenter prospective study.

Background: The motion relationship and time intervals of the pulsed-wave Doppler (PWD) spectrum are essential for diagnosing fetal arrhythmia. However, few technologies currently are available to automatically calculate fetal cardiac time intervals (CTIs).

Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop a fetal heart rhythm intelligent quantification system (HR-IQS) for the automatic extraction of CTIs and establish the normal reference range for fetal CTIs.